Country Profile
1990
2000
2010
2021
World view
Population, total (millions)
21.11
23.67
24.99
26.23
Population growth (annual %)
1.5
0.7
0.4
0.4
Surface area (sq. km) (thousands)
120.5
120.5
120.5
120.5
Population density (people per sq. km of land area)
175.3
196.5
207.5
217.9
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population)
..
..
..
..
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population)
..
..
..
..
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) (billions)
..
..
..
..
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
..
..
..
..
GNI, PPP (current international $) (billions)
..
..
..
..
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)
..
..
..
..
People
Income share held by lowest 20%
..
..
..
..
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
70
61
70
73
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
2.4
2.0
1.8
1.8
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)
3
1
1
1
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49)
62
69
71
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
97
100
..
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
42
103
29
16
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5)
..
24.7
18.8
..
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)
98
78
99
99
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)
..
..
99
..
School enrollment, primary (% gross)
..
..
103.0
93.2
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
..
..
..
..
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
..
..
..
..
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)
..
..
..
..
Environment
Forest area (sq. km) (thousands)
69.1
64.5
62.4
60.1
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area)
..
..
..
1.3
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)
..
12.8
12.9
12.9
Urban population growth (annual %)
1.7
0.8
0.7
0.8
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)
1,574
833
757
..
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)
1,189
690
730
..
Economy
GDP (current US$) (billions)
..
..
..
..
GDP growth (annual %)
..
..
..
..
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %)
..
..
..
..
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
States and markets
Time required to start a business (days)
..
..
..
..
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Tax revenue (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)
0.0
0.0
1.7
23.1
Individuals using the Internet (% of population)
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)
..
..
..
..
Global links
Merchandise trade (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100)
..
151
122
140
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) (millions)
..
..
..
..
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)
..
..
..
..
Net migration (thousands)
0
-3
-3
-2
Personal remittances, received (current US$) (millions)
..
..
..
..
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions)
0
..
..
..
Net official development assistance received (current US$) (millions)
7.7
73.6
78.8
20.1
Source: World Development Indicators database
Figures in italics refer to periods other than those specified.
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