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Population, total | 51,891,400.0 | 49,176,500.0 | 45,272,155.0 | 45,167,350.0 | 45,038,236.0 | 44,880,758.0 | 44,690,584.0 | 44,474,512.0 | 44,207,754.0 | 43,848,986.0 | 38,000,000.0 | 37,000,000.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 0.2 | -1.0 | -0.5 | -0.2 | -0.3 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.5 | -0.6 | -0.8 | -14.3 | -2.7 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 603,560.0 | 603,550.0 | 603,550.0 | 603,550.0 | 603,550.0 | 603,550.0 | 603,550.0 | 603,550.0 | 603,550.0 | 603,550.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | .. | 84.9 | 78.2 | 78.0 | 77.7 | 77.5 | 77.1 | 76.8 | 76.3 | 75.7 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 82,097,582,335.5 | 33,604,431,514.6 | 153,130,777,843.4 | 119,857,800,361.3 | 100,779,533,554.9 | 100,202,410,390.1 | 116,377,495,903.8 | 139,084,746,178.2 | 149,174,086,879.7 | 169,966,929,106.2 | 151,667,901,107.8 | 174,919,025,720.3 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,580.0 | 680.0 | 3,560.0 | 2,800.0 | 2,360.0 | 2,360.0 | 2,750.0 | 3,310.0 | 3,570.0 | 4,110.0 | 4,280.0 | 5,070.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 404,417,219,479.9 | 196,223,860,085.6 | 453,348,694,759.9 | 449,239,721,497.0 | 474,782,135,855.7 | 503,730,262,075.8 | 542,425,697,722.9 | 611,906,063,612.5 | 670,442,390,848.8 | 724,798,384,656.2 | 599,042,781,039.9 | 640,411,381,848.9 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 7,790.0 | 3,990.0 | 10,540.0 | 10,490.0 | 11,130.0 | 11,860.0 | 12,830.0 | 14,560.0 | 16,060.0 | 17,520.0 | 16,920.0 | 18,560.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | 10.5 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 10.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 70.1 | 67.7 | 71.2 | 71.2 | 71.5 | 71.8 | 71.6 | 71.8 | 71.2 | 69.6 | 68.6 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 1.9 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 58.0 | 30.8 | 28.3 | 28.6 | 26.4 | 22.9 | 19.6 | 16.5 | 15.3 | 15.6 | 15.2 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 71.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 19.3 | 18.4 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 9.2 | 8.9 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 8.4 | 8.2 | 8.5 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 4.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | .. | 99.0 | 56.0 | 56.0 | 42.0 | 86.0 | 91.0 | 93.0 | 85.0 | 88.0 | 74.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 102.3 | 95.3 | 96.2 | 88.6 | 86.2 | 87.5 | 83.9 | 89.1 | 89.8 | 89.3 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 116.3 | 112.9 | 95.5 | 87.9 | 87.4 | 88.2 | 88.6 | 90.7 | 91.1 | 91.1 | 92.8 | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 95.5 | 97.8 | 98.3 | 90.5 | 88.5 | 86.8 | 85.8 | 84.5 | 84.4 | 84.7 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | .. | 95,100.0 | 96,352.0 | 96,570.0 | 96,640.0 | 96,710.0 | 96,780.0 | 96,840.0 | 96,900.0 | 96,960.0 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 12.3 | 12.3 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 33.2 | 19.8 | 16.5 | 16.9 | 19.4 | 19.4 | 19.2 | 17.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 0.3 | -0.9 | -0.3 | -0.1 | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.3 | -0.3 | -0.4 | -0.6 | -14.1 | -2.4 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 4,856.6 | 2,720.7 | 2,334.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 13.3 | 6.0 | 5.3 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 3.9 | 3.7 | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 4,787.5 | 2,778.4 | 3,418.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 79,523,809,523.8 | 32,375,083,934.8 | 133,503,871,861.7 | 91,030,967,789.1 | 93,355,869,403.9 | 112,090,505,081.7 | 130,891,088,293.6 | 153,883,047,509.6 | 156,617,722,013.3 | 199,765,859,570.9 | 161,989,520,721.2 | 178,757,021,386.8 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -6.3 | 5.9 | -10.1 | -9.8 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 3.5 | 3.2 | -3.8 | 3.4 | -28.8 | 5.3 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 16.2 | 27.5 | 15.9 | 38.9 | 17.1 | 22.1 | 15.4 | 8.2 | 10.3 | 24.8 | 34.9 | 18.5 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 24.5 | 14.0 | 10.2 | 12.1 | 11.7 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 9.0 | 9.3 | 10.9 | 8.6 | 7.4 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 42.6 | 31.7 | 22.8 | 21.7 | 23.2 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 22.6 | 20.8 | 23.2 | 18.0 | 18.8 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 27.7 | 60.3 | 48.6 | 52.6 | 49.3 | 48.1 | 45.2 | 41.2 | 38.8 | 40.7 | 35.4 | 28.6 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 28.7 | 55.4 | 52.1 | 55.2 | 56.2 | 55.9 | 54.0 | 49.3 | 40.3 | 42.0 | 52.0 | 49.5 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | .. | 19.8 | 13.4 | 15.9 | 21.7 | 20.0 | 18.6 | 14.9 | 8.9 | 14.5 | 12.1 | 15.1 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | 18.6 | 22.0 | 26.2 | 25.5 | 26.4 | 25.6 | 24.8 | 25.2 | 23.5 | 24.7 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 22.0 | 8.0 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 108.5 | 85.2 | 78.7 | 65.6 | 57.3 | 48.6 | 50.8 | 41.5 | 49.2 | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | 13.6 | 17.3 | 20.5 | 19.6 | 20.1 | 20.1 | 19.2 | 19.2 | 19.1 | 16.7 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | .. | 2.2 | 2.2 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 3.2 | 33.5 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 1.7 | 144.3 | 142.0 | 133.2 | 131.4 | 127.8 | 130.6 | 129.3 | 135.0 | .. | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 6.9 | 8.0 | 6.7 | 6.2 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 4.5 | 5.7 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | .. | 88.1 | 81.1 | 83.1 | 81.0 | 82.9 | 79.9 | 72.0 | 66.1 | 70.5 | 61.4 | 55.7 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 119.6 | 109.1 | 100.0 | 99.8 | 101.5 | 101.0 | 100.9 | 106.0 | 128.2 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | 13,915,483,185.0 | 127,657,360,096.1 | 118,566,228,266.3 | 116,191,600,303.7 | 123,875,842,327.7 | 121,887,133,091.9 | 124,900,214,919.8 | 132,410,358,174.5 | 135,729,402,464.5 | 139,330,942,189.4 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | 20.3 | 29.5 | 55.4 | 23.4 | 20.9 | 20.8 | 18.2 | 23.9 | 15.2 | 17.6 | .. | |
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