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Population, total | 115,414,069.0 | 154,369,924.0 | 208,251,628.0 | 210,969,298.0 | 213,524,840.0 | 216,379,655.0 | 219,731,479.0 | 223,293,280.0 | 227,196,741.0 | 231,402,117.0 | 235,824,862.0 | 240,485,658.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 3.3 | 3.1 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.0 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 149.7 | 200.3 | 270.1 | 273.7 | 277.0 | 280.7 | 285.0 | 289.7 | 294.7 | 300.2 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 24.3 | .. | .. | 21.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | 65.1 | .. | .. | 5.1 | .. | .. | 4.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 42,545,192,073.4 | 72,913,993,116.7 | 267,580,609,363.2 | 279,057,636,265.8 | 299,994,115,109.9 | 323,244,061,611.3 | 353,575,600,973.6 | 349,835,987,639.0 | 321,895,545,822.0 | 340,951,455,392.4 | 369,102,121,991.3 | 360,729,337,332.7 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 370.0 | 470.0 | 1,280.0 | 1,320.0 | 1,400.0 | 1,490.0 | 1,610.0 | 1,570.0 | 1,420.0 | 1,470.0 | 1,570.0 | 1,500.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 216,842,168,014.5 | 389,228,935,492.0 | 910,654,119,428.1 | 958,594,455,887.1 | 1,002,030,923,785.3 | 1,053,571,682,444.4 | 1,112,712,584,866.3 | 1,142,342,134,518.6 | 1,164,737,809,098.6 | 1,269,115,520,015.6 | 1,421,254,274,650.5 | 1,468,453,316,388.5 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,880.0 | 2,520.0 | 4,370.0 | 4,540.0 | 4,690.0 | 4,870.0 | 5,060.0 | 5,120.0 | 5,130.0 | 5,480.0 | 6,030.0 | 6,110.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | 8.1 | .. | .. | 9.3 | .. | .. | 9.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 60.1 | 62.1 | 65.3 | 65.7 | 65.9 | 66.3 | 66.5 | 66.8 | 66.3 | 66.1 | 66.4 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.4 | 5.3 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.4 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 100.5 | 74.7 | 49.0 | 47.6 | 46.7 | 45.8 | 44.9 | 43.9 | 43.2 | 42.3 | 41.2 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | 32.0 | .. | .. | .. | 34.2 | 34.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | .. | 59.0 | .. | .. | 69.3 | 73.7 | 68.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 139.7 | 108.1 | 78.4 | 76.1 | 73.8 | 71.6 | 69.4 | 67.3 | 65.1 | 63.0 | 61.0 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 23.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 50.0 | 57.0 | 71.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 76.0 | 79.0 | 81.0 | 83.0 | 81.0 | 82.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | .. | 56.9 | .. | 57.8 | .. | 62.1 | 63.5 | .. | 68.2 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 52.8 | 63.5 | 74.3 | 74.8 | 79.8 | 78.8 | 82.0 | 83.2 | .. | 84.4 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 20.7 | .. | 33.2 | 35.2 | 36.4 | 35.9 | 37.7 | 39.6 | .. | 41.9 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.5 | .. | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 49,867.9 | 45,112.6 | 39,648.3 | 39,326.0 | 38,682.4 | 38,499.2 | 38,085.8 | 37,672.4 | 37,259.0 | 36,845.6 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 282.7 | 313.7 | 354.3 | 358.0 | 363.2 | 363.6 | 350.4 | 322.0 | 344.7 | .. | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.1 | 3.7 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.8 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 371.7 | 415.0 | 431.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 258.8 | 334.2 | 419.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 40,010,423,970.5 | 99,484,802,344.5 | 271,390,474,857.6 | 299,963,590,534.8 | 313,630,000,130.4 | 339,205,534,861.1 | 356,128,166,704.9 | 320,909,472,770.7 | 300,425,609,818.0 | 348,516,647,445.1 | 374,787,958,882.3 | 338,368,455,317.9 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 6.6 | 4.4 | 6.2 | 2.5 | -1.3 | 6.5 | 4.8 | 0.0 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 6.5 | 68.0 | 7.2 | 4.4 | 0.9 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 9.0 | 9.9 | 10.3 | 13.9 | 26.2 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 23.1 | 25.4 | 23.5 | 23.3 | 22.3 | 22.0 | 21.7 | 20.7 | 21.9 | 22.7 | 22.3 | 23.4 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 22.3 | 17.2 | 20.9 | 19.6 | 18.2 | 18.1 | 18.6 | 19.6 | 18.6 | 18.9 | 20.4 | 20.8 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 14.8 | 9.6 | 11.2 | 10.0 | 8.7 | 8.2 | 8.6 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.1 | 10.5 | 10.4 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 20.2 | 11.8 | 18.3 | 16.7 | 16.0 | 17.3 | 19.0 | 19.5 | 17.4 | 18.0 | 22.5 | 17.7 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 18.9 | 16.3 | 14.9 | 15.8 | 15.9 | 16.3 | 17.1 | 15.5 | 14.8 | 14.5 | 15.4 | 13.7 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | 10.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 19.5 | 16.5 | 16.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | 7.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 6.5 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.6 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.2 | 65.2 | 59.7 | 63.9 | 66.8 | 70.1 | 74.1 | 77.3 | 81.6 | 81.7 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 1.4 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.4 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 32.4 | 20.0 | 26.6 | 22.1 | 21.4 | 23.4 | 23.4 | 23.0 | 22.6 | 28.9 | 27.1 | 23.3 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 218.2 | 200.7 | 96.4 | 100.0 | 106.3 | 105.5 | 104.6 | 108.6 | 113.6 | 107.6 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 20,663,375,831.9 | 33,109,821,460.0 | 64,359,863,497.7 | 68,749,830,505.4 | 75,206,431,382.3 | 93,158,143,047.2 | 100,199,117,658.0 | 110,177,707,176.5 | 118,049,163,002.6 | 130,872,548,059.3 | 126,942,238,476.9 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 27.2 | 28.4 | 15.6 | 14.1 | 15.8 | 22.5 | 19.4 | 35.6 | 38.4 | 33.9 | 42.0 | .. | |
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