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| Population, total | 2,098,710.0 | 2,388,299.0 | 3,088,856.0 | 3,148,917.0 | 3,208,189.0 | 3,267,673.0 | 3,327,204.0 | 3,383,741.0 | 3,433,748.0 | 3,481,145.0 | 3,524,788.0 | .. | |
| Population growth (annual %) | -1.2 | 1.3 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.2 | .. | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 1,564,120.0 | 1,564,120.0 | 1,564,120.0 | 1,564,116.0 | 1,564,116.0 | 1,564,116.0 | 1,564,115.7 | 1,564,116.0 | 1,564,120.0 | 1,564,115.8 | .. | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 1.4 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | 29.6 | .. | 28.4 | .. | 27.8 | .. | 27.1 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | 1.9 | .. | 1.7 | .. | .. | .. | 0.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 3,133,639,408.4 | 1,115,885,938.2 | 10,678,416,260.5 | 10,075,849,819.3 | 11,706,074,335.4 | 12,413,802,372.7 | 12,271,274,244.9 | 12,474,522,178.2 | 14,888,009,092.2 | 16,956,242,137.4 | 18,976,224,552.8 | .. | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,490.0 | 470.0 | 3,460.0 | 3,200.0 | 3,650.0 | 3,800.0 | 3,690.0 | 3,690.0 | 4,340.0 | 4,870.0 | 5,380.0 | .. | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 7,177,690,853.7 | 8,890,671,237.2 | 29,793,059,762.5 | 30,044,557,486.5 | 35,815,075,204.3 | 39,537,294,298.9 | 41,248,123,941.6 | 42,745,618,822.8 | 50,928,250,872.2 | 55,803,492,474.3 | 59,910,784,096.1 | .. | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 3,420.0 | 3,720.0 | 9,650.0 | 9,540.0 | 11,160.0 | 12,100.0 | 12,400.0 | 12,630.0 | 14,830.0 | 16,030.0 | 17,000.0 | .. | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | 8.0 | .. | 7.9 | .. | .. | .. | 8.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 58.8 | 63.2 | 70.2 | 70.5 | 70.8 | 71.1 | 71.3 | 71.6 | 71.9 | 72.1 | .. | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.5 | 2.2 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | .. | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 36.2 | 27.8 | 32.5 | 32.0 | 31.0 | 29.7 | 26.1 | 22.4 | 20.5 | 19.7 | .. | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 67.4 | .. | .. | 48.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 96.6 | .. | .. | 99.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 106.5 | 62.9 | 18.4 | 17.4 | 16.4 | 15.6 | 14.8 | 14.3 | 13.9 | 13.6 | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 11.6 | 0.8 | .. | 1.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.9 | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 92.0 | 92.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 99.0 | 98.0 | 97.0 | 95.0 | 94.0 | 96.0 | 96.0 | .. | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 86.9 | 93.2 | 90.2 | 97.5 | 99.1 | 95.2 | 83.7 | 96.1 | 94.1 | 93.5 | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 101.1 | 99.8 | 97.3 | 94.5 | 95.1 | 94.1 | 92.3 | 92.0 | 93.3 | 93.1 | 92.3 | .. | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 88.4 | 62.4 | .. | .. | 91.3 | 88.7 | 95.4 | 98.3 | 93.6 | 96.8 | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 1.1 | .. | .. | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | .. | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 143,520.0 | 142,639.0 | 141,772.2 | 141,761.1 | 141,750.0 | 141,738.9 | 141,727.8 | 141,716.7 | 141,710.0 | 141,694.5 | .. | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 17.4 | 17.7 | 17.7 | 17.7 | 19.8 | 19.8 | 19.8 | 19.8 | 19.8 | .. | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | -1.2 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 3.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.0 | .. | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 1,631.6 | 979.3 | 1,588.3 | 1,603.8 | 1,772.5 | 2,018.3 | 1,771.6 | 1,923.7 | 1,890.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 1,550.0 | 1,057.7 | 2,026.6 | 2,148.4 | 2,275.1 | 2,358.9 | 2,189.5 | 2,427.5 | 2,545.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 2,560,785,660.0 | 1,136,896,123.6 | 11,181,350,649.4 | 11,480,847,740.7 | 13,178,094,720.5 | 14,206,359,017.5 | 13,312,981,429.1 | 15,286,441,737.7 | 17,146,471,713.7 | 20,325,121,393.9 | 23,794,540,024.5 | .. | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | -3.2 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 5.6 | 7.7 | 5.6 | -4.6 | 1.6 | 5.0 | 7.4 | 5.1 | .. | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 23.2 | 12.0 | 3.0 | 10.8 | 8.0 | 10.0 | 3.7 | 14.4 | 17.7 | 21.8 | 8.9 | .. | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 12.5 | 27.4 | 12.6 | 11.1 | 11.4 | 11.6 | 13.0 | 13.2 | 13.0 | 9.9 | 7.3 | .. | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 41.2 | 22.2 | 33.2 | 37.4 | 38.0 | 38.1 | 37.0 | 37.1 | 35.3 | 39.5 | 38.1 | .. | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 18.3 | 54.0 | 50.9 | 59.2 | 58.2 | 59.2 | 57.7 | 58.5 | 65.1 | 76.3 | 68.7 | .. | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 40.3 | 67.9 | 50.2 | 56.8 | 68.2 | 65.2 | 55.2 | 60.5 | 71.3 | 66.6 | 69.7 | .. | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 29.1 | 29.0 | 22.6 | 27.4 | 39.4 | 35.6 | 22.4 | 36.7 | 42.3 | 33.9 | 35.5 | .. | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | 24.4 | 21.1 | 24.8 | 28.5 | 30.7 | 29.2 | 29.0 | 29.8 | 28.9 | 31.6 | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | 13.9 | 11.4 | 13.5 | 16.7 | 16.9 | 14.1 | 16.9 | 15.8 | 14.3 | 16.9 | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 4.3 | 2.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | .. | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 6.3 | 110.7 | 125.2 | 133.3 | 136.7 | 132.6 | 140.4 | 142.8 | 141.1 | .. | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 16.5 | 3.5 | 5.0 | 18.9 | 3.0 | 22.0 | 30.8 | 22.5 | .. | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 61.9 | 101.2 | 74.0 | 91.8 | 97.8 | 96.8 | 96.7 | 105.2 | 123.9 | 120.2 | 115.1 | .. | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 66.4 | 99.8 | 114.6 | 117.9 | 105.5 | 108.1 | 134.2 | 148.5 | 110.3 | .. | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | 959,974,419.2 | 26,419,310,479.1 | 29,736,206,992.6 | 31,615,438,487.9 | 33,307,361,024.1 | 32,634,584,659.2 | 34,962,629,978.3 | 33,701,162,514.4 | 35,039,286,449.3 | 38,016,581,521.2 | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | 6.6 | 25.7 | 53.8 | 96.5 | 127.6 | 33.3 | 29.0 | 35.3 | 31.6 | 32.0 | .. | |
| Net migration | -11,881.0 | -11,241.0 | 5,633.0 | 6,831.0 | 7,811.0 | 8,660.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 83.0 | 79.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | .. | 1,101,304.3 | 259,876,359.2 | 273,364,998.1 | 440,554,140.3 | 560,930,420.4 | 548,833,335.4 | 471,162,099.4 | 399,224,608.1 | 455,273,508.0 | 527,686,176.9 | .. | |
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