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| Population, total | 40,746,268.0 | 47,159,719.0 | 56,723,537.0 | 57,259,551.0 | 57,635,162.0 | 58,613,001.0 | 59,587,885.0 | 60,562,381.0 | 61,502,603.0 | 62,378,410.0 | 63,212,384.0 | 64,007,187.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.8 | 0.9 | 2.0 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | 1,219,090.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 33.6 | 38.9 | 46.8 | 47.2 | 47.5 | 48.3 | 49.1 | 49.9 | 50.7 | 51.4 | 52.1 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | 38.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 47.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 115,173,365,121.5 | 153,695,251,448.7 | 365,987,571,936.8 | 336,464,320,484.8 | 337,179,868,244.3 | 366,613,684,043.8 | 391,401,498,217.5 | 358,941,725,932.4 | 388,581,487,974.7 | 407,305,164,217.7 | 410,535,970,512.2 | 391,204,777,064.0 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,830.0 | 3,260.0 | 6,450.0 | 5,880.0 | 5,850.0 | 6,250.0 | 6,570.0 | 5,930.0 | 6,320.0 | 6,530.0 | 6,490.0 | 6,110.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 251,255,820,417.1 | 373,787,910,084.4 | 742,544,241,132.5 | 754,274,886,214.2 | 769,863,662,880.3 | 760,480,462,366.4 | 776,308,951,851.1 | 754,617,395,353.1 | 825,400,756,821.7 | 900,916,311,447.9 | 947,871,341,653.2 | 969,856,299,442.0 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 6,170.0 | 7,930.0 | 13,090.0 | 13,170.0 | 13,360.0 | 12,970.0 | 13,030.0 | 12,460.0 | 13,420.0 | 14,440.0 | 15,000.0 | 15,150.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 3.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 62.9 | 58.4 | 64.1 | 64.7 | 65.4 | 65.7 | 66.1 | 65.2 | 62.0 | 65.5 | 66.1 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.7 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 94.8 | 67.4 | 68.0 | 61.6 | 56.0 | 51.4 | 53.3 | 51.6 | 52.5 | 51.7 | 51.6 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | 54.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | .. | 96.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 58.2 | 71.1 | 38.2 | 36.8 | 35.8 | 34.9 | 34.5 | 34.1 | 34.1 | 34.4 | 34.7 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | 5.7 | 5.9 | 4.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 79.0 | 72.0 | 86.0 | 84.0 | 81.0 | 81.0 | 83.0 | 84.0 | 87.0 | 86.0 | 80.0 | 76.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 72.6 | 91.3 | 90.3 | .. | 92.4 | 93.0 | 92.7 | 95.2 | 97.1 | 95.3 | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 104.7 | 92.6 | 107.3 | 103.4 | 101.6 | 100.4 | 101.1 | 101.3 | 101.7 | 102.4 | 101.8 | .. | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 67.8 | 74.3 | 104.6 | 103.9 | 105.6 | 101.4 | 103.8 | 103.5 | 106.4 | 104.5 | 104.1 | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 1.5 | 13.8 | 18.5 | 18.6 | 18.6 | 18.6 | 18.5 | 18.4 | 18.2 | 17.9 | 17.6 | 17.2 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 181,420.9 | 177,780.9 | 172,320.9 | 171,956.9 | 171,592.9 | 171,228.9 | 170,864.9 | 170,500.9 | 170,136.9 | 169,772.9 | 169,408.9 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 11.7 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 10.3 | 11.8 | 12.4 | 12.5 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 12.8 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 29.7 | 28.4 | 41.7 | 42.5 | 43.3 | 43.8 | 44.6 | 45.3 | 46.6 | 47.1 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.9 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 2,238.6 | 2,269.4 | 2,257.2 | 2,311.8 | 2,283.5 | 2,184.9 | 2,231.9 | 2,037.5 | 2,124.6 | 1,938.3 | 1,938.5 | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 3,828.3 | 4,367.1 | 4,023.2 | 3,935.7 | 3,939.8 | 3,906.3 | 3,768.7 | 3,477.8 | 3,518.5 | 3,404.6 | 3,247.1 | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 126,048,140,141.9 | 151,752,757,215.3 | 346,709,790,458.6 | 323,585,509,674.5 | 381,448,814,653.5 | 405,260,723,892.5 | 389,330,032,224.3 | 337,974,655,408.1 | 419,986,284,375.4 | 407,596,043,067.9 | 381,440,724,491.2 | 401,144,998,373.6 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | -0.3 | 4.2 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 0.3 | -6.2 | 4.9 | 2.1 | 0.8 | 0.5 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 15.4 | 9.2 | 5.5 | 7.0 | 5.5 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 5.4 | 6.4 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 3.9 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 3.8 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.8 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 35.6 | 28.2 | 23.7 | 23.8 | 23.6 | 23.5 | 23.6 | 23.3 | 24.9 | 25.0 | 24.6 | 24.3 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 21.5 | 24.4 | 27.7 | 28.2 | 27.3 | 27.5 | 27.2 | 27.6 | 31.2 | 33.5 | 33.3 | 31.8 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 16.7 | 21.8 | 29.0 | 27.7 | 26.2 | 27.0 | 26.7 | 23.2 | 25.0 | 31.4 | 32.4 | 29.9 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 18.2 | 15.1 | 18.6 | 17.0 | 16.6 | 16.2 | 15.8 | 12.3 | 12.8 | 15.7 | 15.4 | 14.1 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 23.4 | 23.1 | 29.6 | 29.0 | 28.9 | 28.4 | 28.9 | 27.8 | 30.0 | 29.7 | 29.8 | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | 86.9 | 133.5 | 150.2 | 150.6 | 153.9 | 145.6 | 145.4 | 140.3 | 122.1 | 118.5 | 119.0 | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 21.2 | 21.0 | 25.0 | 24.8 | 24.8 | 24.9 | 24.9 | 23.3 | 26.0 | 26.0 | 25.4 | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.9 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 17.7 | 155.1 | 143.9 | 153.5 | 157.7 | 162.7 | 158.4 | 163.1 | 160.7 | 171.5 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 7.4 | 6.7 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 4.9 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 5.7 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 33.3 | 39.3 | 53.5 | 51.9 | 49.9 | 51.3 | 50.7 | 50.3 | 56.6 | 63.6 | 63.3 | 58.2 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 74.9 | 71.8 | 100.0 | 103.8 | 108.5 | 106.3 | 112.0 | 123.6 | 128.4 | 118.1 | 113.8 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | 26,668,247,021.2 | 127,752,573,028.5 | 144,058,545,587.0 | 175,025,046,978.8 | 180,194,489,501.0 | 190,747,897,765.0 | 175,427,437,079.7 | 169,447,431,525.1 | 171,731,622,090.9 | 165,839,388,756.3 | 175,895,546,993.5 | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | 10.2 | 26.0 | 14.8 | 13.5 | 24.3 | 18.7 | 27.3 | 18.7 | 18.6 | 16.5 | 16.3 | |
| Net migration | 259,718.0 | -136,794.0 | 641,150.0 | -879,235.0 | 343,146.0 | 318,260.0 | 331,124.0 | 369,901.0 | 458,246.0 | 233,284.0 | 228,222.0 | 166,972.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 135,594,375.6 | 324,663,747.1 | 825,253,479.9 | 755,434,048.9 | 873,861,160.6 | 929,043,381.1 | 890,059,293.7 | 810,881,604.0 | 926,650,843.7 | 872,855,576.2 | 803,385,605.2 | 855,374,671.1 | |
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