Country Profile
1990
2000
2010
2021
World view
Population, total (millions)
57.25
58.89
62.77
66.98
Population growth (annual %)
0.3
0.4
0.8
0.4
Surface area (sq. km) (thousands)
243.6
243.6
243.6
243.6
Population density (people per sq. km of land area)
236.6
243.4
259.4
276.8
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population)
..
..
..
..
Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population)
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.4
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) (billions)
1,067.15
1,740.54
2,636.83
3,072.67
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
18,640
29,550
42,010
45,880
GNI, PPP (current international $) (billions)
969.19
1,572.74
2,301.32
3,472.37
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)
16,930
26,710
36,660
51,840
People
Income share held by lowest 20%
7.1
6.7
7.5
7.6
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
76
78
80
81
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
1.8
1.6
1.9
1.6
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)
34
29
24
9
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49)
82
80
84
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
99
..
..
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
9
7
5
4
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5)
..
..
0.6
0.6
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)
87
88
89
91
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)
..
..
..
100
School enrollment, primary (% gross)
..
100.6
105.7
102.2
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
..
101
103
114
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
1
1
1
1
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)
..
..
..
0.2
Environment
Forest area (sq. km) (thousands)
27.8
29.5
30.6
32.3
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area)
..
..
11.3
39.9
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)
8.3
8.6
5.7
5.8
Urban population growth (annual %)
0.3
0.6
0.9
0.5
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)
3,597
3,786
3,235
2,377
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)
5,357
6,115
5,713
4,570
Economy
GDP (current US$) (billions)
1,093.17
1,671.60
2,496.74
3,194.56
GDP growth (annual %)
0.8
4.5
2.3
8.5
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %)
7.8
1.0
1.3
0.7
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
1
1
1
1
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP)
28
23
19
17
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
23
26
29
29
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
25
27
30
29
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
24
19
17
19
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP)
32.6
32.9
38.1
34.6
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP)
-0.9
-1.3
-6.6
-9.2
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Tax revenue (% of GDP)
24.2
26.0
25.2
26.0
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
4.0
2.4
2.6
2.0
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)
1.9
73.6
121.8
117.9
Individuals using the Internet (% of population)
0.1
26.8
85.0
96.2
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)
..
..
23
24
Global links
Merchandise trade (% of GDP)
37
37
41
37
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100)
..
..
90
97
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) (millions)
..
..
..
..
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)
..
..
..
..
Net migration (thousands)
57
154
275
463
Personal remittances, received (current US$) (millions)
2,099
5,074
4,951
3,462
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions)
41,363
164,130
66,735
102,432
Net official development assistance received (current US$) (millions)
..
..
..
..
Source: World Development Indicators database
Figures in italics refer to periods other than those specified.
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