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Population, total | 2,006,027.0 | 2,695,003.0 | 3,742,959.0 | 3,843,174.0 | 3,946,220.0 | 4,051,890.0 | 4,160,015.0 | 4,270,712.0 | 4,383,849.0 | 4,498,604.0 | 4,614,974.0 | 4,736,139.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | 1,030,700.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 1.9 | 2.6 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.5 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 34.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 31.8 | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 21.5 | .. | 6.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,483,232,538.3 | 1,907,497,249.1 | 7,074,882,383.4 | 6,866,398,329.2 | 6,650,495,098.9 | 6,300,891,367.4 | 6,541,181,948.9 | 7,293,358,969.1 | 7,850,687,507.1 | 8,058,412,177.8 | 9,020,883,692.0 | 10,250,919,060.8 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 740.0 | 710.0 | 1,890.0 | 1,790.0 | 1,690.0 | 1,560.0 | 1,570.0 | 1,710.0 | 1,790.0 | 1,790.0 | 1,950.0 | 2,160.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 5,193,361,094.1 | 8,053,334,196.2 | 16,624,623,434.4 | 16,238,197,197.5 | 16,498,775,890.9 | 19,213,075,021.3 | 21,566,799,196.7 | 23,352,094,972.4 | 24,859,406,591.4 | 24,931,060,100.1 | 26,632,556,301.7 | 29,967,398,608.1 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 2,590.0 | 2,990.0 | 4,440.0 | 4,230.0 | 4,180.0 | 4,740.0 | 5,180.0 | 5,470.0 | 5,670.0 | 5,540.0 | 5,770.0 | 6,330.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 6.2 | .. | 7.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 59.8 | 61.0 | 63.9 | 64.2 | 64.5 | 64.8 | 65.1 | 65.3 | 65.7 | 64.5 | 64.4 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.1 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 114.4 | 92.4 | 85.9 | 83.8 | 83.1 | 82.4 | 81.0 | 80.5 | 79.5 | 78.9 | 78.0 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 17.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 11.5 | 14.3 | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 69.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 70.4 | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 117.2 | 98.8 | 51.9 | 50.5 | 48.9 | 47.4 | 46.0 | 44.6 | 43.2 | 41.8 | 40.5 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 29.7 | .. | .. | 24.9 | .. | .. | 19.2 | 17.3 | 16.8 | 14.8 | 22.4 | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 38.0 | 46.0 | 80.0 | 75.0 | 70.0 | 73.0 | 75.0 | 78.0 | 75.0 | 70.0 | 63.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 28.6 | .. | 72.6 | 69.7 | 70.4 | .. | 69.7 | 76.1 | 72.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 46.1 | 83.0 | 99.0 | 100.4 | 104.5 | 96.8 | 96.7 | 99.9 | 100.4 | 94.3 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 13.3 | 17.8 | 30.1 | 30.7 | 31.4 | 32.7 | 32.6 | 36.8 | 39.4 | 38.2 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 4,760.4 | 4,216.4 | 3,509.2 | 3,454.8 | 3,400.4 | 3,346.0 | 3,292.0 | 3,237.0 | 3,183.0 | 3,128.0 | 3,073.7 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 404.3 | 399.8 | 337.1 | 337.1 | 337.1 | 337.1 | 337.1 | 337.1 | 337.1 | 337.1 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.3 | 2.5 | 4.8 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 1,506,914,407.8 | 1,779,520,861.6 | 7,223,071,177.2 | 6,592,537,781.8 | 6,166,863,960.0 | 6,398,741,855.8 | 6,800,138,755.3 | 7,473,550,557.1 | 8,066,118,984.3 | 8,405,498,735.7 | 9,996,240,418.7 | 10,375,460,680.4 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -1.8 | -3.9 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 5.4 | 1.3 | 6.3 | 4.8 | 5.3 | -0.9 | 2.4 | 5.2 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 2.6 | 6.4 | 4.5 | -11.9 | -4.8 | 11.2 | 1.6 | 4.6 | 5.4 | 6.6 | 12.6 | 1.0 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 21.9 | 24.8 | 16.3 | 18.8 | 20.6 | 21.7 | 22.7 | 23.7 | 21.7 | 19.6 | 18.6 | 19.2 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 28.8 | 30.0 | 38.6 | 28.4 | 22.7 | 25.2 | 23.7 | 23.6 | 27.8 | 32.4 | 32.9 | 34.7 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 36.2 | 25.5 | 45.5 | 37.4 | 30.2 | 33.9 | 34.5 | 36.6 | 41.6 | 40.7 | 39.5 | 46.5 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 41.9 | 33.4 | 56.9 | 54.2 | 47.2 | 39.2 | 44.3 | 52.6 | 54.6 | 54.0 | 60.9 | 77.7 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 14.0 | 11.3 | 47.6 | 41.8 | 38.5 | 31.3 | 37.9 | 46.4 | 46.9 | 46.8 | 57.2 | 66.5 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 19.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.8 | 2.9 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.6 | 106.6 | 97.7 | 92.4 | 89.2 | 97.9 | 106.9 | 107.5 | 129.1 | 141.1 | 113.1 | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.0 | .. | .. | 0.0 | 2.0 | .. | .. | |
Statistical Capacity Score (Overall Average) (scale 0 - 100) | .. | .. | 60.0 | 58.9 | 66.7 | 58.9 | 56.7 | 61.1 | 54.4 | 61.1 | .. | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 56.9 | 45.5 | 89.2 | 87.7 | 89.8 | 59.3 | 81.0 | 70.0 | 71.7 | 66.3 | 71.3 | 75.1 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 74.7 | 76.7 | 121.9 | 108.9 | 100.0 | 104.5 | 111.7 | 106.9 | 122.6 | 136.4 | 151.7 | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 2,109,426,965.7 | 2,344,637,631.9 | 4,522,468,781.5 | 4,531,578,245.3 | 4,993,494,071.2 | 5,080,228,847.5 | 5,241,041,040.5 | 5,225,505,427.4 | 5,369,750,057.0 | 5,714,232,235.4 | 4,818,826,891.6 | .. | |
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