Millennium Development Goals
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
61
60
60
59
58
57
Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
51
48
45
43
40
37
GDP per person employed (constant 2021 PPP $)
27,230
27,896
30,413
34,036
37,845
42,217
Income share held by lowest 20%
..
..
..
..
..
..
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5)
..
..
21
19
16
14
Poverty gap at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (%)
14
11
10
6
4
3
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population)
38
33
29
22
16
11
Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)
52
52
51
49
48
45
Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education
Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15-24)
79
81
83
85
87
90
Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15-24)
87
88
90
91
92
93
Persistence to last grade of primary, total (% of cohort)
74
76
76
74
77
81
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)
81
81
82
86
90
88
Adjusted net enrollment rate, primary (% of primary school age children)
..
..
..
..
90
90
Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women
Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
..
..
14
16
19
23
School enrollment, primary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
1
1
1
1
1
1
School enrollment, secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
1
1
1
1
1
1
School enrollment, tertiary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)
1
1
1
1
1
1
Goal 4: Reduce child mortality
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)
73
74
72
77
84
85
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
64
60
53
45
37
32
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)
93
87
76
63
51
43
Goal 5: Improve maternal health
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)
74
72
64
53
52
47
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)
..
..
62
..
70
..
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49)
..
..
61
..
56
..
Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)
..
..
339
296
254
227
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)
..
..
70
..
..
..
Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15-49)
..
..
..
..
..
..
Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases
Children with fever receiving antimalarial drugs (% of children under age 5 with fever)
..
..
..
..
..
..
Condom use, population ages 15-24, female (% of females ages 15-24)
..
..
..
..
..
..
Condom use, population ages 15-24, male (% of males ages 15-24)
..
..
..
..
..
..
Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people)
..
..
180
178
163
146
Prevalence of HIV, female (% ages 15-24)
0.3
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.4
Prevalence of HIV, male (% ages 15-24)
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)
0.3
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
Tuberculosis case detection rate (%, all forms)
..
..
34
44
51
57
Forest area (% of land area)
..
32.3
32.0
31.8
31.6
31.4
Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)
..
..
..
..
..
9
Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development
Net ODA received per capita (current US$)
11
10
8
16
18
20
Debt service (PPG and IMF only, % of exports of goods, services and primary income)
..
..
..
..
..
..
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)
0
2
12
34
77
96
Fixed telephone subscriptions (per 100 people)
10
12
16
19
18
14
Individuals using the Internet (% of population)
0.0
0.7
6.7
15.6
28.5
39.9
Other
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
3.3
2.9
2.7
2.6
2.6
2.5
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)
4,287
5,248
5,506
7,359
9,404
10,593
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) (billions)
22,691.6
30,053.7
33,834.0
48,224.7
65,543.6
78,434.6
Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
26.0
24.6
24.5
24.3
24.6
25.9
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
65
66
68
69
71
72
Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)
75
77
81
82
84
86
Population, total (billions)
5.3
5.7
6.1
6.6
7.0
7.4
Trade (% of GDP)
38.0
43.1
50.5
56.8
56.9
56.3
Source World Development Indicators
Figures in italics refer to periods other than those specified.
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