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Population, total | 3,998,761.0 | 5,140,037.0 | 7,472,450.0 | 7,663,195.0 | 7,858,289.0 | 8,057,140.0 | 8,258,778.0 | 8,463,068.0 | 8,669,720.0 | 8,878,379.0 | 9,089,738.0 | 9,304,337.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 73.5 | 94.5 | 137.4 | 140.9 | 144.5 | 148.1 | 151.8 | 155.6 | 159.4 | 163.2 | 167.1 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 45.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 54.7 | .. | .. | 28.4 | .. | .. | 26.6 | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,151,002,890.8 | 2,158,814,138.2 | 6,327,531,281.5 | 6,426,661,268.4 | 6,258,874,722.9 | 6,215,747,315.8 | 6,882,213,911.9 | 7,273,797,271.6 | 7,483,885,675.1 | 8,168,909,590.2 | 8,840,874,853.5 | 9,323,210,954.8 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 540.0 | 420.0 | 850.0 | 840.0 | 800.0 | 770.0 | 830.0 | 860.0 | 860.0 | 920.0 | 970.0 | 1,000.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 4,376,623,068.1 | 6,664,309,467.9 | 13,571,220,376.5 | 14,735,304,716.0 | 15,298,598,136.5 | 16,010,175,668.9 | 17,118,607,969.4 | 18,802,562,036.4 | 20,550,441,120.9 | 22,932,514,788.2 | 26,051,195,640.6 | 28,701,163,777.5 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,090.0 | 1,300.0 | 1,820.0 | 1,920.0 | 1,950.0 | 1,990.0 | 2,070.0 | 2,220.0 | 2,370.0 | 2,580.0 | 2,870.0 | 3,080.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | 5.1 | .. | .. | 5.8 | .. | .. | 6.8 | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 54.4 | 54.7 | 58.9 | 59.4 | 59.6 | 60.2 | 60.2 | 60.9 | 61.0 | 61.6 | 61.6 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.1 | 5.3 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 104.3 | 96.3 | 84.9 | 84.6 | 84.1 | 83.3 | 82.4 | 81.6 | 80.8 | 79.7 | 78.3 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 25.7 | 19.9 | .. | .. | 23.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 35.4 | 44.6 | .. | .. | 69.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 147.3 | 119.8 | 78.2 | 75.8 | 73.4 | 71.0 | 68.8 | 66.5 | 64.4 | 62.4 | 60.4 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | 16.1 | .. | .. | 15.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 73.0 | 58.0 | 77.0 | 75.0 | 73.0 | 77.0 | 71.0 | 75.0 | 69.0 | 70.0 | 71.0 | 72.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 35.5 | 66.6 | 83.6 | .. | 93.8 | 92.6 | 90.1 | 86.7 | 87.5 | 88.9 | 89.1 | 90.7 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 91.8 | 113.5 | 124.3 | 128.3 | 124.7 | 123.2 | 121.9 | 122.0 | 123.5 | 121.1 | 122.5 | 120.2 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 20.7 | 32.5 | .. | .. | .. | 61.2 | .. | .. | .. | 64.3 | .. | 65.3 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.6 | 0.7 | .. | .. | .. | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | 0.9 | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.9 | 3.9 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.7 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 13,616.6 | 12,684.6 | 12,270.3 | 12,240.7 | 12,211.1 | 12,181.5 | 12,151.9 | 12,122.3 | 12,092.7 | 12,063.1 | 12,033.5 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 21.8 | 21.8 | 21.8 | 21.8 | 22.1 | 22.1 | 22.1 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 0.9 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.4 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.6 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 315.9 | 410.6 | 441.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 85.8 | 91.2 | 147.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 2,299,665,505.6 | 2,106,848,752.3 | 6,393,318,261.8 | 5,755,461,035.4 | 6,071,170,959.1 | 6,387,422,517.7 | 7,029,300,383.1 | 6,992,700,101.4 | 7,400,284,167.8 | 8,342,243,645.9 | 8,169,476,149.0 | 9,171,261,837.6 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -0.2 | -0.8 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 2.0 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 6.4 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 3.0 | 10.0 | 0.5 | 2.2 | 1.5 | -0.9 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 4.2 | 2.6 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 15.2 | 14.8 | 19.3 | 18.9 | 20.4 | 20.3 | 19.6 | 19.5 | 19.1 | 18.4 | 18.7 | 18.1 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 26.2 | 30.3 | 23.8 | 22.8 | 20.9 | 20.4 | 21.0 | 19.3 | 20.2 | 20.2 | 20.1 | 20.2 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 26.2 | 20.2 | 28.3 | 26.0 | 26.0 | 24.9 | 24.2 | 23.8 | 23.3 | 23.6 | 25.6 | 23.9 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 33.5 | 28.7 | 41.6 | 42.2 | 39.5 | 32.7 | 33.1 | 32.3 | 32.3 | 34.0 | 39.9 | 37.5 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 36.1 | 29.5 | 22.4 | 25.2 | 20.2 | 16.8 | 19.1 | 18.6 | 21.3 | 19.9 | 21.4 | 23.0 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 14.3 | 14.8 | 14.7 | 14.1 | 15.5 | 15.2 | 14.2 | 14.8 | 15.1 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 10.0 | 10.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.5 | 2.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 13.2 | 13.8 | 13.9 | 13.1 | 12.9 | 13.6 | 12.9 | 14.2 | 14.2 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.1 | .. | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 3.1 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 5.4 | 4.0 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 1.0 | 62.0 | 65.0 | 71.9 | 77.3 | 76.4 | 75.7 | 77.2 | 72.4 | 74.2 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.6 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 36.9 | 43.9 | 60.2 | 58.2 | 54.3 | 45.2 | 45.5 | 45.0 | 43.8 | 44.8 | 53.7 | 52.1 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 116.5 | 87.4 | 95.6 | 100.0 | 105.0 | 103.1 | 104.7 | 103.1 | 105.8 | 101.9 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 1,280,414,838.0 | 1,445,960,550.9 | 1,028,174,627.4 | 1,102,550,545.0 | 1,212,279,296.3 | 1,633,496,017.7 | 1,705,123,749.0 | 1,996,025,942.2 | 2,546,250,447.9 | 3,495,265,614.3 | 3,219,578,659.6 | 3,375,209,273.0 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 12.3 | 6.6 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 4.9 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.3 | 8.7 | 11.4 | 11.3 | |
Net migration | 44.0 | 4,715.0 | -1,976.0 | -1,976.0 | -1,979.0 | -1,985.0 | -1,985.0 | -1,985.0 | -986.0 | -986.0 | -1,997.0 | -1,997.0 | |
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