Country Profile
1990
2000
2010
2021
World view
Population, total (millions)
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.22
Population growth (annual %)
0.2
1.0
0.8
1.8
Surface area (sq. km) (thousands)
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
Population density (people per sq. km of land area)
59.4
65.0
68.8
78.7
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population)
..
..
26.9
21.9
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population)
..
2.2
1.1
..
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) (billions)
0.18
0.26
0.66
0.84
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
1,060
1,390
3,400
3,830
GNI, PPP (current international $) (billions)
0.49
0.52
0.98
1.31
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)
2,920
2,850
5,030
5,990
People
Income share held by lowest 20%
..
6.3
6.4
..
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
68
71
72
73
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
4.9
4.5
4.6
3.9
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)
48
44
44
44
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49)
..
..
29
17
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
76
80
81
89
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
30
21
19
17
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5)
..
1.7
..
3.4
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)
89
93
56
62
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)
..
94
100
100
School enrollment, primary (% gross)
..
92.3
104.3
105.4
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
..
77
81
..
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
..
1
1
..
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)
..
..
..
..
Environment
Forest area (sq. km) (thousands)
1.8
1.7
1.7
1.6
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area)
..
..
..
0.3
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)
..
..
..
..
Urban population growth (annual %)
0.2
1.4
-0.3
0.9
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)
257
..
304
..
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)
..
..
..
..
Economy
GDP (current US$) (billions)
0.13
0.26
0.68
0.84
GDP growth (annual %)
-4.4
5.1
6.1
-7.1
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %)
9.0
2.1
-5.1
-0.4
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
..
15
10
10
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP)
..
28
15
11
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
..
34
28
12
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
..
54
51
49
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
..
..
15
35
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP)
..
..
26.1
32.3
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP)
..
..
-8.4
1.1
States and markets
Time required to start a business (days)
..
42
9
9
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP)
..
..
60.0
86.1
Tax revenue (% of GDP)
..
..
20.5
25.0
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)
0.0
1.4
46.2
31.5
Individuals using the Internet (% of population)
0.0
0.6
7.0
76.3
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)
..
..
1
1
Global links
Merchandise trade (% of GDP)
72
66
56
47
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100)
..
121
99
101
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) (millions)
92
139
325
493
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)
10.6
5.7
5.0
16.3
Net migration (thousands)
-4
-3
-3
-1
Personal remittances, received (current US$) (millions)
43
45
139
248
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions)
7
-1
0
9
Net official development assistance received (current US$) (millions)
35.9
28.9
124.4
84.4
Source: World Development Indicators database
Figures in italics refer to periods other than those specified.
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