| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Population, total | 39,817,251.0 | 45,290,841.0 | 50,681,634.0 | 51,089,056.0 | 51,495,696.0 | 51,894,938.0 | 52,272,247.0 | 52,640,713.0 | 53,016,522.0 | 53,387,102.0 | 53,756,787.0 | 54,133,798.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 1.5 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 676,590.0 | 676,590.0 | 676,590.0 | 676,590.0 | 676,590.0 | 676,590.0 | 676,590.0 | 676,590.0 | 676,590.0 | 676,590.0 | 676,590.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 60.9 | 69.3 | 77.6 | 78.2 | 78.9 | 79.5 | 80.1 | 80.7 | 81.2 | 81.8 | 82.4 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 32.1 | .. | 24.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 6.2 | .. | 2.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,016,089,376.4 | 8,824,634,770.9 | 64,029,127,389.2 | 62,920,798,231.0 | 63,559,467,229.9 | 63,585,330,356.5 | 68,712,119,604.9 | 72,902,952,267.9 | 70,175,778,614.6 | 66,036,882,132.8 | 69,242,925,602.2 | 66,551,891,335.7 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 50.0 | 190.0 | 1,260.0 | 1,230.0 | 1,230.0 | 1,230.0 | 1,310.0 | 1,380.0 | 1,320.0 | 1,240.0 | 1,290.0 | 1,230.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 17,409,206,253.8 | 42,948,884,475.7 | 211,662,088,194.3 | 219,735,640,703.2 | 223,681,170,227.7 | 236,493,477,301.5 | 283,679,471,737.1 | 310,809,770,322.2 | 298,600,993,353.1 | 272,097,982,702.0 | 302,639,549,176.0 | 316,253,988,141.4 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 440.0 | 950.0 | 4,180.0 | 4,300.0 | 4,340.0 | 4,560.0 | 5,430.0 | 5,900.0 | 5,630.0 | 5,100.0 | 5,630.0 | 5,840.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | 7.3 | .. | 8.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 56.7 | 60.2 | 65.1 | 65.6 | 65.7 | 65.8 | 66.5 | 66.6 | 66.8 | 65.7 | 67.3 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.5 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 49.7 | 40.0 | 34.9 | 35.2 | 35.2 | 34.9 | 34.5 | 34.4 | 34.2 | 34.1 | 33.8 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 52.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 60.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 115.0 | 89.1 | 53.4 | 51.3 | 49.4 | 47.7 | 46.0 | 44.5 | 42.9 | 41.5 | 40.1 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | 32.5 | 30.0 | .. | .. | 18.5 | .. | 19.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 68.0 | 84.0 | 88.0 | 84.0 | 91.0 | 83.0 | 93.0 | 84.0 | 91.0 | 44.0 | 75.0 | 74.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 79.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 103.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 98.4 | 100.5 | 113.2 | .. | 117.9 | 120.1 | 118.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 20.9 | 39.0 | 56.9 | .. | 67.0 | 71.3 | 75.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 392,184.8 | 348,681.1 | 302,821.5 | 299,924.4 | 297,027.3 | 294,130.2 | 291,233.1 | 288,336.0 | 285,438.9 | 282,541.8 | 279,644.7 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 4.1 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 2.9 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.2 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 268.2 | 283.6 | 381.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 45.8 | 77.6 | 222.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 2,115,193,513.3 | 8,905,066,163.6 | 65,531,374,199.7 | 59,607,290,407.6 | 63,298,361,996.2 | 66,053,040,483.0 | 67,860,515,989.5 | 75,065,106,227.7 | 79,006,113,643.2 | 66,345,291,160.2 | 62,253,049,891.6 | 66,757,619,000.0 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 2.8 | 13.7 | 8.2 | 7.0 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 6.6 | -9.0 | -12.0 | 4.0 | 1.0 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 18.5 | 2.5 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 5.9 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 19.5 | 6.2 | 10.8 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | .. | 57.2 | 27.8 | 26.8 | 25.6 | 23.4 | 22.1 | 20.8 | 22.4 | 22.8 | 22.3 | 22.7 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | 9.7 | 34.5 | 34.5 | 34.8 | 36.8 | 37.0 | 38.4 | 37.5 | 37.3 | 38.2 | 37.6 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 10.5 | 5.3 | 22.0 | 18.5 | 16.8 | 16.0 | 7.0 | 14.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 77.0 | 16.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 7.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 6.2 | 3.0 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 7.2 | 6.1 | 2.8 | 6.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.4 | 2.0 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 3.0 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 3.8 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 56.8 | 79.6 | 97.5 | 91.7 | 116.1 | 154.5 | 147.0 | 126.3 | 106.7 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 0.6 | 0.5 | 7.5 | 6.0 | 4.5 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 5.1 | 2.6 | 2.9 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 28.1 | 44.8 | 42.6 | 47.5 | 43.5 | 50.2 | 53.0 | 48.7 | 43.8 | 44.4 | 55.4 | 46.7 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 305.4 | 121.2 | 108.8 | 100.0 | 94.9 | 98.6 | 98.8 | 91.3 | 89.6 | 127.0 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 5,328,162,847.9 | 6,482,210,337.9 | 10,049,278,770.5 | 10,219,854,991.0 | 10,112,462,045.0 | 10,783,959,875.7 | 10,731,523,127.0 | 11,182,088,460.0 | 13,407,423,214.3 | 13,758,854,822.1 | 12,537,514,247.4 | 12,162,102,318.5 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 18.8 | 1.0 | 4.4 | 3.4 | 5.3 | 4.4 | 4.9 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 7.1 | 7.0 | 6.8 | |
Net migration | -40,859.0 | -106,772.0 | -74,901.0 | -94,108.0 | -87,907.0 | -105,415.0 | -114,598.0 | -100,783.0 | -66,213.0 | -35,370.0 | -34,988.0 | -34,989.0 | |
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