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| Population, total | 58,380,092.0 | 66,418,659.0 | 82,619,362.0 | 83,812,228.0 | 85,026,754.0 | 86,117,998.0 | 87,051,648.0 | 87,723,443.0 | 88,455,488.0 | 89,524,246.0 | 90,608,707.0 | 91,567,738.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.9 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | 1,745,150.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 35.8 | 40.8 | 50.7 | 51.5 | 52.4 | 53.1 | 53.7 | 54.1 | 54.5 | 55.2 | 55.8 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | 21.6 | .. | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 3.7 | 2.8 | 2.5 | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 142,994,596,978.1 | 116,010,632,487.0 | 450,903,427,804.2 | 457,385,650,746.2 | 465,277,917,904.0 | 452,148,096,007.9 | 393,918,788,471.0 | 328,413,619,641.7 | 343,094,563,628.5 | 367,578,687,594.4 | 420,760,882,532.4 | 426,384,362,530.0 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,450.0 | 1,750.0 | 5,460.0 | 5,460.0 | 5,470.0 | 5,250.0 | 4,530.0 | 3,740.0 | 3,880.0 | 4,110.0 | 4,640.0 | 4,660.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 423,464,430,544.4 | 713,822,857,360.9 | 1,131,882,731,796.4 | 1,222,831,727,825.1 | 1,282,944,257,114.5 | 1,284,615,969,251.6 | 1,162,216,536,949.6 | 1,235,724,057,317.0 | 1,322,139,318,088.5 | 1,468,195,051,597.3 | 1,596,298,377,983.8 | 1,686,278,163,166.1 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 7,250.0 | 10,750.0 | 13,700.0 | 14,590.0 | 15,090.0 | 14,920.0 | 13,350.0 | 14,090.0 | 14,950.0 | 16,400.0 | 17,620.0 | 18,420.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | 5.2 | .. | 7.2 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 7.0 | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 64.1 | 70.2 | 75.9 | 76.2 | 76.4 | 76.6 | 76.9 | 74.1 | 73.8 | 76.8 | 77.7 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.9 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 87.7 | 36.9 | 37.4 | 36.2 | 35.1 | 33.0 | 29.4 | 27.0 | 26.4 | 26.3 | 26.2 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 73.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 89.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 57.6 | 36.3 | 15.5 | 15.0 | 14.5 | 13.9 | 13.5 | 13.0 | 12.6 | 12.2 | 11.8 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 4.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 85.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 83.9 | 88.9 | 95.6 | 96.5 | 94.4 | .. | 95.1 | 96.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 102.7 | 97.8 | 104.1 | 105.8 | 105.4 | .. | 105.5 | 104.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 55.9 | 75.0 | 82.7 | 83.3 | 82.8 | .. | .. | 85.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 90,760.6 | 93,256.6 | 106,919.8 | 107,020.0 | 107,110.0 | 107,270.0 | 107,430.0 | 107,520.0 | 107,660.0 | 107,760.0 | 107,883.9 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 6.5 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 51.3 | 68.9 | 72.3 | 72.3 | 72.3 | 72.3 | 72.3 | 72.3 | 72.3 | 72.3 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.9 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.6 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 1,187.5 | 1,852.2 | 2,736.7 | 2,860.6 | 3,028.2 | 2,911.1 | 3,188.8 | 3,252.6 | 3,336.2 | 3,266.1 | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 908.4 | 1,528.2 | 2,861.3 | 3,020.0 | 3,178.8 | 3,171.0 | 3,299.8 | 3,445.7 | 3,589.0 | 3,664.3 | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 124,813,263,926.2 | 109,591,707,801.4 | 409,191,686,496.7 | 459,042,684,192.7 | 489,168,731,811.1 | 398,880,231,367.3 | 333,519,146,339.2 | 262,186,179,355.9 | 383,436,202,446.7 | 394,362,621,793.0 | 404,625,655,076.3 | 436,906,331,671.9 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 13.6 | 5.8 | -1.4 | 8.8 | 2.8 | -1.8 | -3.1 | 3.3 | 4.7 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 3.0 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 22.8 | 24.9 | 0.2 | 9.4 | 13.0 | 31.6 | 30.5 | 44.3 | 56.3 | 50.6 | 30.5 | 34.2 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 12.5 | 9.1 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 11.1 | 13.3 | 12.2 | 12.4 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 13.0 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 32.8 | 40.3 | 32.2 | 34.4 | 36.2 | 37.4 | 33.3 | 36.1 | 38.0 | 39.9 | 36.2 | 36.4 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 13.3 | 21.5 | 18.7 | 21.2 | 22.7 | 31.1 | 23.5 | 19.4 | 22.8 | 26.8 | 24.2 | 22.9 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 23.8 | 19.8 | 20.7 | 19.2 | 22.0 | 27.4 | 27.3 | 24.4 | 21.5 | 24.8 | 28.0 | 26.8 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 33.0 | 35.1 | 32.0 | 29.1 | 31.8 | 33.2 | 37.3 | 42.2 | 39.5 | 38.0 | 38.8 | 40.0 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 17.4 | 21.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 5.6 | 5.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.9 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | .. | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 1.4 | 89.8 | 96.1 | 102.4 | 103.0 | 135.6 | 145.5 | 153.6 | 162.7 | 166.3 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.8 | .. | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 31.7 | 38.9 | 28.2 | 25.3 | 29.1 | 38.3 | 32.2 | 32.7 | 31.5 | 39.7 | 40.4 | 39.9 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 68.9 | 100.0 | 91.4 | 102.9 | 116.9 | 110.5 | 96.6 | 108.4 | 131.8 | 109.0 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 9,026,182,538.2 | 8,800,053,478.5 | 6,455,859,301.0 | 6,058,410,415.5 | 6,819,093,933.4 | 5,773,699,803.6 | 4,855,393,068.1 | 5,433,188,395.8 | 10,348,874,166.9 | 9,459,955,524.4 | 9,900,872,535.1 | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 3.2 | 9.9 | 0.9 | 2.6 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.3 | .. | |
| Net migration | 200,711.0 | 300,133.0 | -46,239.0 | 66,630.0 | 34,849.0 | -27,946.0 | -32,794.0 | -180,680.0 | 334,967.0 | 403,190.0 | 262,044.0 | 190,156.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | .. | 536,000,000.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
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