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Population, total | 4,059,195.0 | 5,123,819.0 | 6,090,721.0 | 6,177,950.0 | 6,266,615.0 | 6,355,404.0 | 6,443,328.0 | 6,530,026.0 | 6,618,695.0 | 6,703,799.0 | 6,780,744.0 | 6,861,524.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.7 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.2 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 406,750.0 | 406,750.0 | 406,752.0 | 406,752.0 | 406,752.0 | 406,752.0 | 406,752.0 | 406,752.0 | 406,752.0 | 406,752.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 10.2 | 12.9 | 15.3 | 15.5 | 15.8 | 16.0 | 16.2 | 16.4 | 16.7 | 16.9 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | 27.2 | 26.6 | 28.9 | 26.4 | 24.2 | 23.5 | 26.9 | 26.9 | 24.7 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | 1.2 | .. | 2.4 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 1.3 | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 5,024,084,382.3 | 7,669,839,174.2 | 38,156,835,755.5 | 37,596,664,788.3 | 36,720,320,684.9 | 36,843,967,480.4 | 38,938,699,125.7 | 38,782,939,603.9 | 36,672,864,162.8 | 38,413,518,864.0 | 40,038,668,416.4 | 42,537,624,853.6 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,240.0 | 1,500.0 | 6,260.0 | 6,090.0 | 5,860.0 | 5,800.0 | 6,040.0 | 5,940.0 | 5,540.0 | 5,730.0 | 5,900.0 | 6,200.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 21,038,534,448.3 | 30,935,913,808.4 | 73,557,114,854.7 | 75,028,450,946.5 | 80,254,667,250.5 | 85,525,902,667.3 | 87,728,090,200.2 | 89,370,904,878.7 | 91,262,049,579.4 | 99,405,231,283.5 | 106,831,712,487.2 | 116,016,702,117.1 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 5,180.0 | 6,040.0 | 12,080.0 | 12,140.0 | 12,810.0 | 13,460.0 | 13,620.0 | 13,690.0 | 13,790.0 | 14,830.0 | 15,760.0 | 16,910.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | 5.8 | .. | 4.0 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 5.0 | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 67.9 | 69.8 | 72.9 | 73.2 | 73.5 | 73.6 | 73.6 | 73.6 | 73.2 | 70.3 | 70.5 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.5 | 3.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 100.3 | 80.6 | 76.9 | 76.2 | 75.5 | 73.8 | 73.7 | 72.4 | 71.3 | 70.3 | 69.9 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 48.4 | .. | .. | .. | 68.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 66.0 | 85.0 | 96.4 | 96.3 | 95.5 | 97.3 | 97.7 | 92.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 45.5 | 33.8 | 22.9 | 22.1 | 21.5 | 20.8 | 20.1 | 19.4 | 18.7 | 18.1 | 17.4 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | 2.8 | .. | .. | .. | 1.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 69.0 | 92.0 | 84.0 | 78.0 | 85.0 | 92.0 | 93.0 | 87.0 | 80.0 | 68.0 | 54.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 70.5 | 94.0 | 98.0 | 95.7 | 95.5 | .. | .. | .. | 83.0 | .. | 86.2 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 113.1 | 121.7 | 104.3 | 98.2 | 98.1 | .. | .. | 89.9 | 92.3 | 92.5 | 93.2 | 90.6 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 32.4 | 64.7 | .. | .. | 82.4 | .. | .. | 75.9 | 84.8 | 84.3 | 82.0 | 75.7 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 255,458.6 | 229,916.5 | 179,131.9 | 174,989.4 | 173,331.3 | 169,402.7 | 166,609.3 | 163,816.0 | 161,022.6 | 158,229.3 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 6.5 | 14.3 | 14.3 | 14.3 | 14.3 | 14.3 | 14.3 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 0.4 | 0.4 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | .. | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.2 | 3.1 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 757.0 | 751.6 | 848.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 524.7 | 918.5 | 1,682.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 5,812,114,523.0 | 8,855,705,139.6 | 40,377,929,295.6 | 36,211,447,840.1 | 36,089,700,222.9 | 38,997,129,473.6 | 40,225,448,340.6 | 37,925,338,329.1 | 35,432,178,068.2 | 39,950,899,938.7 | 41,952,910,858.1 | 42,956,263,543.9 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 4.1 | -2.3 | 5.3 | 3.0 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 3.2 | -0.4 | -0.8 | 4.0 | 0.2 | 4.7 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 36.6 | 14.7 | 2.9 | 1.6 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 3.1 | 2.2 | 8.4 | 8.1 | 2.1 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 18.6 | 12.9 | 11.8 | 9.4 | 10.7 | 10.2 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 10.7 | 11.3 | 10.9 | 11.3 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 32.8 | 35.6 | 33.6 | 34.6 | 34.5 | 34.4 | 33.6 | 33.5 | 34.2 | 34.7 | 34.3 | 32.4 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 52.2 | 43.3 | 35.5 | 34.7 | 37.1 | 38.2 | 36.9 | 36.1 | 33.3 | 35.5 | 34.4 | 42.5 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 39.1 | 35.3 | 33.6 | 32.2 | 30.6 | 32.9 | 35.2 | 35.1 | 29.5 | 34.3 | 39.4 | 40.4 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 17.8 | 17.3 | 22.7 | 21.9 | 19.8 | 20.6 | 22.8 | 21.7 | 20.0 | 24.0 | 27.7 | 19.6 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 13.7 | 14.1 | 13.7 | 14.2 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 13.5 | 13.6 | 14.1 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 10.0 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 10.3 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.1 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 16.0 | 119.9 | 120.0 | 119.5 | 117.5 | 115.5 | 118.9 | 118.8 | 119.0 | 127.7 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 6.8 | 6.0 | 7.6 | 6.4 | 9.7 | 7.2 | 5.1 | 7.4 | 10.6 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 39.8 | 50.4 | 54.0 | 51.5 | 50.6 | 52.7 | 55.6 | 54.1 | 52.9 | 60.3 | 61.5 | 65.2 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 81.2 | 78.6 | 98.4 | 100.0 | 100.3 | 99.2 | 96.9 | 93.6 | 124.9 | 145.9 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 2,176,252,017.0 | 3,106,035,613.7 | 17,269,695,329.7 | 17,297,632,892.1 | 17,231,065,429.0 | 17,047,059,548.8 | 17,183,302,979.9 | 17,639,968,576.2 | 20,727,223,299.6 | 22,193,192,181.7 | 24,514,706,328.8 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 8.5 | 9.0 | 21.7 | 15.9 | 10.5 | 12.3 | 16.1 | 10.5 | 9.2 | 8.4 | 14.2 | .. | |
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