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Population, total | 61,558,898.0 | 77,958,223.0 | 101,325,201.0 | 103,031,365.0 | 104,875,266.0 | 106,738,501.0 | 108,568,836.0 | 110,380,804.0 | 112,190,977.0 | 113,880,328.0 | 115,559,009.0 | 117,337,368.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.4 | 2.2 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 300,000.0 | 300,000.0 | 300,000.0 | 300,000.0 | 300,000.0 | 300,000.0 | 300,000.0 | 300,000.0 | 300,000.0 | 300,000.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 206.5 | 261.5 | 339.8 | 345.5 | 351.7 | 358.0 | 364.1 | 370.2 | 376.3 | 381.9 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 23.5 | .. | .. | 16.7 | .. | .. | 18.1 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 14.5 | .. | 6.5 | .. | .. | 3.0 | .. | .. | 3.0 | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 51,230,095,372.0 | 91,937,754,368.8 | 334,247,023,020.6 | 345,550,557,684.5 | 357,904,546,284.7 | 371,432,741,926.4 | 395,267,673,123.9 | 416,217,284,040.4 | 375,814,681,914.0 | 404,198,052,838.2 | 456,996,881,692.9 | 496,166,217,235.8 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 830.0 | 1,180.0 | 3,300.0 | 3,350.0 | 3,410.0 | 3,480.0 | 3,640.0 | 3,770.0 | 3,350.0 | 3,550.0 | 3,950.0 | 4,230.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 161,507,057,349.3 | 293,249,094,180.0 | 774,057,925,359.7 | 809,030,313,771.9 | 875,506,408,874.7 | 933,224,662,156.7 | 1,012,413,782,777.8 | 1,087,837,562,042.8 | 993,342,345,811.4 | 1,037,456,879,371.2 | 1,221,447,685,848.5 | 1,400,619,425,970.0 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 2,620.0 | 3,760.0 | 7,640.0 | 7,850.0 | 8,350.0 | 8,740.0 | 9,330.0 | 9,860.0 | 8,850.0 | 9,110.0 | 10,570.0 | 11,940.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 5.1 | .. | 5.6 | .. | .. | 6.2 | .. | .. | 6.5 | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 65.9 | 69.4 | 71.2 | 71.3 | 71.4 | 71.5 | 71.7 | 71.9 | 72.1 | 69.3 | 72.2 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.4 | 3.7 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 55.2 | 52.4 | 55.2 | 52.7 | 50.8 | 50.2 | 50.1 | 49.6 | 49.2 | 48.2 | 48.1 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 47.0 | .. | .. | .. | 54.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 58.0 | .. | .. | .. | 84.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 56.1 | 36.9 | 28.1 | 27.9 | 27.9 | 27.9 | 28.0 | 28.0 | 28.0 | 27.9 | 27.5 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | 29.9 | .. | .. | 21.4 | .. | .. | 19.0 | 18.9 | .. | 16.7 | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 85.0 | 78.0 | 81.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 78.0 | 77.0 | 75.0 | 72.0 | 57.0 | 69.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 89.2 | .. | 97.6 | .. | .. | 104.4 | 110.9 | 101.0 | 98.1 | 91.1 | 88.0 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 109.7 | 110.6 | 109.7 | 108.7 | 106.2 | 103.2 | 98.1 | 96.0 | 95.8 | 90.6 | 91.9 | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 71.8 | .. | 86.1 | 86.6 | 87.1 | 84.5 | 82.0 | 87.6 | 89.2 | 87.1 | 93.7 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1.0 | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 77,788.1 | 73,092.6 | 69,792.6 | 70,141.5 | 70,490.4 | 70,839.3 | 71,188.1 | 71,537.0 | 71,885.9 | 72,234.8 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.7 | 3.7 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 17.6 | 18.0 | 18.2 | 19.2 | 19.2 | 17.9 | 17.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 466.4 | 513.0 | 470.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 363.0 | 499.6 | 690.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 50,508,286,641.6 | 83,669,788,254.7 | 297,483,555,344.8 | 306,445,871,246.7 | 318,627,003,012.5 | 328,480,736,798.8 | 346,841,896,583.5 | 376,823,402,244.9 | 361,751,145,451.6 | 394,087,359,848.1 | 404,353,369,604.6 | 437,146,372,729.9 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 3.1 | 4.4 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 6.3 | 6.1 | -9.5 | 5.7 | 7.6 | 5.5 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 13.0 | 5.8 | 3.1 | -0.7 | 1.3 | 2.3 | 3.7 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 2.3 | 5.5 | 4.6 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 19.2 | 13.9 | 12.3 | 11.0 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 9.7 | 8.8 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 9.6 | 9.4 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 38.2 | 35.0 | 31.0 | 30.5 | 30.3 | 30.1 | 30.6 | 30.3 | 28.4 | 28.9 | 29.2 | 28.2 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 19.4 | 43.3 | 27.4 | 27.2 | 26.7 | 29.6 | 30.2 | 28.4 | 25.2 | 25.8 | 28.4 | 26.7 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 23.5 | 41.8 | 30.1 | 31.9 | 35.1 | 38.6 | 41.9 | 40.5 | 33.0 | 37.7 | 44.0 | 40.7 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 23.3 | 15.7 | 20.9 | 21.3 | 24.6 | 25.6 | 27.2 | 26.4 | 17.4 | 21.1 | 24.7 | 23.3 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 14.2 | 14.0 | 14.4 | 14.7 | 14.5 | 14.9 | 15.5 | 16.1 | 15.9 | 15.5 | 16.1 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 26.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 39.0 | 34.0 | 33.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 82.3 | 82.9 | 86.5 | 100.3 | 100.8 | 98.6 | 99.3 | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 12.4 | 12.4 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.1 | 13.6 | 14.0 | 14.5 | 14.0 | 14.1 | 14.6 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.1 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.0 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 8.3 | 109.9 | 114.4 | 114.5 | 112.4 | 124.0 | 151.6 | 133.3 | 143.4 | 144.0 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 60.3 | 61.3 | 62.2 | 67.0 | 64.2 | 66.6 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 41.8 | 89.8 | 44.0 | 43.6 | 44.6 | 51.9 | 52.6 | 48.6 | 42.7 | 50.5 | 55.6 | 47.1 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 106.3 | 121.7 | 93.4 | 100.0 | 104.3 | 99.1 | 96.3 | 98.1 | 100.5 | 95.8 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 30,579,850,826.6 | 58,441,426,798.4 | 77,164,821,039.4 | 76,266,262,181.2 | 74,747,741,448.4 | 73,108,188,466.5 | 78,989,513,051.7 | 83,643,882,832.2 | 98,498,410,045.2 | 106,447,841,327.1 | 111,216,881,400.8 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 27.6 | 22.9 | 9.0 | 12.9 | 13.2 | 11.5 | 8.6 | 9.8 | 10.1 | 12.2 | 8.0 | .. | |
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