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Population, total | 111,633,717.0 | 134,544,304.0 | 157,964,929.0 | 159,383,179.0 | 160,811,932.0 | 162,186,147.0 | 163,523,103.0 | 164,913,055.0 | 166,298,024.0 | 167,658,854.0 | 169,384,897.0 | 171,466,990.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.0 | 1.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.2 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 148,460.0 | 148,460.0 | 147,630.0 | 147,630.0 | 147,630.0 | 147,977.0 | 147,570.0 | 147,570.0 | 147,570.0 | 147,570.0 | 147,570.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 857.6 | 1,033.6 | 1,213.5 | 1,224.4 | 1,235.4 | 1,246.0 | 1,256.2 | 1,266.9 | 1,277.5 | 1,288.0 | 1,301.3 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 18.7 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 33.3 | .. | .. | 13.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.0 | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 32,618,765,050.3 | 55,712,709,024.6 | 171,232,930,861.9 | 191,338,510,755.5 | 225,591,727,898.9 | 266,736,774,826.8 | 329,854,436,730.5 | 366,469,040,884.3 | 385,238,514,893.7 | 435,560,113,926.7 | 483,370,788,216.9 | 493,931,962,471.2 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 290.0 | 410.0 | 1,080.0 | 1,200.0 | 1,400.0 | 1,640.0 | 2,020.0 | 2,220.0 | 2,320.0 | 2,600.0 | 2,850.0 | 2,880.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 106,551,662,530.6 | 208,928,912,198.8 | 662,428,199,724.6 | 707,741,905,118.3 | 770,879,103,187.5 | 819,232,336,678.2 | 933,669,359,748.5 | 1,038,098,559,456.8 | 1,150,025,815,983.9 | 1,313,226,689,115.0 | 1,488,102,430,377.5 | 1,631,145,526,646.7 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 950.0 | 1,550.0 | 4,190.0 | 4,440.0 | 4,790.0 | 5,050.0 | 5,710.0 | 6,290.0 | 6,920.0 | 7,830.0 | 8,790.0 | 9,510.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 8.6 | .. | .. | 8.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 8.2 | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 56.0 | 65.8 | 70.0 | 70.5 | 71.1 | 71.8 | 72.6 | 72.8 | 72.0 | 72.4 | 73.7 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.5 | 3.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 178.3 | 152.6 | 91.8 | 89.3 | 87.8 | 82.2 | 80.4 | 79.2 | 79.2 | 76.0 | 73.1 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 54.3 | 62.4 | .. | 62.8 | .. | 61.9 | 62.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 12.1 | 42.1 | .. | 49.8 | 67.8 | 52.7 | 59.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 146.0 | 86.0 | 40.4 | 38.5 | 36.8 | 35.1 | 33.6 | 32.2 | 31.0 | 29.8 | 28.8 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | 61.5 | 42.4 | 32.8 | 28.9 | .. | .. | 21.9 | 22.6 | .. | .. | 22.3 | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 65.0 | 74.0 | 94.0 | 97.0 | 97.0 | 97.0 | 97.0 | 97.0 | 97.0 | 97.0 | 97.0 | 97.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 120.1 | 107.7 | 108.2 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 78.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 109.1 | 112.4 | .. | 118.4 | 115.4 | 117.7 | 111.6 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 20.5 | 48.7 | .. | 62.0 | 66.9 | 64.9 | 67.4 | 67.2 | 69.0 | 70.3 | 71.8 | 71.5 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.1 | 1.1 | .. | 1.1 | 1.1 | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 19,203.3 | 19,203.3 | 18,843.9 | 18,834.0 | 18,834.0 | 18,834.0 | 18,834.0 | 18,834.0 | 18,834.0 | 18,834.0 | 18,834.0 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 34.2 | 34.2 | 34.2 | 34.2 | 34.2 | 34.2 | 34.2 | 34.2 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.4 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 3.1 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 114.1 | 135.7 | 224.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 46.0 | 99.3 | 313.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 31,598,340,778.2 | 53,369,787,318.6 | 172,886,611,653.8 | 195,146,608,978.1 | 265,224,515,675.0 | 293,732,446,624.6 | 321,362,752,441.8 | 351,231,654,603.7 | 373,979,442,362.2 | 416,271,647,911.0 | 460,131,688,909.3 | 437,415,331,041.0 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 5.6 | 5.3 | 6.1 | 6.6 | 7.1 | 6.6 | 7.3 | 7.9 | 3.4 | 6.9 | 7.1 | 5.8 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 6.5 | 3.4 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 27.9 | 5.0 | 5.8 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 5.0 | 6.9 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 30.5 | 22.7 | 15.4 | 14.8 | 13.5 | 13.0 | 12.5 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 11.6 | 11.2 | 11.0 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 20.1 | 22.3 | 26.3 | 26.8 | 31.1 | 31.2 | 32.0 | 32.9 | 32.9 | 33.3 | 33.9 | 34.6 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 5.9 | 12.3 | 19.0 | 17.3 | 13.9 | 12.8 | 12.7 | 13.1 | 10.4 | 10.7 | 12.9 | 13.2 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 13.1 | 17.0 | 25.5 | 24.7 | 17.4 | 17.2 | 19.8 | 18.5 | 15.8 | 17.1 | 20.9 | 17.8 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 16.5 | 23.8 | 28.6 | 28.9 | 30.2 | 30.9 | 31.8 | 32.2 | 31.3 | 31.0 | 32.0 | 31.0 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 10.9 | 9.8 | 8.5 | 8.1 | 8.7 | 8.9 | 8.6 | 9.5 | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 19.5 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 19.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 8.6 | 8.5 | 7.3 | 7.0 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 7.0 | 7.6 | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.2 | 81.3 | 83.2 | 85.1 | 93.3 | 98.8 | 100.0 | 105.3 | 108.9 | 105.3 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | 0.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 16.7 | 28.6 | 41.4 | 38.1 | 30.0 | 30.2 | 31.0 | 28.0 | 23.1 | 29.9 | 31.1 | 28.0 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 169.7 | 144.6 | 89.5 | 100.0 | 101.6 | 96.3 | 91.7 | 94.9 | 98.4 | 82.9 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 12,291,780,361.5 | 15,600,564,697.1 | 35,271,839,354.7 | 38,704,937,144.2 | 41,569,252,897.7 | 51,068,283,464.6 | 57,125,459,320.6 | 62,468,325,028.8 | 73,550,857,817.1 | 91,477,590,071.6 | 97,020,160,351.0 | 101,447,458,740.3 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 34.2 | 10.6 | 6.1 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 5.8 | 6.8 | 13.1 | 10.5 | 11.4 | 11.2 | 12.6 | |
Net migration | -404,105.0 | -512,422.0 | -889,222.0 | -909,223.0 | -918,770.0 | -1,037,176.0 | -1,029,069.0 | -1,016,796.0 | -1,002,522.0 | -994,722.0 | -549,990.0 | -549,918.0 | |
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