Country Profile
1990
2000
2010
2021
World view
Population, total (millions)
0.26
0.33
0.39
0.45
Population growth (annual %)
2.9
2.2
1.9
1.0
Surface area (sq. km) (thousands)
5.8
5.8
5.8
5.8
Population density (people per sq. km of land area)
48.4
61.9
74.4
85.7
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population)
..
..
..
..
Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population)
..
..
..
..
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) (billions)
5.47
6.33
13.88
13.50
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
21,430
19,390
35,370
29,890
GNI, PPP (current international $) (billions)
17.92
23.86
30.98
35.57
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)
70,200
73,090
78,960
78,750
People
Income share held by lowest 20%
..
..
..
..
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
72
74
75
75
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
3.3
2.4
1.9
1.8
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)
38
31
15
9
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49)
..
..
..
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
98
99
100
100
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
13
10
10
10
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5)
..
..
9.7
..
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)
99
99
94
99
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)
102
100
108
100
School enrollment, primary (% gross)
105.5
101.9
105.0
96.2
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
77
68
98
89
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
1
1
1
1
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)
..
..
..
..
Environment
Forest area (sq. km) (thousands)
4.1
4.0
3.8
3.8
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area)
..
..
9.0
9.0
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)
0.9
1.1
1.1
1.1
Urban population growth (annual %)
3.1
2.9
2.4
1.3
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)
6,766
7,307
8,261
8,963
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)
4,383
7,702
8,727
11,483
Economy
GDP (current US$) (billions)
6.04
6.57
13.71
14.01
GDP growth (annual %)
2.6
3.5
2.7
-1.6
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %)
9.7
2.4
5.0
15.5
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
1
1
1
1
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP)
76
66
69
63
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
36
57
67
80
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
22
30
28
67
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
11
19
24
31
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP)
..
..
22.7
54.2
Tax revenue (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
6.4
4.1
2.9
3.2
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)
0.7
29.1
110.9
133.6
Individuals using the Internet (% of population)
0.0
9.0
53.0
97.6
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)
..
..
27
1
Global links
Merchandise trade (% of GDP)
53
76
83
140
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100)
..
76
127
111
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) (millions)
..
..
..
..
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)
..
..
..
..
Net migration (thousands)
1
2
2
0
Personal remittances, received (current US$) (millions)
..
..
0
1
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions)
7
550
481
206
Net official development assistance received (current US$) (millions)
3.9
..
..
..
Source: World Development Indicators database
Figures in italics refer to periods other than those specified.
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