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Population, total | 8,945,026.0 | 11,239,101.0 | 17,551,814.0 | 18,112,907.0 | 18,700,106.0 | 19,311,355.0 | 19,934,298.0 | 20,567,424.0 | 21,224,040.0 | 21,904,983.0 | 22,593,590.0 | 23,293,698.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 1.9 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | 1,240,190.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 7.3 | 9.2 | 14.4 | 14.8 | 15.3 | 15.8 | 16.3 | 16.9 | 17.4 | 18.0 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | 46.9 | 47.2 | 46.8 | 44.9 | 43.8 | 42.3 | 41.9 | 44.6 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 15.2 | .. | .. | 20.8 | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,435,035,266.4 | 3,106,499,830.8 | 13,712,624,503.5 | 13,887,598,306.6 | 13,954,289,057.1 | 14,186,516,787.3 | 15,906,291,517.1 | 16,927,568,969.9 | 16,869,985,995.3 | 17,975,826,242.9 | 19,142,196,146.9 | 20,055,593,624.3 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 270.0 | 280.0 | 780.0 | 770.0 | 750.0 | 730.0 | 800.0 | 820.0 | 790.0 | 820.0 | 850.0 | 860.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 6,755,374,825.7 | 12,280,289,583.7 | 32,222,920,810.2 | 35,613,129,170.2 | 39,614,846,855.4 | 41,932,518,583.4 | 44,617,067,273.0 | 48,116,635,265.1 | 47,792,963,685.7 | 50,137,201,071.7 | 55,790,396,813.4 | 60,568,150,012.1 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 760.0 | 1,090.0 | 1,840.0 | 1,970.0 | 2,120.0 | 2,170.0 | 2,240.0 | 2,340.0 | 2,250.0 | 2,290.0 | 2,470.0 | 2,600.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.5 | .. | .. | 7.6 | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 46.6 | 50.5 | 57.9 | 58.4 | 58.7 | 59.1 | 59.4 | 59.7 | 58.6 | 58.9 | 59.4 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 7.3 | 6.9 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.9 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 165.4 | 182.2 | 164.3 | 163.3 | 160.8 | 159.1 | 156.6 | 153.8 | 152.2 | 150.1 | 147.7 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | 15.6 | .. | .. | 17.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | .. | 43.7 | .. | .. | 67.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 230.8 | 187.6 | 118.8 | 115.3 | 112.0 | 108.9 | 105.8 | 102.7 | 99.7 | 96.7 | 93.8 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | 24.1 | 25.0 | 20.2 | 17.1 | 18.6 | 18.5 | 14.9 | 17.5 | 18.5 | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 43.0 | 49.0 | 61.0 | 66.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 62.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 28.7 | 50.8 | 48.5 | 48.6 | 46.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 25.4 | 54.5 | 73.5 | 72.1 | 73.6 | 76.4 | 72.1 | .. | 74.6 | 72.6 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 6.4 | 16.1 | 42.5 | 40.1 | 41.2 | 39.6 | 38.9 | .. | 35.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 1.0 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | 132,960.0 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 3.6 | 8.0 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.8 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.7 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 2,681,912,148.7 | 2,961,484,953.9 | 14,364,937,124.1 | 13,104,764,378.3 | 14,026,048,335.7 | 15,365,713,048.2 | 17,070,867,589.9 | 17,280,250,810.0 | 17,465,392,764.4 | 19,309,463,508.0 | 18,780,322,203.8 | 20,904,898,296.3 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -2.5 | -0.1 | 7.1 | 6.2 | 5.9 | 5.3 | 4.7 | 4.8 | -1.2 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 5.2 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 7.6 | -0.6 | 1.3 | 2.9 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 0.5 | 3.4 | 5.7 | 2.9 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 37.4 | 32.9 | 37.5 | 37.7 | 37.4 | 37.4 | 37.6 | 37.3 | 36.2 | 35.7 | 35.8 | 36.8 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 16.3 | 21.5 | 18.4 | 17.6 | 17.9 | 18.8 | 20.2 | 20.9 | 21.2 | 20.6 | 20.2 | 19.4 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 15.7 | 22.5 | 22.6 | 24.0 | 23.4 | 22.2 | 24.5 | 25.7 | 30.7 | 27.9 | 29.0 | 28.2 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 30.9 | 32.9 | 38.1 | 39.6 | 40.3 | 35.9 | 35.6 | 38.0 | 36.3 | 39.3 | 39.7 | 37.8 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 19.1 | 17.2 | 20.2 | 20.8 | 24.0 | 21.6 | 20.5 | 22.5 | 16.5 | 21.8 | 18.9 | 18.2 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | 11.0 | 13.2 | 14.9 | 16.0 | 17.4 | 12.4 | 15.4 | 15.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 11.0 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | 10.8 | 12.6 | 14.1 | 15.4 | 15.9 | 11.7 | 14.5 | 14.2 | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 2.8 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.1 | 133.9 | 125.3 | 108.1 | 114.1 | 110.1 | 111.5 | 119.3 | 111.1 | 114.5 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 6.5 | 1.2 | 5.5 | 5.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 35.8 | 45.6 | 46.5 | 49.7 | 49.0 | 46.7 | 48.7 | 51.0 | 56.7 | 57.8 | 61.2 | 65.5 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 87.5 | 64.9 | 98.0 | 100.0 | 111.7 | 109.7 | 103.8 | 112.8 | 145.7 | 124.3 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 2,467,995,904.9 | 2,981,177,567.1 | 3,521,672,816.9 | 3,747,044,962.9 | 3,847,760,144.7 | 4,319,894,781.4 | 4,595,485,040.1 | 4,998,428,290.9 | 5,813,599,035.2 | 6,402,356,155.5 | 6,342,843,423.0 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 15.3 | 14.1 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 5.3 | 5.7 | .. | |
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