Country Profile
1990
2000
2010
2021
World view
Population, total (millions)
0.22
0.28
0.36
0.52
Population growth (annual %)
3.2
1.6
3.5
2.8
Surface area (sq. km) (thousands)
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
Population density (people per sq. km of land area)
749.2
940.1
1,202.6
1,720.5
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population)
..
..
..
5.4
Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population)
..
18.8
13.1
0.0
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) (billions)
0.21
0.58
2.16
4.82
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
920
2,050
6,000
9,350
GNI, PPP (current international $) (billions)
0.92
2.29
4.06
8.83
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)
4,080
8,120
11,250
17,110
People
Income share held by lowest 20%
..
6.8
6.4
8.9
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
63
71
77
78
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
6.1
2.7
2.3
1.6
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)
130
30
18
6
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49)
29
42
35
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
70
98
..
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
86
39
14
6
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5)
..
25.7
17.7
..
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)
96
99
97
97
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)
..
116
112
93
School enrollment, primary (% gross)
120.3
127.0
102.1
96.0
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
..
51
70
74
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
..
1
..
1
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
Environment
Forest area (sq. km) (thousands)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area)
..
..
..
0.1
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)
12.0
17.7
3.4
15.7
Urban population growth (annual %)
3.3
3.7
4.7
3.8
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)
226
..
921
..
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)
..
..
..
..
Economy
GDP (current US$) (billions)
0.22
0.62
2.59
5.25
GDP growth (annual %)
17.0
3.8
6.8
37.5
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %)
2.5
2.0
3.3
2.8
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
..
5
6
5
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP)
..
12
9
9
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
..
..
..
76
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
..
..
..
67
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
..
..
..
25
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP)
22.1
30.0
19.1
24.8
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP)
-7.5
-5.0
-13.4
-10.1
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP)
..
..
76.9
97.8
Tax revenue (% of GDP)
14.0
13.8
8.8
19.5
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)
0.0
2.7
137.0
136.8
Individuals using the Internet (% of population)
0.0
2.2
26.5
82.0
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)
..
..
..
2
Global links
Merchandise trade (% of GDP)
100
80
50
54
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100)
..
96
92
103
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) (millions)
78
203
914
4,099
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)
4.8
4.2
3.6
20.1
Net migration (thousands)
0
0
6
9
Personal remittances, received (current US$) (millions)
2
2
3
5
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions)
6
22
216
643
Net official development assistance received (current US$) (millions)
15.6
18.1
66.9
113.5
Source: World Development Indicators database
Figures in italics refer to periods other than those specified.
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