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Population, total | 7,129,004.0 | 8,540,791.0 | 10,282,115.0 | 10,405,832.0 | 10,527,592.0 | 10,647,244.0 | 10,765,531.0 | 10,881,882.0 | 10,999,664.0 | 11,117,873.0 | 11,228,821.0 | 11,332,972.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.1 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 48,670.0 | 48,670.0 | 48,670.0 | 48,670.0 | 48,670.0 | 48,670.0 | 48,670.0 | 146,839.3 | 146,839.3 | 146,839.3 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 147.6 | 176.8 | 212.8 | 215.4 | 217.9 | 220.4 | 222.8 | 228.9 | 231.4 | 233.9 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 25.6 | 22.8 | 21.0 | 23.4 | 23.9 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 6.7 | 3.4 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 6,232,622,189.3 | 22,728,940,249.3 | 64,374,278,408.6 | 67,656,552,685.9 | 71,380,388,936.0 | 74,569,119,173.6 | 82,662,423,242.1 | 86,960,621,720.2 | 78,824,443,985.5 | 90,001,330,350.1 | 101,864,491,656.5 | 109,970,079,310.2 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 870.0 | 2,660.0 | 6,260.0 | 6,500.0 | 6,780.0 | 7,000.0 | 7,680.0 | 7,990.0 | 7,170.0 | 8,100.0 | 9,070.0 | 9,700.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 25,251,309,025.9 | 54,802,095,690.7 | 132,509,043,990.4 | 148,517,459,662.8 | 164,748,190,180.2 | 173,182,484,591.9 | 186,873,929,718.1 | 205,016,584,339.0 | 199,747,998,390.6 | 231,557,784,783.5 | 263,190,082,013.9 | 277,247,735,553.7 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 3,540.0 | 6,420.0 | 12,890.0 | 14,270.0 | 15,650.0 | 16,270.0 | 17,360.0 | 18,840.0 | 18,160.0 | 20,830.0 | 23,440.0 | 24,460.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 3.7 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 6.6 | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 67.1 | 69.4 | 72.9 | 73.0 | 73.0 | 73.1 | 73.2 | 73.6 | 72.9 | 72.6 | 74.2 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.4 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 116.5 | 112.2 | 97.5 | 95.1 | 91.8 | 87.9 | 83.9 | 78.5 | 68.3 | 65.6 | 63.2 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 64.7 | 69.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 62.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 97.6 | 98.6 | 99.6 | 99.8 | 99.8 | 99.7 | 99.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 59.4 | 39.8 | 35.0 | 35.1 | 35.1 | 35.0 | 34.8 | 34.4 | 33.9 | 33.2 | 32.4 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 3.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 3.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 70.0 | 85.0 | 88.0 | 90.0 | 85.0 | 86.0 | 91.0 | 96.0 | 82.0 | 88.0 | 91.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 78.3 | 95.3 | 99.7 | 99.4 | 96.1 | 93.8 | 94.0 | 97.0 | 87.7 | 89.5 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | .. | 115.3 | 108.1 | 112.0 | 110.7 | 108.0 | 105.9 | 112.3 | 105.9 | 96.9 | 100.5 | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 59.4 | 80.1 | 79.9 | 80.1 | 79.9 | 80.2 | 81.9 | 80.0 | 75.7 | 76.5 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.4 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 15,948.9 | 19,724.7 | 20,975.4 | 21,036.5 | 21,117.4 | 21,198.3 | 21,279.2 | 21,360.1 | 21,441.0 | 21,521.9 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 11.2 | 19.2 | 19.2 | 19.2 | 19.2 | 19.2 | 18.7 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 20.7 | 30.4 | 30.4 | 30.4 | 30.4 | 30.4 | 30.4 | 30.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.6 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 563.2 | 845.3 | 743.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 1.1 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.1 | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 391.5 | 1,317.0 | 1,597.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 7,073,675,544.8 | 24,305,780,628.7 | 67,179,955,677.3 | 71,164,826,836.5 | 75,704,647,877.7 | 79,998,046,305.8 | 85,555,390,139.1 | 88,941,372,558.2 | 78,844,656,298.2 | 94,243,425,938.4 | 113,537,368,176.1 | 121,444,279,313.9 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -5.5 | 4.7 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 4.7 | 7.0 | 5.1 | -6.7 | 12.3 | 4.9 | 2.4 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 50.5 | 7.2 | 4.3 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 2.5 | 4.7 | 7.8 | 10.7 | 6.4 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 13.4 | 6.7 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 6.4 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 30.2 | 31.7 | 29.8 | 28.5 | 27.6 | 28.1 | 28.8 | 29.1 | 30.3 | 32.7 | 33.1 | 31.1 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 30.6 | 35.5 | 25.2 | 23.8 | 23.9 | 23.7 | 23.6 | 23.1 | 18.3 | 21.8 | 22.1 | 21.1 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 38.6 | 43.8 | 30.3 | 28.4 | 27.7 | 26.5 | 28.5 | 27.9 | 26.0 | 31.0 | 32.2 | 28.5 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 23.3 | 27.9 | 23.1 | 23.4 | 23.0 | 22.5 | 25.8 | 26.0 | 25.4 | 31.4 | 33.3 | 31.3 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 14.6 | 17.2 | 14.5 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.9 | 14.2 | 16.0 | 15.6 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 14.5 | 14.5 | 18.5 | 16.5 | 16.5 | 16.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 43.4 | 46.7 | 48.6 | 49.3 | 47.8 | 50.0 | 55.4 | 51.9 | 50.7 | 53.6 | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 13.4 | 12.8 | 12.9 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.3 | 12.4 | 14.4 | 13.8 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 8.3 | 80.8 | 84.5 | 82.7 | 82.4 | 83.0 | 82.2 | 81.7 | 87.6 | 90.4 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 4.3 | 4.0 | 4.4 | 8.4 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 6.0 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 73.2 | 62.6 | 40.4 | 37.0 | 36.0 | 34.8 | 36.0 | 35.4 | 34.8 | 39.0 | 39.2 | 34.3 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 90.1 | 93.8 | 92.1 | 100.0 | 104.5 | 99.7 | 95.0 | 99.3 | 110.0 | 99.3 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 4,484,666,420.4 | 4,617,977,128.0 | 26,269,413,480.3 | 26,727,445,939.7 | 28,291,425,524.5 | 29,455,812,951.6 | 31,864,082,651.9 | 35,095,621,459.1 | 40,559,732,187.0 | 43,884,654,717.7 | 48,242,931,251.8 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 12.5 | 8.5 | 18.4 | 29.9 | 18.6 | 15.6 | 14.3 | 17.4 | 40.4 | 16.7 | 13.8 | .. | |
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