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Population, total | 9,545,852.0 | 11,315,942.0 | 16,621,538.0 | 17,085,587.0 | 17,557,739.0 | 18,039,715.0 | 18,528,081.0 | 19,025,752.0 | 19,533,888.0 | 20,047,258.0 | 20,568,728.0 | 21,104,482.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 3.9 | 2.4 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 118,480.0 | 118,480.0 | 118,480.0 | 118,480.0 | 118,480.0 | 118,480.0 | 118,480.0 | 118,480.0 | 118,480.0 | 118,480.0 | 118,480.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 101.3 | 120.0 | 176.3 | 181.2 | 186.2 | 191.3 | 196.5 | 201.8 | 207.2 | 212.6 | 218.2 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 51.5 | .. | .. | 50.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 65.7 | .. | .. | 70.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,566,803,401.8 | 2,582,364,846.0 | 8,842,541,536.0 | 8,650,763,174.0 | 8,632,391,151.6 | 8,608,398,367.8 | 9,050,492,258.7 | 10,365,485,408.5 | 10,953,976,241.0 | 12,101,988,705.9 | 12,617,558,887.2 | 12,628,307,005.0 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 270.0 | 230.0 | 530.0 | 510.0 | 490.0 | 480.0 | 490.0 | 540.0 | 560.0 | 600.0 | 610.0 | 600.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 6,410,072,363.0 | 10,967,988,710.9 | 24,567,360,225.6 | 23,401,060,114.6 | 24,683,438,880.4 | 24,319,524,417.2 | 24,447,114,084.0 | 26,922,512,817.7 | 28,736,972,626.2 | 32,815,116,977.1 | 35,475,438,504.7 | 37,508,259,266.6 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 670.0 | 970.0 | 1,480.0 | 1,370.0 | 1,410.0 | 1,350.0 | 1,320.0 | 1,420.0 | 1,470.0 | 1,640.0 | 1,720.0 | 1,780.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | 6.4 | .. | .. | 7.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 43.3 | 44.5 | 60.9 | 61.4 | 62.2 | 63.0 | 63.3 | 64.1 | 63.7 | 62.9 | 62.9 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.8 | 6.0 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.8 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 155.1 | 154.7 | 132.1 | 128.2 | 125.1 | 123.5 | 122.4 | 120.6 | 118.8 | 116.5 | 115.0 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 30.6 | 58.6 | .. | 59.2 | .. | .. | .. | 65.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 55.6 | 87.4 | .. | 89.8 | .. | .. | .. | 96.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 243.0 | 173.4 | 59.6 | 56.4 | 53.2 | 50.4 | 47.6 | 45.4 | 43.2 | 41.4 | 40.1 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 21.5 | 16.7 | 11.8 | 14.6 | 12.3 | 11.5 | 10.8 | 12.8 | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 81.0 | 73.0 | 85.0 | 87.0 | 81.0 | 83.0 | 87.0 | 92.0 | 90.0 | 90.0 | 82.0 | 87.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 29.8 | 67.0 | 76.8 | .. | 35.6 | .. | .. | 76.3 | .. | 70.5 | 73.9 | 68.5 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 70.7 | 145.6 | 139.1 | 138.3 | 137.1 | 139.0 | 136.8 | 139.6 | 136.8 | 127.2 | 126.4 | 135.4 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 17.2 | 31.2 | 40.1 | 40.2 | 38.2 | 38.5 | 38.5 | 35.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 8.3 | 14.6 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.1 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 7.9 | 7.5 | 7.1 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 35,017.0 | 30,817.0 | 24,937.0 | 24,517.0 | 24,097.0 | 23,677.0 | 23,257.0 | 22,837.0 | 22,417.0 | 21,997.0 | 21,577.0 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 16.9 | 22.9 | 22.9 | 22.9 | 22.9 | 22.9 | 22.9 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 7.7 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 6.7 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.2 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 2,737,087,861.6 | 2,537,307,580.3 | 8,801,326,169.1 | 9,219,474,379.3 | 7,909,868,618.5 | 8,943,543,793.6 | 9,879,231,591.5 | 11,051,865,579.8 | 11,769,313,597.9 | 12,378,129,751.0 | 12,429,060,150.7 | 12,712,150,082.1 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 5.7 | 1.6 | 5.6 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 4.0 | 4.4 | 5.7 | 0.8 | 4.6 | 0.9 | 1.9 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 10.7 | 30.5 | 21.0 | 19.8 | 20.3 | 10.6 | 6.2 | 7.7 | 6.2 | 8.2 | 17.2 | 22.8 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 32.0 | 29.7 | 23.9 | 23.0 | 22.2 | 22.9 | 21.6 | 22.9 | 25.0 | 25.5 | 27.6 | 30.4 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 29.1 | 19.0 | 17.3 | 17.6 | 17.7 | 17.7 | 18.4 | 18.5 | 19.1 | 18.4 | 16.9 | 15.3 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 11.8 | 11.5 | 11.2 | 13.1 | 13.0 | 12.4 | 12.9 | 12.3 | 14.1 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 38.0 | 38.0 | 37.0 | 37.0 | 37.0 | 37.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | 13.5 | 8.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 10.9 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.0 | 12.1 | 11.6 | 13.5 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.3 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.4 | 34.2 | 38.8 | 41.2 | 43.5 | 38.5 | 47.2 | 51.6 | 60.0 | 60.1 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 4.1 | 1.3 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 6.8 | 2.8 | 6.1 | 2.3 | 5.3 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 36.2 | 35.9 | 47.4 | 36.2 | 41.4 | 37.9 | 35.7 | 34.3 | 29.3 | 33.0 | 20.0 | 32.3 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 137.8 | 93.0 | 90.1 | 100.0 | 105.7 | 102.9 | 97.4 | 94.3 | 92.8 | 90.4 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 1,558,240,456.5 | 2,716,150,630.5 | 1,666,540,756.6 | 1,721,202,630.8 | 1,847,005,075.2 | 2,162,398,106.2 | 2,265,713,574.3 | 2,427,416,965.7 | 2,943,281,966.5 | 3,197,891,254.0 | 3,340,065,801.7 | 3,604,446,499.1 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 29.3 | 13.5 | 4.1 | 5.5 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 7.2 | 6.7 | 7.4 | 6.8 | 9.2 | 9.7 | |
Net migration | 71,111.0 | -28,098.0 | -10,317.0 | -6,471.0 | 3,505.0 | 982.0 | -3,267.0 | -1,837.0 | -2,655.0 | -2,666.0 | -5,231.0 | -5,811.0 | |
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