Country Profile
1990
2000
2010
2021
World view
Population, total (millions)
3.90
5.54
7.63
10.01
Population growth (annual %)
2.6
3.4
3.0
2.0
Surface area (sq. km) (thousands)
462.8
462.8
462.8
462.8
Population density (people per sq. km of land area)
8.6
12.2
16.9
22.1
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population)
..
..
39.9
..
Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population)
..
..
52.2
..
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) (billions)
3.43
3.32
12.70
23.75
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
880
600
1,660
2,370
GNI, PPP (current international $) (billions)
6.47
11.68
20.63
37.40
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)
1,660
2,110
2,700
3,730
People
Income share held by lowest 20%
..
..
5.1
..
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
60
62
63
64
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
5.2
4.5
3.9
3.2
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)
85
77
70
56
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49)
..
..
..
37
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
41
..
56
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
85
72
59
43
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5)
..
..
27.8
..
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)
67
69
63
35
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)
51
52
..
..
School enrollment, primary (% gross)
68.9
68.0
100.1
109.5
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
13
20
37
44
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
1
1
1
1
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)
0.1
0.4
0.7
1.0
Environment
Forest area (sq. km) (thousands)
364.0
362.8
361.8
358.2
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area)
..
..
0.7
0.7
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)
..
0.0
0.0
0.0
Urban population growth (annual %)
4.0
2.2
2.9
2.8
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)
..
..
..
..
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)
..
..
..
..
Economy
GDP (current US$) (billions)
3.22
3.52
14.25
26.11
GDP growth (annual %)
-3.0
-2.5
10.1
-0.5
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %)
4.1
13.1
9.9
11.6
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
29
34
20
19
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP)
30
39
33
34
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
41
66
..
..
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
49
49
..
..
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
24
22
..
..
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP)
25.2
24.2
..
12.9
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP)
-2.2
-1.9
..
-6.8
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP)
..
..
23.7
38.8
Tax revenue (% of GDP)
20.1
19.0
..
12.1
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
1.4
0.6
0.3
0.3
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)
0.0
0.2
25.0
48.1
Individuals using the Internet (% of population)
0.0
0.8
1.3
23.2
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)
..
..
23
40
Global links
Merchandise trade (% of GDP)
74
92
65
58
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100)
..
59
119
147
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) (millions)
2,594
2,325
5,987
19,710
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)
37.2
12.9
13.3
36.5
Net migration (thousands)
2
42
50
11
Personal remittances, received (current US$) (millions)
5
7
4
3
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions)
155
96
36
-34
Net official development assistance received (current US$) (millions)
370.2
275.0
514.3
1,185.4
Source: World Development Indicators database
Figures in italics refer to periods other than those specified.
Loading
Loading...

Loading...