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Population, total | 5,417,860.0 | 6,272,998.0 | 7,956,382.0 | 8,136,610.0 | 8,326,348.0 | 8,524,063.0 | 8,725,318.0 | 8,925,525.0 | 9,128,132.0 | 9,337,003.0 | 9,543,207.0 | 9,750,064.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.9 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.1 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 142,550.0 | 142,550.0 | 142,550.0 | 142,550.0 | 141,376.0 | 141,380.0 | 141,380.0 | 141,380.0 | 141,380.0 | 141,380.0 | 141,380.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 38.7 | 44.8 | 56.8 | 58.1 | 60.0 | 61.4 | 62.9 | 64.3 | 65.8 | 67.3 | 68.8 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 34.3 | 32.0 | 31.3 | 30.3 | 29.5 | 27.4 | 26.3 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 6.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | 1,067,368,667.4 | 9,089,152,397.6 | 10,691,505,229.3 | 11,131,963,182.1 | 10,654,553,516.0 | 9,656,621,920.7 | 9,110,530,098.3 | 9,349,307,652.1 | 9,967,206,483.9 | 10,060,812,564.3 | 11,224,533,778.2 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | 170.0 | 1,140.0 | 1,310.0 | 1,340.0 | 1,250.0 | 1,110.0 | 1,020.0 | 1,020.0 | 1,070.0 | 1,050.0 | 1,150.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 13,942,341,563.1 | 6,237,636,650.6 | 27,649,805,633.7 | 32,099,463,306.2 | 33,792,660,554.7 | 31,549,266,606.6 | 31,190,408,619.9 | 33,106,245,229.3 | 36,848,065,725.0 | 40,367,715,126.9 | 43,005,605,913.1 | 50,515,323,426.8 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 2,570.0 | 990.0 | 3,480.0 | 3,950.0 | 4,060.0 | 3,700.0 | 3,570.0 | 3,710.0 | 4,040.0 | 4,320.0 | 4,510.0 | 5,180.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 61.9 | 63.3 | 68.5 | 68.9 | 69.1 | 69.3 | 69.5 | 69.9 | 70.4 | 70.9 | 68.0 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 5.3 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.2 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 43.0 | 47.5 | 52.3 | 54.1 | 53.8 | 52.0 | 46.6 | 38.1 | 42.8 | 47.8 | 46.6 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 33.9 | 27.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 29.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 70.7 | 86.4 | 90.8 | 90.3 | 98.0 | .. | 94.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 102.5 | 83.7 | 40.4 | 39.4 | 38.4 | 37.4 | 36.5 | 35.5 | 34.5 | 33.5 | 32.5 | 31.4 | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | 13.3 | .. | .. | .. | 6.4 | 7.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | .. | 88.0 | 94.0 | 92.0 | 98.0 | 97.0 | 97.0 | 98.0 | 98.0 | 98.0 | 98.0 | 97.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 92.6 | 98.2 | .. | 99.5 | 101.1 | 95.4 | 94.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | .. | 96.5 | 100.9 | 100.8 | 98.3 | 97.6 | 98.0 | 100.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 72.9 | 87.1 | 88.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
Forest area (sq. km) | .. | 4,100.0 | 4,147.2 | 4,170.8 | 4,194.4 | 4,218.0 | 4,218.0 | 4,218.0 | 4,218.0 | 4,228.0 | 4,238.0 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 22.3 | 22.3 | 22.3 | 22.3 | 22.3 | 22.3 | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 19.4 | 16.8 | 16.7 | 16.6 | 16.4 | 13.8 | 12.6 | 15.4 | 16.7 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 1.1 | 0.4 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 979.7 | 342.5 | 295.0 | 319.7 | 336.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 2.0 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 3,275.5 | 2,142.0 | 1,743.0 | 1,676.7 | 1,486.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 2,631,768,953.1 | 860,521,119.3 | 7,633,049,792.1 | 8,448,469,837.5 | 9,112,544,556.1 | 8,271,454,300.6 | 6,992,393,787.4 | 7,536,439,875.1 | 7,765,014,424.3 | 8,300,784,856.9 | 8,133,996,647.9 | 8,746,270,636.4 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -0.6 | 8.3 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 6.7 | 6.0 | 6.9 | 7.1 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 4.4 | 9.2 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 6.3 | 22.6 | 11.9 | 3.6 | 4.8 | 6.9 | 0.5 | 9.8 | 2.5 | 3.7 | 1.7 | 7.9 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 33.3 | 25.1 | 23.3 | 21.3 | 23.8 | 21.6 | 20.9 | 20.3 | 19.8 | 20.9 | 24.0 | .. | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 37.6 | 35.3 | 22.0 | 23.1 | 22.6 | 30.2 | 32.2 | 31.8 | 34.4 | 33.1 | 33.8 | .. | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | 86.8 | 17.3 | 11.1 | 9.2 | .. | .. | 14.9 | 14.4 | 15.0 | 17.3 | .. | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | 88.6 | 65.9 | 60.7 | 45.4 | .. | .. | 38.9 | 41.5 | 41.1 | 38.4 | .. | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | .. | 9.4 | 23.3 | 24.9 | 26.5 | 44.7 | 40.5 | 29.9 | 37.3 | 35.4 | 33.5 | .. | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | 10.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 13.0 | 22.0 | 28.0 | 11.0 | 21.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 7.0 | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 14.6 | 19.5 | 19.8 | 19.7 | 25.0 | 14.9 | 15.3 | 15.5 | 13.6 | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | 7.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | .. | 0.6 | 1.0 | .. | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 82.0 | 92.6 | 96.1 | 99.6 | 107.7 | 111.0 | 109.6 | 117.8 | 121.4 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 33.8 | 14.5 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 1.0 | .. | |
Statistical Capacity Score (Overall Average) (scale 0 - 100) | .. | .. | 75.6 | 75.6 | 75.6 | 81.1 | 81.1 | 77.8 | 73.3 | 73.3 | 72.2 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | .. | 169.7 | 67.3 | 62.9 | 57.9 | 52.3 | 56.2 | 52.7 | 54.4 | 54.5 | 56.0 | 72.7 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2000 = 100) | .. | 100.0 | 85.3 | 83.7 | 82.7 | 83.3 | 89.6 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 93.7 | 92.7 | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | 1,140,676,654.0 | 4,619,361,917.4 | 4,862,292,683.6 | 5,123,647,136.5 | 5,144,065,083.4 | 5,181,124,718.8 | 5,868,078,478.9 | 6,089,882,240.8 | 6,637,093,630.8 | 6,953,068,717.1 | 7,046,319,498.1 | |
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