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| Population, total | 182,159,874.0 | 214,072,421.0 | 250,222,695.0 | 253,275,918.0 | 256,229,761.0 | 259,091,970.0 | 261,850,182.0 | 264,498,852.0 | 267,066,843.0 | 269,582,878.0 | 271,857,970.0 | 273,753,191.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 1,910,930.0 | 1,910,930.0 | 1,910,930.0 | 1,910,930.0 | 1,910,931.0 | 1,913,580.0 | 1,913,580.0 | 1,916,820.0 | 1,916,862.2 | 1,916,906.8 | 1,916,906.8 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 100.6 | 114.0 | 133.3 | 134.9 | 136.5 | 138.0 | 139.5 | 140.9 | 142.2 | 143.6 | 144.8 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | 19.1 | 12.0 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 10.9 | 10.6 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 9.8 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | 62.8 | 43.6 | 13.7 | 11.2 | 9.3 | 8.3 | 7.5 | 6.6 | 5.4 | 4.4 | 3.8 | 3.5 | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 102,001,767,843.0 | 122,450,409,459.2 | 889,278,532,542.6 | 939,754,625,214.0 | 922,995,728,689.0 | 886,547,499,338.4 | 890,493,674,290.2 | 934,207,964,273.3 | 1,028,158,607,203.5 | 1,096,634,202,960.6 | 1,059,880,108,417.0 | 1,143,081,620,599.0 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 560.0 | 570.0 | 3,550.0 | 3,710.0 | 3,600.0 | 3,420.0 | 3,400.0 | 3,530.0 | 3,850.0 | 4,070.0 | 3,900.0 | 4,180.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 531,736,255,667.2 | 935,804,878,099.7 | 2,345,311,900,455.8 | 2,459,271,038,444.9 | 2,534,329,758,163.1 | 2,559,879,525,286.4 | 2,657,025,035,503.8 | 2,802,422,575,187.4 | 3,023,722,383,404.9 | 3,230,289,026,326.1 | 3,213,895,152,464.0 | 3,471,169,016,673.3 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 2,920.0 | 4,370.0 | 9,370.0 | 9,710.0 | 9,890.0 | 9,880.0 | 10,150.0 | 10,600.0 | 11,320.0 | 11,980.0 | 11,820.0 | 12,680.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | 8.8 | 9.4 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.0 | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 63.2 | 66.4 | 69.0 | 69.3 | 69.5 | 69.7 | 69.8 | 69.9 | 70.3 | 70.5 | 68.8 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.1 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 74.7 | 54.6 | 44.8 | 43.2 | 40.8 | 38.9 | 36.6 | 36.0 | 35.3 | 34.9 | 34.5 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 54.8 | 61.9 | 62.0 | 61.6 | 60.0 | 59.4 | 63.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 40.7 | 66.9 | 83.1 | 87.4 | .. | .. | 92.6 | 90.9 | 93.6 | 94.7 | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 84.0 | 52.2 | 31.2 | 30.0 | 28.8 | 27.7 | 26.6 | 25.6 | 24.6 | 23.8 | 22.9 | 22.2 | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 24.8 | .. | 19.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 17.7 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 58.0 | 76.0 | 82.0 | 87.0 | 86.0 | 87.0 | 88.0 | 90.0 | 89.0 | 88.0 | 76.0 | 72.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 93.3 | .. | 103.1 | 101.1 | 103.5 | .. | .. | 100.8 | 102.3 | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 114.3 | 108.8 | 109.3 | 106.8 | 106.1 | 106.0 | 105.6 | 105.9 | 106.4 | 91.0 | 90.1 | .. | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 46.6 | 55.1 | 80.5 | 82.6 | 82.7 | 86.1 | 85.0 | 87.1 | 88.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 1,185,450.0 | 1,012,800.0 | 978,066.8 | 968,804.2 | 959,541.6 | 950,279.0 | 952,718.0 | 939,498.0 | 933,442.7 | 927,387.3 | 921,332.0 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.1 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 3.7 | 5.6 | 9.7 | 10.0 | 10.4 | 10.7 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.9 | 4.4 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.8 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 541.5 | 727.1 | 847.2 | 858.8 | 880.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 0.8 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.3 | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 161.9 | 385.8 | 728.2 | 769.5 | 808.4 | 910.0 | 956.0 | 1,021.0 | 1,064.0 | 1,084.0 | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 106,140,727,356.7 | 165,021,012,077.8 | 917,869,910,105.7 | 912,524,136,718.0 | 890,814,755,233.2 | 860,854,235,065.1 | 931,877,364,177.7 | 1,015,618,742,565.8 | 1,042,271,531,012.0 | 1,119,099,868,265.3 | 1,058,688,935,454.8 | 1,186,092,991,320.0 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 7.2 | 4.9 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.0 | -2.1 | 3.7 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 9.1 | 20.4 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 4.0 | 2.4 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 1.6 | -0.4 | 6.0 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 21.5 | 15.7 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.3 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.2 | 12.8 | 12.7 | 13.7 | 13.3 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 39.4 | 42.0 | 43.6 | 42.6 | 41.9 | 40.0 | 39.3 | 39.4 | 39.7 | 39.0 | 38.3 | 39.9 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 27.3 | 41.0 | 24.6 | 23.9 | 23.7 | 21.2 | 19.1 | 20.2 | 21.0 | 18.6 | 17.3 | 21.6 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 25.6 | 30.5 | 25.0 | 24.7 | 24.4 | 20.8 | 18.3 | 19.2 | 22.1 | 19.0 | 15.7 | 18.9 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 32.7 | 22.2 | 35.1 | 33.8 | 34.6 | 34.1 | 33.9 | 33.7 | 34.6 | 33.8 | 32.4 | 31.5 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 20.2 | .. | 15.5 | 15.0 | 14.6 | 13.0 | 12.5 | 12.2 | 13.0 | 12.3 | 10.5 | .. | |
| Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | .. | 76.9 | 53.9 | 49.3 | 26.3 | 24.5 | 21.0 | 12.6 | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 40.8 | 43.4 | 43.4 | 46.8 | 48.0 | 47.0 | 47.2 | 46.5 | 53.7 | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 19.1 | .. | 11.4 | 11.3 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.3 | 9.9 | 10.2 | 9.8 | 8.3 | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.4 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.7 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 1.7 | 112.7 | 123.7 | 127.1 | 130.8 | 147.2 | 164.5 | 119.6 | 126.6 | 130.8 | 133.7 | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 10.7 | 9.6 | 9.3 | 8.9 | 8.0 | 8.4 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 8.4 | 7.2 | |
| Statistical Capacity Score (Overall Average) (scale 0 - 100) | .. | .. | 83.3 | 80.0 | 83.3 | 84.4 | 86.7 | 86.7 | 85.6 | 88.9 | 85.6 | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 44.8 | 66.1 | 41.6 | 40.5 | 39.8 | 34.0 | 30.1 | 32.1 | 35.4 | 30.3 | 28.8 | 35.9 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2000 = 100) | 94.9 | 100.0 | 129.1 | 121.8 | 119.1 | 116.1 | 115.1 | 117.5 | 115.9 | 115.4 | 113.4 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 69,848,505,848.5 | 144,048,996,549.8 | 252,622,798,914.4 | 263,643,619,361.9 | 292,565,196,460.3 | 307,749,361,569.2 | 318,942,066,410.3 | 353,563,845,559.2 | 379,588,949,811.2 | 402,106,446,511.5 | 417,046,199,375.9 | 416,470,745,271.3 | |
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