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Population, total | 13,303,459.0 | 17,768,505.0 | 25,251,731.0 | 26,038,704.0 | 26,843,246.0 | 27,696,493.0 | 28,569,441.0 | 29,423,878.0 | 30,285,595.0 | 31,178,239.0 | 32,077,072.0 | 32,969,518.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 1.6 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.7 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 799,380.0 | 799,380.0 | 799,380.0 | 799,380.0 | 799,380.0 | 799,380.0 | 799,380.0 | 799,380.0 | 799,380.0 | 799,380.0 | 799,380.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 16.9 | 22.6 | 32.1 | 33.1 | 34.1 | 35.2 | 36.3 | 37.4 | 38.5 | 39.6 | 40.8 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 46.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 64.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 74.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | 5,660,248,278.5 | 17,099,859,901.9 | 18,071,495,303.9 | 17,393,586,314.2 | 14,827,048,860.8 | 13,377,700,585.4 | 13,635,491,038.0 | 14,826,077,326.7 | 14,656,933,607.5 | 15,385,919,083.9 | 16,465,670,579.3 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | 320.0 | 680.0 | 690.0 | 650.0 | 540.0 | 470.0 | 460.0 | 490.0 | 470.0 | 480.0 | 500.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | .. | 8,173,580,589.4 | 27,637,286,756.5 | 29,600,088,338.2 | 34,261,446,171.9 | 37,202,263,213.3 | 35,713,824,096.3 | 38,198,208,220.3 | 39,839,588,932.2 | 39,787,606,231.6 | 42,486,896,699.0 | 46,429,369,481.5 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | .. | 460.0 | 1,090.0 | 1,140.0 | 1,280.0 | 1,340.0 | 1,250.0 | 1,300.0 | 1,320.0 | 1,280.0 | 1,320.0 | 1,410.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | 4.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 4.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 44.5 | 49.5 | 56.5 | 57.3 | 58.2 | 59.0 | 59.8 | 60.5 | 61.2 | 61.2 | 59.3 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.2 | 5.8 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.6 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 159.3 | 168.6 | 176.7 | 176.1 | 174.1 | 173.0 | 172.7 | 171.0 | 168.9 | 168.1 | 165.8 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 27.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 73.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 245.7 | 170.7 | 92.1 | 88.3 | 84.0 | 80.8 | 78.4 | 76.3 | 73.5 | 71.6 | 69.6 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 15.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 14.8 | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 59.0 | 71.0 | 86.0 | 87.0 | 87.0 | 87.0 | 87.0 | 87.0 | 87.0 | 81.0 | 84.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 28.1 | 16.6 | 49.5 | 48.8 | 49.0 | .. | 47.1 | 52.0 | 54.7 | 58.2 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 66.2 | 76.2 | 107.9 | 107.6 | 108.6 | 108.6 | 107.8 | 112.6 | 116.4 | 118.4 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 7.3 | 6.2 | 34.1 | 33.4 | 33.6 | 26.8 | 35.4 | 28.9 | 30.3 | 39.0 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 433,780.0 | 411,880.0 | 383,528.6 | 381,464.3 | 379,400.0 | 376,282.9 | 374,066.0 | 372,241.7 | 369,661.1 | 367,437.6 | 364,976.0 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 18.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 0.6 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 7.6 | 3.1 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.2 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 445.1 | 403.7 | 432.9 | 446.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 41.2 | 125.2 | 456.6 | 483.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | .. | 5,656,473,652.4 | 16,974,314,296.2 | 17,716,091,057.3 | 15,950,979,333.2 | 11,936,993,087.0 | 13,219,079,497.7 | 14,845,400,592.7 | 15,390,031,040.0 | 14,156,864,916.5 | 15,776,757,419.5 | 17,851,491,427.7 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 1.0 | 1.2 | 7.0 | 7.4 | 6.7 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 2.3 | -1.2 | 2.3 | 4.1 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | .. | 11.5 | 3.0 | 1.2 | 7.6 | 13.7 | 7.6 | 3.0 | 5.1 | 3.4 | 2.6 | 6.0 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | .. | 19.1 | 23.5 | 23.9 | 22.9 | 22.9 | 25.0 | 24.6 | 24.2 | 26.0 | 27.5 | .. | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | 17.9 | 16.3 | 17.3 | 18.1 | 20.4 | 24.0 | 25.3 | 23.7 | 21.4 | 21.9 | .. | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | 11.2 | 26.7 | 31.3 | 31.1 | 33.5 | 38.6 | 44.9 | 32.3 | 29.3 | 31.4 | .. | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | 34.9 | 76.4 | 80.2 | 62.8 | 72.1 | 61.1 | 82.3 | 79.7 | 65.7 | 68.8 | .. | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | .. | 37.7 | 54.0 | 52.9 | 41.2 | 46.6 | 33.2 | 50.0 | 60.1 | 57.3 | 49.8 | .. | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 24.3 | 27.6 | 24.4 | 21.6 | 24.0 | 23.3 | 28.7 | 22.8 | 25.7 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 21.0 | 21.0 | 21.0 | 21.0 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 17.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 21.8 | 24.3 | 20.3 | 20.3 | 22.2 | 21.4 | 26.9 | 21.6 | 23.3 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 5.9 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.5 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.3 | 49.1 | 71.0 | 75.0 | 54.3 | 41.6 | 47.8 | 48.8 | 49.6 | 42.7 | 42.1 | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 13.6 | 5.7 | 11.7 | 1.6 | 11.9 | 5.6 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | |
Statistical Capacity Score (Overall Average) (scale 0 - 100) | .. | .. | 77.8 | 74.4 | 72.2 | 71.1 | 68.9 | 64.4 | 64.4 | 62.2 | .. | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | .. | 26.9 | 83.2 | 74.3 | 73.6 | 71.5 | 79.2 | 80.5 | 78.6 | 71.1 | 90.0 | 96.2 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 198.9 | 113.7 | 102.0 | 102.6 | 100.0 | 100.6 | 112.5 | 114.8 | 106.9 | 99.4 | 128.8 | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 4,632,754,632.8 | 6,680,672,905.4 | 29,464,601,013.6 | 34,977,265,631.2 | 38,479,684,337.3 | 43,219,246,791.7 | 46,335,215,373.9 | 50,219,274,799.7 | 54,658,772,612.5 | 59,054,202,258.0 | 62,819,106,443.1 | .. | |
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