Country Profile
1990
2000
2010
2021
World view
Population, total (millions)
0.18
0.24
0.32
0.40
Population growth (annual %)
2.2
3.3
2.4
1.2
Surface area (sq. km) (thousands)
23.0
23.0
23.0
23.0
Population density (people per sq. km of land area)
8.0
10.6
14.0
17.3
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population)
..
34.1
41.3
52.0
Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population)
18.0
22.5
..
1.0
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) (billions)
0.56
1.08
1.62
2.42
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
3,080
4,470
5,060
6,120
GNI, PPP (current international $) (billions)
0.81
1.73
2.87
4.48
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)
4,400
7,190
8,980
11,340
People
Income share held by lowest 20%
3.0
3.2
..
5.8
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
70
69
71
71
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
4.8
3.6
2.6
1.8
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)
128
100
71
51
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49)
47
56
55
..
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
77
90
94
95
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
39
25
19
13
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5)
5.4
..
6.2
..
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)
86
96
98
79
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)
94
96
100
116
School enrollment, primary (% gross)
111.6
117.0
112.9
107.3
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
60
68
76
89
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
1
1
1
1
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)
0.1
1.1
1.5
1.2
Environment
Forest area (sq. km) (thousands)
16.0
14.6
13.9
12.7
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area)
..
..
18.3
21.1
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)
0.2
0.7
0.7
0.7
Urban population growth (annual %)
1.8
3.3
1.8
0.5
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)
580
..
601
..
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)
..
..
..
..
Economy
GDP (current US$) (billions)
0.55
1.14
1.75
2.43
GDP growth (annual %)
11.3
12.2
1.4
18.0
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %)
0.0
1.4
2.2
0.5
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)
13
11
9
8
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP)
23
23
18
17
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
41
43
51
48
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)
39
54
44
51
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
22
26
15
22
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP)
19.2
14.9
21.8
..
Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP)
-0.5
-4.2
-0.6
..
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP)
..
..
..
..
Tax revenue (% of GDP)
16.2
13.0
18.8
..
Military expenditure (% of GDP)
0.9
0.7
0.9
1.1
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)
0.0
7.0
60.6
66.8
Individuals using the Internet (% of population)
0.0
6.0
28.2
70.7
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)
..
..
0
0
Global links
Merchandise trade (% of GDP)
62
63
68
61
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100)
..
..
94
88
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) (millions)
143
630
1,304
1,452
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)
7.2
17.9
15.2
58.9
Net migration (thousands)
-2
2
2
0
Personal remittances, received (current US$) (millions)
18
25
78
135
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions)
17
30
96
125
Net official development assistance received (current US$) (millions)
30.3
16.1
24.5
77.9
Source: World Development Indicators database
Figures in italics refer to periods other than those specified.
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