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Population, total | 358,121,820.0 | 475,127,894.0 | 667,520,863.0 | 686,620,331.0 | 706,617,213.0 | 727,129,254.0 | 748,356,635.0 | 770,390,212.0 | 792,615,894.0 | 815,100,831.0 | 838,066,650.0 | 861,156,745.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 20,393,351.0 | 20,393,351.0 | 19,801,807.5 | 19,801,775.4 | 19,801,762.0 | 19,801,815.5 | 19,801,802.9 | 19,801,797.3 | 19,801,803.4 | 19,801,797.1 | 19,801,755.9 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 18.1 | 24.1 | 34.4 | 35.4 | 36.4 | 37.5 | 38.6 | 39.7 | 40.9 | 42.0 | 43.2 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 143,353,007,558.7 | 155,872,201,716.4 | 567,896,054,209.2 | 621,340,879,536.4 | 683,604,810,455.8 | 697,515,964,171.9 | 709,659,546,394.8 | 739,141,470,815.6 | 761,462,715,122.6 | 794,900,069,463.5 | 791,573,680,660.9 | 851,728,113,935.8 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 400.3 | 328.1 | 850.8 | 904.9 | 967.4 | 959.3 | 948.3 | 959.4 | 960.7 | 975.2 | 944.5 | 989.1 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 363,959,559,820.9 | 597,307,566,764.6 | 1,326,125,630,734.7 | 1,412,983,195,605.0 | 1,580,335,069,177.8 | 1,663,159,687,031.5 | 1,773,717,191,011.3 | 1,871,328,193,722.9 | 1,992,178,398,580.8 | 2,116,683,244,288.9 | 2,146,727,866,957.0 | 2,307,347,046,917.0 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,016.3 | 1,257.2 | 1,986.6 | 2,057.9 | 2,236.5 | 2,287.3 | 2,370.1 | 2,429.1 | 2,513.4 | 2,596.8 | 2,561.5 | 2,679.4 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 49.2 | 52.7 | 60.1 | 60.6 | 61.1 | 61.6 | 62.2 | 62.5 | 62.9 | 63.3 | 62.8 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.6 | 6.0 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 140.9 | 133.2 | 114.8 | 112.7 | 111.4 | 109.9 | 108.1 | 106.2 | 104.8 | 103.8 | 102.3 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 11.0 | 19.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 33.1 | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 36.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 67.5 | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 181.6 | 144.7 | 87.5 | 84.2 | 81.2 | 78.5 | 75.7 | 73.4 | 71.1 | 68.9 | 66.8 | 64.9 | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 52.5 | 54.5 | 75.6 | 74.1 | 73.8 | 73.6 | 72.6 | 73.8 | 73.0 | 73.4 | 71.7 | 69.2 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 41.6 | 43.4 | 65.8 | 65.7 | 65.8 | 65.9 | 66.6 | 67.6 | 68.9 | 69.3 | 70.2 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 60.9 | 73.0 | 100.7 | 100.9 | 101.6 | 100.8 | 101.3 | 101.7 | 102.6 | 103.3 | 103.8 | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 18.4 | 21.7 | 38.8 | 39.9 | 40.2 | 40.4 | 40.7 | 41.0 | 41.5 | 41.6 | 41.8 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 2.4 | 3.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 6,241,141.5 | 5,933,425.6 | 5,521,304.7 | 5,489,385.5 | 5,457,466.2 | 5,425,547.0 | 5,391,094.3 | 5,357,638.9 | 5,324,413.3 | 5,290,657.1 | 5,257,492.2 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 14.3 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 15.1 | 14.8 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.4 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | .. | 392.8 | 431.3 | 435.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | .. | 130.0 | 199.7 | 205.3 | 211.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 161,042,758,392.2 | 176,153,919,382.1 | 604,270,718,518.1 | 672,639,381,118.3 | 714,858,431,631.1 | 693,082,707,117.5 | 728,312,721,572.1 | 808,419,426,852.7 | 770,673,129,573.5 | 797,571,800,632.4 | 803,236,484,236.2 | 891,901,460,388.4 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -0.7 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 5.6 | 5.8 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 0.2 | 3.9 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 12.0 | 8.2 | 5.9 | 3.6 | 2.3 | 3.2 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 2.8 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 5.8 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 36.7 | 25.9 | 24.6 | 23.1 | 23.1 | 23.4 | 22.7 | 22.4 | 21.8 | 22.1 | 23.5 | 22.6 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 20.6 | 21.6 | 24.0 | 25.1 | 24.5 | 23.3 | 23.1 | 23.7 | 26.1 | 25.7 | 25.1 | 25.3 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 15.5 | 20.7 | 27.3 | 25.4 | 23.9 | 20.9 | 19.2 | 20.3 | 23.5 | 23.1 | 19.9 | 23.4 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 22.0 | 29.0 | 37.9 | 36.1 | 33.9 | 32.5 | 29.8 | 28.2 | 32.5 | 31.7 | 27.0 | 31.3 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 15.1 | 20.1 | 25.7 | 27.4 | 29.1 | 29.4 | 28.9 | 29.1 | 27.1 | 27.1 | 25.4 | 25.1 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 14.5 | 14.2 | 14.3 | 14.0 | 13.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 32.4 | 26.7 | 23.4 | 24.2 | 23.6 | 23.0 | 23.0 | 22.5 | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 11.4 | 11.0 | 11.5 | 11.6 | 11.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | .. | 2.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.6 | 50.5 | 56.5 | 61.8 | 66.6 | 65.1 | 65.1 | 72.1 | 68.1 | 70.7 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 7.5 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.0 | 4.7 | 4.0 | .. | .. | |
Statistical Capacity Score (Overall Average) (scale 0 - 100) | .. | .. | 59.0 | 60.0 | 59.5 | 61.0 | 61.0 | 60.7 | 58.9 | 58.9 | 57.1 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 26.7 | 36.4 | 51.9 | 49.3 | 47.2 | 44.2 | 39.0 | 38.2 | 44.3 | 41.6 | 39.4 | 44.4 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2000 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
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