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Population, total | 149,143,223.0 | 174,018,282.0 | 200,085,127.0 | 201,675,532.0 | 203,218,114.0 | 204,703,445.0 | 206,107,261.0 | 207,455,459.0 | 208,660,842.0 | 209,550,294.0 | 210,306,415.0 | 211,140,729.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 1.8 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,515,770.0 | 8,510,417.8 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 17.8 | 20.8 | 23.9 | 24.1 | 24.3 | 24.5 | 24.7 | 24.8 | 25.0 | 25.1 | 25.2 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | 24.0 | .. | 3.3 | 3.9 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 2.0 | 5.8 | 3.5 | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 389,692,224,212.7 | 687,477,556,780.3 | 2,457,007,358,840.0 | 2,084,247,076,853.4 | 1,839,991,782,313.6 | 1,808,496,550,031.4 | 1,920,050,002,129.8 | 1,953,066,789,009.9 | 1,686,362,765,402.3 | 1,689,214,340,414.8 | 1,776,651,444,579.3 | 1,959,785,256,812.1 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,610.0 | 3,950.0 | 12,280.0 | 10,330.0 | 9,050.0 | 8,830.0 | 9,320.0 | 9,410.0 | 8,080.0 | 8,060.0 | 8,450.0 | 9,280.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 970,943,125,393.0 | 1,536,571,396,437.2 | 3,107,797,557,672.5 | 2,932,875,379,050.0 | 2,846,197,824,606.7 | 2,924,570,810,530.1 | 3,098,565,570,921.3 | 3,244,270,827,745.7 | 3,289,682,051,501.6 | 3,669,595,695,972.2 | 4,064,426,514,693.1 | 4,321,585,160,962.1 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 6,510.0 | 8,830.0 | 15,530.0 | 14,540.0 | 14,010.0 | 14,290.0 | 15,030.0 | 15,640.0 | 15,770.0 | 17,510.0 | 19,330.0 | 20,470.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | 2.3 | .. | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 4.5 | 3.3 | 3.6 | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 66.0 | 69.7 | 74.3 | 74.3 | 74.4 | 74.8 | 75.1 | 75.3 | 74.0 | 72.8 | 73.4 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 2.9 | 2.3 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 88.5 | 85.6 | 63.4 | 61.8 | 58.4 | 56.6 | 54.3 | 51.0 | 47.5 | 45.7 | 42.9 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 98.6 | 98.4 | 98.2 | 98.6 | 98.7 | 98.8 | 98.4 | 98.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 63.0 | 34.6 | 16.3 | 15.9 | 16.7 | 15.3 | 15.0 | 14.8 | 14.5 | 14.3 | 14.0 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 3.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 78.0 | 99.0 | 97.0 | 96.0 | 95.0 | 87.0 | 92.0 | 91.0 | 79.0 | 73.0 | 81.0 | 87.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 142.5 | .. | 110.3 | 109.2 | 108.8 | 109.8 | 108.6 | 107.4 | 105.5 | 103.5 | 104.0 | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | .. | 102.6 | 100.9 | 102.6 | 103.0 | 105.0 | 104.0 | 104.1 | 106.7 | 106.0 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 5,888,980.0 | 5,510,886.0 | 5,054,239.8 | 5,038,848.0 | 5,020,821.0 | 5,000,916.0 | 4,990,514.0 | 4,977,985.0 | 4,966,196.0 | 4,953,913.7 | 4,941,960.2 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 20.7 | 28.6 | 28.6 | 28.6 | 29.2 | 29.3 | 29.3 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.9 | 2.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 940.1 | 1,077.1 | 1,515.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 1,459.4 | 1,905.8 | 2,655.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 464,989,098,144.9 | 655,448,231,983.5 | 2,456,043,727,198.9 | 1,802,212,206,904.7 | 1,795,693,482,652.5 | 2,063,514,977,334.3 | 1,916,933,898,038.4 | 1,873,288,205,186.5 | 1,476,107,231,194.1 | 1,670,647,399,034.7 | 1,951,923,942,083.3 | 2,173,665,655,937.3 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -4.4 | 4.4 | 0.5 | -3.5 | -3.3 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 1.2 | -3.3 | 4.8 | 3.0 | 2.9 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 2,737.0 | 5.6 | 7.8 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 6.5 | 13.0 | 8.6 | 4.7 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 7.0 | 4.8 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.9 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 5.7 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 6.2 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 33.3 | 23.0 | 20.5 | 19.4 | 18.4 | 18.2 | 18.7 | 18.8 | 19.5 | 22.1 | 22.8 | 22.3 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 8.2 | 10.2 | 11.0 | 12.9 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 14.6 | 14.1 | 16.5 | 19.1 | 19.6 | 18.1 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 7.0 | 12.5 | 13.7 | 14.1 | 12.1 | 11.8 | 14.2 | 14.8 | 15.8 | 18.5 | 19.2 | 15.7 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 20.2 | 18.9 | 20.5 | 17.4 | 15.0 | 14.6 | 15.1 | 15.5 | 16.1 | 19.5 | 18.1 | 16.1 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 27.4 | 29.3 | 29.7 | 27.8 | 28.6 | 29.2 | 25.7 | 27.3 | 29.6 | 25.6 | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 83.6 | 86.0 | 82.5 | 82.5 | 20.1 | 16.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 13.5 | 13.6 | 13.7 | 13.6 | 13.9 | 13.7 | 12.7 | 14.1 | 14.7 | 14.2 | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.4 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 13.2 | 138.0 | 125.6 | 118.0 | 106.1 | 99.6 | 95.4 | 96.5 | 102.5 | 98.9 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 12.4 | 14.5 | 16.0 | 14.3 | 14.7 | 14.1 | 11.4 | 9.0 | 9.1 | 9.8 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 11.6 | 17.4 | 18.8 | 20.4 | 18.1 | 18.5 | 22.2 | 22.1 | 25.4 | 30.9 | 32.1 | 27.3 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 61.9 | 93.1 | 113.2 | 100.0 | 102.4 | 108.2 | 106.9 | 107.0 | 107.7 | 123.2 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 120,311,895,094.7 | 242,511,685,521.8 | 556,919,631,071.7 | 543,397,356,309.8 | 543,257,228,545.3 | 543,000,470,110.9 | 557,765,380,774.6 | 568,708,887,352.2 | 549,325,935,898.2 | 571,530,916,149.8 | 579,468,087,189.4 | 607,115,489,833.0 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 22.6 | 86.2 | 22.9 | 39.8 | 51.1 | 34.8 | 33.3 | 53.5 | 50.4 | 46.7 | 29.9 | 53.8 | |
Net migration | -30,555.0 | -45,800.0 | -145,732.0 | -173,611.0 | -92,989.0 | -156,296.0 | -230,334.0 | -129,216.0 | -78,437.0 | -208,581.0 | -253,639.0 | -240,059.0 | |
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