Country Profile
1990
2000
2010
2021
World view
Population, total (millions)
0.38
0.44
0.51
0.64
Population growth (annual %)
1.3
1.3
1.8
1.5
Surface area (sq. km) (thousands)
..
2.6
2.6
2.6
Population density (people per sq. km of land area)
..
169.5
196.9
248.6
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population)
..
..
..
17.3
Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) (billions)
11.96
19.94
39.36
55.59
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
31,330
45,690
77,640
86,850
GNI, PPP (current international $) (billions)
11.40
21.28
31.12
59.30
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)
29,870
48,780
61,390
92,640
People
Income share held by lowest 20%
9.3
8.5
8.2
7.2
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
75
78
81
83
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
1.6
1.8
1.6
1.4
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)
14
12
7
4
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
100
100
..
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
9
5
3
2
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5)
..
..
..
..
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)
80
93
96
99
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)
..
..
88
77
School enrollment, primary (% gross)
..
99.4
98.0
98.5
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
..
96
100
106
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
1
1
1
1
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
Environment
Forest area (sq. km) (thousands)
..
0.9
0.9
0.9
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area)
..
..
37.3
51.3
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)
6.2
5.9
4.8
4.6
Urban population growth (annual %)
1.3
1.9
2.3
2.3
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)
8,874
7,682
8,336
5,631
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)
13,668
15,664
16,808
12,152
Economy
GDP (current US$) (billions)
12.78
21.23
56.21
86.39
GDP growth (annual %)
5.3
6.9
3.8
6.9
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %)
2.5
4.6
4.6
5.9
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
..
1
0
0
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP)
..
17
11
11
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
100
148
163
216
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
88
125
131
182
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
25
23
18
19
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP)
34.8
40.6
39.1
40.9
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP)
2.7
5.1
-0.5
1.0
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Tax revenue (% of GDP)
22.9
25.5
23.8
26.1
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
0.8
0.5
0.4
0.5
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)
0.2
69.5
143.3
136.9
Individuals using the Internet (% of population)
0.0
22.9
90.6
98.7
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)
..
..
9
6
Global links
Merchandise trade (% of GDP)
..
93
80
50
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100)
..
..
115
96
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) (millions)
..
..
..
..
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)
..
..
..
..
Net migration (thousands)
4
5
8
9
Personal remittances, received (current US$) (millions)
..
579
1,670
2,451
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions)
..
4,243
39,129
24,809
Net official development assistance received (current US$) (millions)
..
..
..
..
Source: World Development Indicators database
Figures in italics refer to periods other than those specified.
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