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Population, total | 12,055,639.0 | 16,516,338.0 | 24,764,348.0 | 25,426,702.0 | 26,099,952.0 | 26,788,375.0 | 27,494,926.0 | 28,219,554.0 | 28,953,556.0 | 29,691,083.0 | 30,437,261.0 | 31,195,932.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 3.0 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 587,040.0 | 587,040.0 | 587,295.0 | 587,295.0 | 587,295.0 | 587,295.0 | 587,295.0 | 587,295.0 | 587,295.0 | 587,295.0 | 587,295.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 20.7 | 28.4 | 42.6 | 43.7 | 44.9 | 46.0 | 47.3 | 48.5 | 49.8 | 51.0 | 52.3 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 3,573,000,982.8 | 4,576,635,838.3 | 12,212,716,765.8 | 11,802,421,961.2 | 11,596,598,308.7 | 11,965,832,666.1 | 13,057,333,187.0 | 13,964,679,893.9 | 12,988,004,440.6 | 14,238,237,469.4 | 15,169,621,749.8 | 15,755,271,015.8 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 300.0 | 280.0 | 490.0 | 460.0 | 440.0 | 450.0 | 470.0 | 490.0 | 450.0 | 480.0 | 500.0 | 510.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 13,479,462,521.7 | 20,226,675,844.2 | 36,080,692,651.0 | 36,614,683,087.5 | 39,141,882,785.3 | 40,129,275,461.8 | 41,100,533,999.2 | 43,910,101,594.4 | 42,047,004,379.4 | 46,640,143,903.1 | 51,617,646,495.9 | 55,651,575,663.2 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,120.0 | 1,220.0 | 1,460.0 | 1,440.0 | 1,500.0 | 1,500.0 | 1,490.0 | 1,560.0 | 1,450.0 | 1,570.0 | 1,700.0 | 1,780.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 51.7 | 57.9 | 64.3 | 64.3 | 65.0 | 65.1 | 65.3 | 65.9 | 65.2 | 64.5 | 65.2 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.2 | 5.4 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 132.6 | 147.7 | 136.8 | 135.6 | 135.2 | 135.9 | 136.3 | 136.4 | 135.0 | 133.2 | 131.6 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 18.8 | .. | .. | .. | 47.9 | 44.4 | .. | 49.7 | 49.7 | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 47.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 46.1 | .. | .. | 45.8 | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 155.4 | 104.9 | 66.2 | 65.8 | 65.7 | 65.7 | 65.8 | 66.1 | 66.3 | 66.3 | 65.8 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 26.4 | .. | .. | 22.6 | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 47.0 | 57.0 | 66.0 | 60.0 | 62.0 | 55.0 | 68.0 | 60.0 | 55.0 | 44.0 | 44.0 | 51.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 33.8 | 35.1 | 67.5 | 67.6 | 66.0 | 65.0 | 63.1 | 60.8 | 59.2 | 63.2 | 59.3 | 60.4 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 91.0 | 96.5 | 141.7 | 142.9 | 138.6 | 143.4 | 136.9 | 129.2 | 131.2 | 145.7 | 138.2 | 135.8 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 17.3 | .. | 37.6 | 37.9 | 37.8 | 36.3 | 36.0 | 33.9 | .. | 35.1 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1.0 | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 136,934.5 | 130,306.7 | 125,091.1 | 124,958.9 | 124,826.8 | 124,694.6 | 124,562.4 | 124,430.3 | 124,298.1 | 124,166.0 | 124,033.8 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 2.0 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 4.5 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 5.3 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 3,931,334,875.0 | 4,629,247,203.8 | 12,522,957,399.2 | 11,323,020,701.3 | 11,848,613,858.4 | 13,176,313,593.6 | 13,760,033,282.3 | 14,104,664,678.5 | 13,051,441,203.9 | 14,554,754,116.5 | 15,134,700,203.0 | 15,790,113,246.7 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 3.1 | 4.5 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.2 | 4.4 | -7.1 | 5.7 | 4.0 | 3.8 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 11.9 | 11.6 | 6.7 | 6.5 | 9.0 | 5.0 | 8.3 | 6.5 | 4.3 | 6.6 | 6.9 | 8.7 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | .. | 30.9 | 25.8 | 25.7 | 25.1 | 24.6 | 24.0 | 23.0 | 24.7 | 23.2 | 22.5 | 22.6 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 19.2 | 19.0 | 19.4 | 20.1 | 21.5 | 22.4 | 19.5 | 21.7 | 22.6 | 22.4 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 12.9 | 19.1 | 28.3 | 28.4 | 29.1 | 30.9 | 31.5 | 28.4 | 20.1 | 22.8 | 30.4 | 26.9 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 19.5 | 23.7 | 33.7 | 32.8 | 31.7 | 34.4 | 36.3 | 34.2 | 28.9 | 31.7 | 38.5 | 33.9 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 36.0 | 11.9 | 16.5 | 16.0 | 16.4 | 15.8 | 20.7 | 22.7 | 17.7 | 15.1 | 20.8 | 21.6 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 7.9 | .. | 9.3 | 9.8 | 10.1 | 10.9 | 11.4 | 11.6 | 10.6 | 11.1 | 10.3 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 12.0 | 13.0 | 12.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 7.4 | .. | 8.4 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 10.0 | 10.3 | 10.5 | 9.5 | 10.2 | 9.4 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.2 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.4 | 40.1 | 43.0 | 31.4 | 33.4 | 39.7 | 47.2 | 56.2 | 56.3 | 70.2 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 1.5 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 24.7 | 41.5 | 43.3 | 42.8 | 44.1 | 49.5 | 52.1 | 47.1 | 40.2 | 49.0 | 60.6 | 50.4 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 95.4 | 117.8 | 96.9 | 100.0 | 97.1 | 87.2 | 75.9 | 74.7 | 73.4 | 81.8 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 3,701,101,935.3 | 4,726,029,557.0 | 2,963,528,296.3 | 3,007,857,304.8 | 2,976,805,934.8 | 3,382,906,474.6 | 3,720,119,522.3 | 4,044,792,622.6 | 4,841,435,396.1 | 5,344,813,135.2 | 5,937,649,294.4 | 6,452,328,515.3 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 45.9 | 13.9 | 2.8 | 4.4 | 3.6 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.6 | 6.1 | |
Net migration | -1,777.0 | -4,298.0 | -2,522.0 | -2,594.0 | -2,687.0 | -2,784.0 | -2,887.0 | -2,976.0 | -1,480.0 | -1,480.0 | -1,487.0 | -1,487.0 | |
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