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Population, total | 15,446,982.0 | 19,665,502.0 | 28,196,358.0 | 28,870,939.0 | 29,554,303.0 | 30,222,262.0 | 30,870,641.0 | 31,522,290.0 | 32,180,401.0 | 32,833,031.0 | 33,475,870.0 | 34,121,985.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 238,540.0 | 238,540.0 | 238,540.0 | 238,540.0 | 238,540.0 | 238,540.0 | 238,540.0 | 238,530.0 | 238,530.0 | 238,530.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 67.9 | 86.4 | 123.9 | 126.9 | 129.9 | 132.8 | 135.7 | 138.5 | 141.4 | 144.3 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 23.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 25.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 5,849,623,830.0 | 6,465,489,060.1 | 51,230,623,564.1 | 53,904,245,537.7 | 51,691,905,298.7 | 54,862,333,848.7 | 63,155,713,338.9 | 67,723,205,357.2 | 71,863,221,938.4 | 74,961,497,179.3 | 79,663,089,865.4 | 79,823,495,879.7 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 380.0 | 330.0 | 1,820.0 | 1,870.0 | 1,750.0 | 1,820.0 | 2,050.0 | 2,150.0 | 2,230.0 | 2,280.0 | 2,380.0 | 2,340.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 24,120,684,909.1 | 44,848,820,630.0 | 146,624,691,257.9 | 144,492,868,487.3 | 141,337,268,710.4 | 147,530,650,796.0 | 161,990,349,853.5 | 179,917,385,479.6 | 194,854,376,256.8 | 208,285,038,305.0 | 234,679,539,092.7 | 251,598,031,843.9 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,560.0 | 2,280.0 | 5,200.0 | 5,000.0 | 4,780.0 | 4,880.0 | 5,250.0 | 5,710.0 | 6,060.0 | 6,340.0 | 7,010.0 | 7,370.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | 4.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 55.6 | 58.2 | 63.0 | 63.2 | 63.9 | 64.0 | 64.1 | 64.7 | 64.1 | 63.8 | 63.9 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 5.7 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.5 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 107.5 | 83.6 | 69.0 | 70.0 | 68.0 | 65.9 | 67.2 | 66.6 | 65.2 | 64.2 | 63.4 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | 26.7 | 32.9 | 28.2 | 30.8 | 27.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | 70.8 | .. | .. | 78.1 | 78.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 127.6 | 100.0 | 57.7 | 55.3 | 53.0 | 50.9 | 48.9 | 47.1 | 45.3 | 43.8 | 42.3 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | 11.2 | .. | .. | 12.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 12.0 | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 61.0 | 90.0 | 92.0 | 89.0 | 89.0 | 95.0 | 92.0 | 92.0 | 88.0 | 94.0 | 95.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 64.9 | 89.2 | 93.7 | .. | 87.8 | 88.0 | .. | .. | .. | 92.0 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 61.5 | 79.7 | 98.6 | 102.0 | 100.4 | 99.1 | 97.3 | 98.4 | 96.9 | 97.9 | 96.5 | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 34.5 | 31.1 | 64.2 | 67.1 | 67.2 | 66.4 | 67.8 | 70.6 | 73.3 | 75.3 | 76.8 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 1.4 | 2.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 99,242.6 | 88,486.1 | 78,929.4 | 78,804.4 | 79,222.4 | 79,640.4 | 79,712.6 | 79,784.8 | 79,857.1 | 79,929.3 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 2.5 | 3.2 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | .. | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.6 | 4.2 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.0 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 342.5 | 319.2 | 320.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 309.4 | 319.7 | 339.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 5,889,106,573.5 | 4,982,850,662.2 | 54,783,319,817.4 | 49,406,010,054.3 | 56,164,929,304.9 | 60,405,924,078.7 | 67,298,914,624.4 | 68,337,969,247.7 | 70,043,095,503.7 | 79,524,421,861.3 | 74,263,364,041.9 | 76,370,394,412.4 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 3.3 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 2.1 | 3.4 | 8.1 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 0.5 | 5.1 | 3.8 | 2.9 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 31.2 | 27.2 | 23.9 | 13.3 | 15.7 | 10.7 | 10.6 | 8.5 | 9.4 | 12.1 | 28.2 | 33.1 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 44.8 | 35.3 | 19.6 | 20.0 | 20.8 | 19.6 | 18.1 | 17.3 | 18.9 | 19.7 | 19.5 | 21.1 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 16.8 | 25.4 | 33.9 | 31.1 | 27.7 | 30.0 | 31.2 | 31.1 | 29.9 | 28.4 | 31.5 | 29.5 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 16.9 | 48.8 | 28.2 | 33.8 | 31.2 | 33.9 | 33.5 | 37.4 | 31.5 | 30.1 | 34.7 | 34.0 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 25.9 | 67.2 | 35.6 | 42.7 | 36.7 | 36.7 | 34.5 | 39.4 | 35.1 | 32.7 | 35.5 | 35.0 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 14.4 | 24.0 | 27.2 | 27.7 | 25.5 | 19.6 | 21.7 | 18.6 | 18.2 | 17.0 | 15.5 | 10.8 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 12.5 | .. | 14.2 | 14.5 | 14.2 | 14.5 | 15.1 | 14.7 | 13.8 | 14.9 | 15.6 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 13.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 11.4 | .. | 11.3 | 11.7 | 11.1 | 11.6 | 12.2 | 12.0 | 11.3 | 12.2 | 12.3 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.7 | 107.7 | 121.3 | 129.6 | 121.6 | 132.6 | 129.6 | 125.7 | 123.2 | 119.6 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 6.7 | 7.6 | 2.3 | 4.4 | 8.3 | 1.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 35.7 | 93.2 | 50.8 | 48.1 | 42.8 | 43.8 | 41.7 | 42.6 | 38.4 | 35.7 | 43.2 | 38.7 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 58.2 | 58.2 | 102.5 | 100.0 | 103.0 | 102.7 | 110.5 | 112.4 | 111.1 | 122.9 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 3,880,932,790.8 | 6,743,341,663.2 | 28,481,344,138.4 | 31,269,213,547.6 | 34,826,564,166.0 | 33,798,809,880.4 | 35,582,425,739.1 | 32,568,577,782.2 | 40,647,060,280.2 | 44,746,812,267.8 | 44,839,810,520.1 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 38.8 | 19.0 | 15.6 | 6.3 | 23.9 | 28.3 | 15.7 | 36.3 | 11.4 | 14.4 | 11.9 | .. | |
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