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Population, total | 11,331,821.0 | 14,912,631.0 | 22,059,893.0 | 22,763,414.0 | 23,454,161.0 | 24,128,601.0 | 24,806,383.0 | 25,506,095.0 | 26,210,558.0 | 26,915,758.0 | 27,632,771.0 | 28,372,687.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.9 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 475,440.0 | 475,440.0 | 475,440.0 | 475,440.0 | 475,440.0 | 475,440.0 | 475,440.0 | 475,440.0 | 475,440.0 | 475,440.0 | 475,440.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 24.0 | 31.5 | 46.7 | 48.2 | 49.6 | 51.0 | 52.5 | 54.0 | 55.4 | 56.9 | 58.5 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | 37.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | 25.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 23.0 | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 11,383,818,350.7 | 10,876,798,937.5 | 34,565,250,099.5 | 34,926,201,157.9 | 34,412,094,661.6 | 34,106,364,833.5 | 37,685,520,416.1 | 39,762,247,057.2 | 40,320,016,761.8 | 43,312,468,773.2 | 45,747,510,263.5 | 47,905,444,552.9 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,000.0 | 730.0 | 1,570.0 | 1,530.0 | 1,470.0 | 1,410.0 | 1,520.0 | 1,560.0 | 1,540.0 | 1,610.0 | 1,660.0 | 1,690.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 22,151,684,651.3 | 29,672,863,374.2 | 74,076,522,624.0 | 78,538,750,618.7 | 83,664,911,616.4 | 89,235,394,974.9 | 97,651,753,918.4 | 105,876,092,301.0 | 112,063,496,623.2 | 126,927,699,702.6 | 139,812,326,053.8 | 150,458,314,798.4 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,950.0 | 1,990.0 | 3,360.0 | 3,450.0 | 3,570.0 | 3,700.0 | 3,940.0 | 4,150.0 | 4,280.0 | 4,720.0 | 5,060.0 | 5,300.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | 4.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.4 | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 54.9 | 52.9 | 58.9 | 59.7 | 60.2 | 60.8 | 61.2 | 61.6 | 60.8 | 60.3 | 61.0 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.4 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 159.4 | 139.9 | 120.3 | 119.7 | 119.4 | 118.8 | 117.1 | 114.6 | 112.1 | 109.9 | 108.3 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 25.2 | 34.3 | .. | .. | .. | 19.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 56.0 | 64.7 | .. | .. | .. | 69.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 136.7 | 144.6 | 93.4 | 89.3 | 85.9 | 82.7 | 79.8 | 77.3 | 74.9 | 72.2 | 69.8 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | 14.8 | .. | .. | .. | 11.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 56.0 | 49.0 | 71.0 | 71.0 | 72.0 | 67.0 | 61.0 | 61.0 | 63.0 | 65.0 | 68.0 | 71.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 56.7 | 50.4 | 73.7 | 74.5 | 73.4 | 68.2 | 64.4 | 65.4 | 66.5 | 68.7 | 69.4 | 71.1 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 99.9 | 86.6 | 114.0 | 116.6 | 116.1 | 110.1 | 103.2 | 105.5 | 107.3 | 108.4 | 110.7 | 112.6 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 25.9 | 28.0 | 58.2 | 59.6 | 60.5 | 50.6 | 46.5 | 44.4 | 45.3 | 45.0 | 45.1 | 44.4 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | .. | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.8 | 4.8 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.6 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 225,000.0 | 215,974.9 | 206,764.8 | 206,204.8 | 205,644.8 | 205,084.8 | 204,524.8 | 203,964.8 | 203,404.8 | 202,844.8 | 202,284.8 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 11.0 | 11.0 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.4 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.6 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 439.5 | 423.1 | 344.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 206.9 | 182.3 | 283.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 12,314,482,627.8 | 10,566,579,295.0 | 36,386,544,706.1 | 32,210,233,020.5 | 33,814,337,044.4 | 36,098,547,033.2 | 39,955,552,189.8 | 39,667,757,527.7 | 40,773,241,177.1 | 45,011,937,346.8 | 44,347,206,072.6 | 49,279,410,982.8 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -6.1 | 3.8 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 4.5 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 0.3 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 3.2 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 1.6 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 2.9 | 6.8 | 4.7 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 24.0 | 18.1 | 16.8 | 17.2 | 17.2 | 16.7 | 16.5 | 16.8 | 17.5 | 17.0 | 16.5 | 17.3 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 28.8 | 28.5 | 25.7 | 25.1 | 24.2 | 24.3 | 24.7 | 23.8 | 23.0 | 24.5 | 27.1 | 25.5 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 20.2 | 24.9 | 23.6 | 21.0 | 18.9 | 18.4 | 18.7 | 19.9 | 15.2 | 16.5 | 19.3 | 16.6 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 17.3 | 23.1 | 27.2 | 24.6 | 21.7 | 20.8 | 21.9 | 23.5 | 18.5 | 20.2 | 22.0 | 20.6 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 17.8 | 17.2 | 19.7 | 18.2 | 19.8 | 19.4 | 19.5 | 18.9 | 17.7 | 18.1 | 19.1 | 19.5 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 14.3 | .. | 16.3 | 15.5 | 14.5 | 14.7 | 15.2 | 14.8 | 13.1 | 13.7 | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 16.5 | 16.5 | 16.5 | 16.5 | 13.5 | 13.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 9.8 | .. | 12.3 | 12.1 | 11.7 | 11.9 | 12.3 | 12.0 | 10.9 | 11.3 | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.7 | 76.4 | 78.9 | 78.9 | 82.5 | 73.6 | 83.0 | 84.4 | 80.0 | 82.8 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 6.8 | 4.9 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 5.1 | 3.1 | 2.2 | .. | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 27.6 | 31.4 | 34.9 | 31.4 | 25.2 | 22.2 | 23.7 | 26.9 | 21.2 | 25.1 | 30.3 | 26.5 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 59.9 | 73.7 | 113.5 | 100.0 | 97.1 | 100.8 | 107.6 | 102.6 | 91.1 | 133.0 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 6,562,505,108.0 | 10,561,281,361.4 | 5,765,541,169.1 | 7,304,904,667.0 | 7,890,233,642.2 | 10,049,854,104.8 | 11,004,928,184.8 | 12,928,642,115.2 | 14,723,493,939.9 | 15,377,164,944.4 | 15,109,580,931.7 | 15,299,274,621.1 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 20.5 | 20.7 | 6.1 | 7.4 | 13.4 | 10.7 | 14.1 | 14.2 | 20.9 | 25.6 | 20.5 | 19.3 | |
Net migration | -8,163.0 | -21,221.0 | 96,599.0 | 42,008.0 | 13,255.0 | -37,912.0 | -9,184.0 | -12,255.0 | -9,888.0 | -9,888.0 | -4,798.0 | -4,798.0 | |
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