Country Profile
1990
2000
2010
2021
World view
Population, total (millions)
3.88
5.01
6.57
8.64
Population growth (annual %)
2.9
2.8
2.7
2.4
Surface area (sq. km) (thousands)
56.8
56.8
56.8
56.8
Population density (people per sq. km of land area)
71.3
92.1
120.8
158.9
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population)
..
..
..
45.5
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population)
..
..
58.9
26.6
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) (billions)
2.15
2.16
4.98
8.17
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
550
430
760
940
GNI, PPP (current international $) (billions)
4.38
6.66
10.30
22.93
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)
1,130
1,330
1,570
2,650
People
Income share held by lowest 20%
..
..
4.8
6.8
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
54
55
57
62
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
6.1
5.3
5.0
4.3
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)
106
97
89
78
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49)
34
26
15
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
46
35
44
..
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
147
120
89
62
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5)
18.3
22.8
16.6
..
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)
73
58
68
70
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)
36
67
69
89
School enrollment, primary (% gross)
91.8
113.5
125.7
121.1
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
21
32
54
64
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
1
1
1
1
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)
0.9
3.9
2.8
1.8
Environment
Forest area (sq. km) (thousands)
13.6
12.7
12.4
12.1
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area)
..
..
..
22.1
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)
0.9
1.5
1.9
1.9
Urban population growth (annual %)
4.4
4.2
3.9
3.7
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)
326
421
474
..
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)
88
94
121
..
Economy
GDP (current US$) (billions)
2.30
2.11
4.75
8.34
GDP growth (annual %)
-0.2
-0.8
5.9
6.0
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %)
3.0
10.0
-0.1
2.5
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
15
15
21
18
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP)
26
30
20
20
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
26
20
27
24
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
34
29
39
34
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
36
29
16
20
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP)
..
..
12.6
14.8
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP)
..
..
-0.2
-4.9
States and markets
Time required to start a business (days)
..
74
84
3
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Tax revenue (% of GDP)
..
..
10.5
14.2
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
3.1
1.4
1.7
3.1
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)
0.0
1.0
39.6
72.4
Individuals using the Internet (% of population)
0.0
0.8
3.0
32.5
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)
..
..
0
0
Global links
Merchandise trade (% of GDP)
37
44
56
45
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100)
117
87
98
102
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) (millions)
1,280
1,446
1,279
3,413
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)
12.3
6.6
2.6
9.0
Net migration (thousands)
0
5
-2
-1
Personal remittances, received (current US$) (millions)
27
34
337
650
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions)
18
53
125
-136
Net official development assistance received (current US$) (millions)
258.2
69.6
403.4
350.8
Source: World Development Indicators database
Figures in italics refer to periods other than those specified.
Loading
Loading...

Loading...