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Population, total | 488,697,502.0 | 622,883,185.0 | 873,158,163.0 | 892,657,785.0 | 912,614,026.0 | 933,013,886.0 | 953,648,681.0 | 974,824,119.0 | 996,691,242.0 | 1,018,693,078.0 | 1,038,158,122.0 | 1,058,789,534.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.7 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 2.0 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 20,705,371.0 | 20,705,361.0 | 20,757,132.0 | 20,757,185.6 | 20,757,172.9 | 20,757,167.2 | 20,757,173.4 | 20,757,157.2 | 20,757,116.0 | 20,757,119.0 | 20,751,094.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 30.3 | 35.0 | 42.7 | 43.6 | 44.6 | 45.6 | 46.6 | 47.7 | 48.7 | 49.8 | 50.8 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | 29.5 | 31.1 | 31.4 | 31.1 | 30.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | .. | 1,930,121,395,006.9 | 1,734,451,614,289.3 | 1,612,662,646,988.8 | 1,543,081,813,061.1 | 1,632,943,716,332.2 | 1,762,255,740,338.1 | 1,698,687,308,930.6 | 1,773,093,588,392.1 | 1,860,833,865,966.4 | 1,899,892,155,962.4 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | .. | 2,210.5 | 1,943.0 | 1,767.1 | 1,653.9 | 1,712.3 | 1,807.8 | 1,704.3 | 1,740.6 | 1,792.4 | 1,794.4 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | .. | 1,634,125,176,172.9 | 3,884,451,176,738.2 | 3,837,407,362,891.7 | 3,976,898,700,228.3 | 4,275,737,680,336.3 | 4,540,064,153,876.8 | 4,865,575,395,542.3 | 4,835,762,840,279.4 | 5,138,941,875,415.3 | 5,443,970,788,911.7 | 5,747,624,964,555.9 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | .. | 2,623.5 | 4,448.7 | 4,298.9 | 4,357.7 | 4,582.7 | 4,760.7 | 4,991.2 | 4,851.8 | 5,044.6 | 5,243.9 | 5,428.5 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 53.3 | 55.5 | 60.7 | 61.0 | 61.2 | 61.6 | 61.9 | 62.2 | 61.7 | 61.2 | 61.8 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 5.6 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.3 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 119.4 | 112.5 | 100.2 | 97.0 | 94.0 | 91.3 | 89.4 | 87.6 | 86.0 | 85.1 | 84.2 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 28.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 29.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 40.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 61.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 164.8 | 138.6 | 89.2 | 87.2 | 85.3 | 83.4 | 81.5 | 79.3 | 77.1 | 75.0 | 72.8 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 53.6 | 50.8 | 63.4 | 62.6 | 64.2 | 66.5 | 65.9 | 66.7 | 66.3 | 62.2 | 62.7 | 63.3 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 59.8 | 58.3 | 68.2 | 68.2 | 68.9 | 69.2 | 69.8 | 70.3 | 70.8 | 71.5 | 71.1 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 73.7 | 76.5 | 94.7 | 93.0 | 93.4 | 94.1 | 95.2 | 96.2 | 97.3 | 96.3 | 96.3 | 96.5 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 30.8 | 32.6 | 45.5 | 45.7 | 45.1 | 45.6 | 46.0 | 46.4 | 46.8 | 47.3 | 47.1 | 46.6 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 1.4 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 4,827,989.3 | 4,899,615.8 | 4,865,395.7 | 4,839,526.5 | 4,812,630.2 | 4,786,819.7 | 4,761,632.4 | 4,735,958.3 | 4,710,928.0 | 4,685,468.5 | 4,660,193.8 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 11.2 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.5 | 11.9 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.6 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.2 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 2.8 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 1,169.4 | 823.7 | 702.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 895.5 | 584.7 | 578.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 547,420,521,771.2 | 468,035,912,008.3 | 2,052,980,592,421.4 | 1,616,325,901,440.2 | 1,489,694,054,525.2 | 1,588,837,232,239.0 | 1,734,689,832,167.0 | 1,842,632,114,099.2 | 1,675,406,927,630.4 | 1,786,326,958,459.6 | 1,964,841,634,349.7 | 1,937,937,125,126.3 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 5.2 | 5.4 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.3 | -5.1 | 2.5 | 1.1 | 1.8 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 7.6 | 9.8 | 2.0 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.1 | 2.7 | 8.9 | 10.6 | 4.7 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 19.4 | 14.3 | 14.2 | 18.5 | 18.1 | 17.1 | 16.7 | 17.3 | 19.6 | 18.6 | 17.7 | 17.2 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 20.1 | 30.2 | 30.2 | 25.1 | 24.9 | 25.2 | 26.5 | 26.5 | 23.2 | 26.2 | 28.1 | 28.9 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 33.3 | 33.2 | 33.7 | 32.1 | 31.0 | 30.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | .. | 2.3 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 4.8 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 1.3 | 68.3 | 70.7 | 69.3 | 66.5 | 70.2 | 74.0 | 75.7 | 76.1 | 78.4 | 78.5 | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 26.0 | 45.7 | 40.9 | 39.7 | 36.9 | 39.1 | 44.0 | 42.3 | 36.4 | 43.9 | 45.5 | 42.2 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Net migration | -1,290,119.0 | -1,412,740.0 | -1,895,587.0 | -2,497,402.0 | -1,301,855.0 | -1,908,813.0 | -1,428,886.0 | -1,471,508.0 | -403,489.0 | -1,306,834.0 | -6,190,067.0 | -552,920.0 | |
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