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Population, total | 47,609,755.0 | 67,411,494.0 | 101,115,610.0 | 103,867,135.0 | 106,718,162.0 | 109,666,481.0 | 112,664,152.0 | 115,737,383.0 | 118,917,671.0 | 122,138,588.0 | 125,384,287.0 | 128,691,692.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 3.7 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 1,221,900.0 | 1,104,300.0 | 1,136,243.2 | 1,136,244.2 | 1,136,242.7 | 1,136,243.2 | 1,136,242.5 | 1,136,243.1 | 1,136,239.7 | 1,136,239.7 | 1,136,239.7 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | .. | 67.4 | 89.6 | 92.0 | 94.6 | 97.2 | 99.8 | 102.6 | 105.4 | 108.2 | 111.1 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 23.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 27.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 12,602,805,977.5 | 8,418,570,725.5 | 53,613,585,572.2 | 60,070,106,909.3 | 68,942,782,200.5 | 78,378,663,870.3 | 86,862,226,452.9 | 94,972,299,424.0 | 102,643,484,695.6 | 113,576,188,750.9 | 126,125,232,719.3 | 142,605,284,059.2 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 260.0 | 120.0 | 530.0 | 580.0 | 650.0 | 710.0 | 770.0 | 820.0 | 860.0 | 930.0 | 1,010.0 | 1,110.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 19,747,858,423.4 | 31,713,478,436.9 | 149,706,960,402.2 | 168,886,194,465.5 | 197,586,699,603.2 | 218,548,001,581.7 | 235,010,235,798.7 | 257,939,265,039.6 | 284,581,201,252.4 | 314,515,157,183.3 | 355,092,430,376.2 | 392,561,710,869.3 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 410.0 | 470.0 | 1,480.0 | 1,630.0 | 1,850.0 | 1,990.0 | 2,090.0 | 2,230.0 | 2,390.0 | 2,580.0 | 2,830.0 | 3,050.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | 7.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 44.6 | 50.5 | 62.9 | 63.6 | 64.4 | 64.8 | 65.4 | 65.8 | 65.4 | 65.0 | 65.6 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 7.2 | 6.6 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 177.3 | 148.5 | 82.7 | 79.4 | 77.4 | 75.2 | 74.7 | 74.5 | 73.7 | 72.4 | 71.1 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 4.8 | 8.1 | 42.0 | 36.9 | 35.9 | 36.3 | 40.0 | 41.4 | 37.7 | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 5.6 | 15.5 | .. | 27.7 | .. | .. | 49.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 202.5 | 141.2 | 66.5 | 63.1 | 59.9 | 56.9 | 54.3 | 52.1 | 49.9 | 48.0 | 46.2 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 41.8 | 26.5 | .. | 23.5 | .. | .. | 21.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 38.0 | 36.0 | 54.0 | 55.0 | 57.0 | 58.0 | 54.0 | 57.0 | 59.0 | 53.0 | 55.0 | 61.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 21.3 | 52.6 | 52.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 64.1 | .. | 62.1 | 55.9 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 35.3 | 51.7 | 96.2 | 97.1 | .. | 104.2 | .. | .. | 114.6 | 102.7 | 85.5 | 84.5 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 14.0 | .. | 34.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 1.8 | 2.7 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | .. | 185,285.0 | 175,065.0 | 174,335.0 | 173,605.0 | 172,875.0 | 172,145.0 | 171,415.0 | 170,685.0 | 169,955.0 | 169,225.0 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 18.5 | 18.5 | 18.5 | 17.6 | 16.1 | 17.0 | 17.0 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 8.2 | 8.4 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 5.6 | 4.3 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.8 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 481.7 | 470.1 | 478.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 22.7 | 22.4 | 67.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 12,478,943,895.2 | 8,242,349,617.9 | 55,612,228,233.5 | 64,589,328,550.6 | 74,296,745,207.9 | 81,770,886,825.6 | 84,269,196,625.9 | 95,912,607,722.3 | 107,657,734,392.4 | 111,261,882,958.4 | 126,772,703,047.7 | 163,697,927,594.0 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 2.7 | 6.1 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 6.8 | 8.4 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 6.5 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 3.3 | 6.8 | 11.0 | 10.8 | 10.4 | 6.7 | 12.4 | 12.9 | 18.3 | 21.8 | 34.7 | 33.0 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 48.3 | 44.7 | 38.5 | 36.1 | 34.7 | 33.8 | 31.2 | 33.6 | 35.6 | 37.6 | 37.6 | 35.8 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 9.1 | 11.4 | 13.5 | 16.3 | 21.9 | 23.6 | 27.3 | 24.8 | 23.1 | 21.9 | 22.7 | 24.5 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 11.6 | 9.4 | 7.8 | 7.6 | 8.4 | 7.9 | 7.1 | 7.6 | 8.2 | 6.6 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 29.1 | 30.3 | 27.1 | 23.5 | 22.8 | 20.9 | 16.9 | 16.7 | 18.4 | 14.0 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 38.0 | 40.7 | 37.3 | 38.4 | 34.7 | 35.3 | 30.6 | 28.0 | 25.3 | 22.2 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 12.0 | .. | 9.7 | 9.9 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.0 | 7.8 | 7.1 | 6.6 | 5.1 | 4.5 | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 39.0 | 35.0 | 35.0 | 33.0 | 32.0 | 32.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | 38.2 | 48.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 8.4 | .. | 8.8 | 8.4 | 8.1 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 6.7 | 6.2 | 5.3 | 4.5 | 3.9 | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 9.7 | 7.6 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.8 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 30.6 | 41.3 | 48.6 | 36.6 | .. | 36.7 | 38.0 | 53.6 | 56.0 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 9.1 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 5.8 | 13.6 | 9.4 | 13.1 | 8.5 | 3.2 | 3.8 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 11.1 | 21.2 | 33.5 | 30.4 | 25.9 | 23.0 | 21.4 | 18.0 | 15.2 | 17.9 | 17.9 | 13.1 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 71.3 | 101.8 | 100.0 | 105.5 | 101.4 | 91.7 | 91.9 | 98.6 | 104.6 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 8,645,231,101.2 | 5,516,263,792.3 | 16,946,037,499.2 | 20,443,875,424.1 | 23,396,722,284.1 | 26,170,602,394.7 | 29,842,524,863.7 | 30,377,335,498.2 | 32,363,947,104.1 | 32,000,087,807.2 | 30,636,877,243.1 | 33,290,272,173.2 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 39.0 | 13.7 | 11.9 | 18.3 | 20.9 | 22.2 | 21.5 | 28.9 | 26.1 | 21.2 | 18.3 | 14.3 | |
Net migration | 296,014.0 | -49,891.0 | 103,122.0 | 62,785.0 | 115,823.0 | 71,766.0 | 9,302.0 | -10,807.0 | 38,866.0 | -1,377.0 | -11,996.0 | -11,996.0 | |
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