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Population, total | 7,096,194.0 | 8,592,656.0 | 10,916,987.0 | 11,090,085.0 | 11,263,015.0 | 11,435,533.0 | 11,606,905.0 | 11,777,315.0 | 11,936,162.0 | 12,079,472.0 | 12,224,110.0 | 12,388,571.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.1 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 1,098,580.0 | 1,098,580.0 | 1,098,580.0 | 1,098,580.0 | 1,098,580.0 | 1,098,580.0 | 1,098,580.0 | 1,098,580.0 | 1,098,580.0 | 1,098,580.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 6.6 | 7.9 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.9 | 11.0 | 11.2 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | 66.4 | 39.1 | 38.6 | 39.5 | 36.4 | 34.5 | 37.2 | 39.0 | 36.4 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | 1.1 | 24.2 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 5.6 | 4.9 | 3.3 | 1.9 | 3.1 | 2.0 | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 4,935,696,862.2 | 8,287,220,575.3 | 30,352,501,100.9 | 32,208,419,842.9 | 33,490,607,690.1 | 34,575,847,667.7 | 38,242,657,885.5 | 40,542,447,636.9 | 37,214,351,061.0 | 39,797,223,383.0 | 42,674,624,183.4 | 44,649,171,508.8 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 700.0 | 960.0 | 2,780.0 | 2,900.0 | 2,970.0 | 3,020.0 | 3,290.0 | 3,440.0 | 3,120.0 | 3,290.0 | 3,490.0 | 3,600.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 15,453,600,779.8 | 28,133,084,504.1 | 72,520,017,730.2 | 76,087,068,286.1 | 82,842,020,015.2 | 93,689,285,686.8 | 100,534,582,613.2 | 104,889,828,092.1 | 96,888,583,667.5 | 109,984,070,551.3 | 121,537,085,819.0 | 129,977,431,004.4 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 2,180.0 | 3,270.0 | 6,640.0 | 6,860.0 | 7,360.0 | 8,190.0 | 8,660.0 | 8,910.0 | 8,120.0 | 9,110.0 | 9,940.0 | 10,490.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | 5.6 | 1.1 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 5.1 | 4.7 | 5.3 | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 56.4 | 62.3 | 67.2 | 67.3 | 67.6 | 67.7 | 67.7 | 67.8 | 64.5 | 63.6 | 64.9 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.9 | 4.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 96.3 | 90.3 | 71.4 | 70.2 | 68.8 | 68.2 | 66.5 | 65.6 | 64.4 | 63.8 | 63.1 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 53.4 | .. | .. | 66.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 67.3 | 83.9 | 88.8 | 89.8 | 99.5 | 71.5 | 81.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 121.7 | 75.7 | 33.6 | 31.9 | 30.4 | 29.1 | 27.9 | 26.8 | 25.8 | 24.8 | 23.9 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | 9.7 | .. | .. | .. | 3.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 53.0 | 84.0 | 89.0 | 95.0 | 94.0 | 83.0 | 89.0 | 79.0 | 74.0 | 75.0 | 69.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | .. | 91.7 | 89.5 | 90.1 | 91.4 | 94.2 | 90.8 | 92.1 | .. | 96.5 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 100.7 | 119.1 | 96.2 | 95.8 | 96.2 | 97.1 | 97.7 | 98.2 | 98.7 | 98.9 | 99.6 | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 72.8 | 90.6 | 91.8 | 91.9 | 90.7 | 90.0 | 90.1 | 90.0 | 91.5 | 91.5 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 578,047.2 | 551,013.9 | 522,389.8 | 520,272.2 | 517,506.8 | 514,922.2 | 512,532.4 | 510,337.6 | 508,337.6 | 506,207.7 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 30.9 | 30.9 | 30.9 | 30.9 | 30.9 | 30.9 | 30.9 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | .. | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.9 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 367.9 | 570.8 | 763.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 1.5 | 0.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.5 | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 257.5 | 407.4 | 728.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 4,867,582,597.5 | 8,397,855,484.8 | 32,996,188,017.4 | 33,000,198,248.9 | 33,941,126,193.9 | 37,508,642,170.8 | 40,287,647,930.5 | 40,895,322,850.9 | 36,629,843,806.1 | 40,406,111,693.2 | 44,008,282,879.9 | 45,849,832,906.4 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 4.6 | 2.5 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 2.2 | -8.7 | 6.1 | 3.6 | 2.4 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 16.3 | 5.2 | 2.0 | -4.6 | -1.4 | 6.1 | 3.1 | -0.7 | -1.9 | 4.0 | 5.1 | 1.7 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 15.4 | 13.0 | 9.7 | 10.2 | 11.2 | 11.6 | 11.5 | 12.2 | 14.0 | 12.9 | 12.5 | 12.5 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 31.9 | 25.7 | 27.6 | 25.2 | 25.3 | 26.4 | 26.2 | 25.2 | 23.5 | 26.4 | 26.2 | 24.8 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 22.8 | 18.3 | 43.3 | 30.9 | 24.5 | 24.9 | 26.0 | 25.0 | 20.3 | 27.8 | 32.6 | 27.3 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 23.9 | 27.3 | 42.0 | 37.1 | 31.9 | 31.8 | 31.1 | 31.4 | 25.2 | 31.2 | 35.1 | 31.6 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 12.5 | 18.1 | 21.0 | 20.3 | 21.1 | 22.2 | 20.6 | 19.9 | 15.8 | 16.8 | 16.6 | .. | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 49.0 | 49.0 | 45.0 | 41.0 | 39.5 | 39.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 55.2 | 67.1 | 76.3 | 78.5 | 85.3 | 92.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.8 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 6.8 | 95.7 | 91.6 | 89.7 | 95.9 | 98.6 | 99.2 | 98.9 | 99.6 | .. | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 8.1 | 6.4 | 4.5 | 5.9 | 5.0 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 5.5 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 33.1 | 36.4 | 69.2 | 56.0 | 45.7 | 45.7 | 47.1 | 45.3 | 38.5 | 49.9 | 60.7 | 48.3 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 93.4 | 91.6 | 133.6 | 100.0 | 84.5 | 94.9 | 99.6 | 98.7 | 98.0 | 130.7 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 4,369,976,028.0 | 5,892,765,188.4 | 8,884,014,490.4 | 9,895,204,080.3 | 10,994,252,972.4 | 12,990,057,752.2 | 13,248,377,783.1 | 14,301,150,537.3 | 15,420,129,053.6 | 16,025,613,524.0 | 15,930,334,885.1 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 39.4 | 39.8 | 7.0 | 9.9 | 9.2 | 10.0 | 9.5 | 10.4 | 15.6 | 14.2 | 16.5 | .. | |
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