Country Profile
1990
2000
2010
2021
World view
Population, total (millions)
4.20
4.42
6.22
8.09
Population growth (annual %)
4.0
2.4
2.7
2.3
Surface area (sq. km) (thousands)
72.3
72.3
72.3
72.3
Population density (people per sq. km of land area)
58.1
61.3
86.2
112.1
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population)
..
..
62.4
56.8
Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population)
..
72.4
53.7
41.5
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) (billions)
0.80
0.66
4.32
7.17
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
190
150
690
890
GNI, PPP (current international $) (billions)
5.40
5.39
11.69
22.83
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)
1,290
1,220
1,880
2,820
People
Income share held by lowest 20%
..
6.6
7.9
7.9
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
44
45
52
60
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
6.6
6.4
5.3
4.0
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)
160
160
130
98
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49)
..
4
11
21
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
37
61
87
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
258
223
158
101
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5)
25.4
23.4
18.5
12.0
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)
..
37
82
87
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)
..
..
68
99
School enrollment, primary (% gross)
51.1
63.3
114.6
157.7
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
17
26
40
73
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
1
1
1
..
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)
0.6
1.6
1.6
1.5
Environment
Forest area (sq. km) (thousands)
31.3
29.3
27.3
25.2
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area)
..
..
3.3
5.1
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
Urban population growth (annual %)
4.7
3.0
3.7
3.5
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)
..
..
..
..
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)
..
..
..
..
Economy
GDP (current US$) (billions)
0.65
0.64
4.26
7.17
GDP growth (annual %)
3.3
6.7
6.4
5.9
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %)
70.6
3.3
19.1
7.5
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
44
55
31
34
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP)
18
27
20
19
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
35
18
10
16
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
34
39
18
27
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
13
1
34
14
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Tax revenue (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
0.8
1.6
0.6
0.6
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)
0.0
0.3
32.1
101.6
Individuals using the Internet (% of population)
0.0
0.1
0.6
18.7
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)
..
..
..
1
Global links
Merchandise trade (% of GDP)
44
25
26
35
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100)
..
..
124
114
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) (millions)
1,197
1,248
931
2,532
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)
10.1
76.4
2.7
11.4
Net migration (thousands)
132
83
8
-2
Personal remittances, received (current US$) (millions)
0
7
44
184
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions)
32
39
238
214
Net official development assistance received (current US$) (millions)
59.3
180.6
398.3
711.2
Source: World Development Indicators database
Figures in italics refer to periods other than those specified.
Loading
Loading...

Loading...