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Population, total | 3,552,128.0 | 3,221,100.0 | 3,013,800.0 | 3,004,600.0 | 2,992,300.0 | 2,979,400.0 | 2,969,000.0 | 2,962,500.0 | 2,961,500.0 | 2,962,300.0 | 2,969,200.0 | 2,990,900.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 3.1 | 1.7 | -0.3 | -0.3 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.3 | -0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.7 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 29,740.0 | 29,740.0 | 29,740.0 | 29,740.0 | 29,740.0 | 29,740.0 | 29,740.0 | 29,740.0 | 29,740.0 | 29,740.0 | 29,740.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | .. | 113.1 | 105.9 | 105.5 | 105.1 | 104.7 | 104.3 | 104.1 | 104.0 | 104.0 | 104.3 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 26.4 | 27.0 | 26.5 | 24.8 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.8 | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | 2,031,449,553.1 | 12,047,457,701.8 | 11,738,591,314.7 | 11,045,672,826.7 | 11,621,380,668.6 | 12,521,390,580.5 | 13,777,592,544.9 | 12,529,414,177.0 | 13,555,497,545.3 | 16,864,496,346.6 | 20,271,184,637.4 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | 630.0 | 4,000.0 | 3,910.0 | 3,690.0 | 3,900.0 | 4,220.0 | 4,650.0 | 4,230.0 | 4,580.0 | 5,680.0 | 6,780.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 9,444,218,786.2 | 8,403,263,969.2 | 30,662,966,874.9 | 30,505,448,341.4 | 32,364,395,080.4 | 37,214,214,838.4 | 38,848,121,649.5 | 44,977,629,504.3 | 42,854,458,169.1 | 45,809,032,885.4 | 55,372,468,997.5 | 62,106,308,043.3 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 2,660.0 | 2,610.0 | 10,170.0 | 10,150.0 | 10,820.0 | 12,490.0 | 13,080.0 | 15,180.0 | 14,470.0 | 15,460.0 | 18,650.0 | 20,770.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | 8.5 | 8.2 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 8.1 | 8.9 | 10.2 | 9.4 | 9.2 | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 68.8 | 70.6 | 74.1 | 74.4 | 74.7 | 74.9 | 75.1 | 75.4 | 72.2 | 72.0 | 73.4 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 2.7 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 73.9 | 37.3 | 25.7 | 25.1 | 24.4 | 21.2 | 18.7 | 16.3 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.5 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 60.5 | .. | .. | 57.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 99.7 | 96.8 | 100.0 | .. | 99.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 48.8 | 30.6 | 15.2 | 14.5 | 13.8 | 13.1 | 12.5 | 11.9 | 11.3 | 10.8 | 10.3 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 2.6 | .. | .. | 2.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | .. | 92.0 | 97.0 | 97.0 | 97.0 | 96.0 | 95.0 | 95.0 | 94.0 | 94.0 | 95.0 | 96.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | .. | 94.6 | 94.2 | 105.0 | 102.8 | 100.2 | 97.2 | 102.0 | 100.6 | 92.1 | 92.5 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | .. | 88.3 | 100.9 | 102.4 | 103.1 | 101.6 | 100.1 | 97.3 | 96.6 | 93.8 | 92.9 | 93.8 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 90.1 | 84.9 | 85.8 | .. | .. | 88.6 | 93.6 | 94.9 | 97.3 | 96.9 | 95.1 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | .. | 3,326.4 | 3,297.3 | 3,295.2 | 3,293.1 | 3,291.0 | 3,288.9 | 3,286.8 | 3,284.7 | 3,282.6 | 3,280.5 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 23.1 | 23.1 | 23.1 | 24.3 | 24.3 | 24.3 | 24.7 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 27.3 | 41.7 | 47.7 | 46.4 | 41.8 | 39.6 | 41.8 | 41.3 | 43.3 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.7 | 1.3 | -0.4 | -0.3 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.3 | -0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 1.0 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 2,170.0 | 625.4 | 981.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 2,711.9 | 1,236.5 | 1,895.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 2,256,863,448.8 | 1,911,563,668.9 | 11,609,513,246.8 | 10,553,337,518.4 | 10,546,136,235.5 | 11,527,458,709.0 | 12,457,940,694.7 | 13,619,290,539.2 | 12,641,698,583.2 | 13,878,908,628.9 | 19,513,506,553.1 | 24,085,749,592.3 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | .. | 5.9 | 3.6 | 3.2 | 0.2 | 7.5 | 5.2 | 7.6 | -7.2 | 5.8 | 12.6 | 8.3 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | .. | -1.4 | 2.3 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 1.1 | 1.8 | 6.9 | 8.0 | 2.7 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 18.1 | 17.2 | 16.4 | 15.0 | 13.9 | 11.5 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 10.1 | 8.5 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 25.3 | 25.7 | 25.6 | 25.8 | 24.8 | 25.0 | 26.8 | 26.4 | 25.4 | 23.4 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 35.0 | 22.2 | 28.6 | 29.7 | 33.7 | 38.2 | 39.4 | 41.4 | 29.8 | 35.9 | 50.2 | 59.5 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 46.3 | 50.1 | 47.2 | 42.0 | 42.3 | 49.0 | 53.1 | 54.8 | 39.7 | 43.8 | 51.2 | 60.3 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 47.1 | 21.9 | 21.3 | 20.7 | 18.0 | 18.4 | 22.4 | 17.4 | 19.7 | 23.0 | 22.4 | 21.3 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 24.5 | 23.1 | 22.8 | 22.5 | 22.5 | 23.9 | 24.1 | 23.4 | 23.5 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 51.3 | 48.3 | 54.4 | 58.3 | 62.4 | 65.4 | 83.4 | 74.5 | 65.0 | 68.8 | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 21.6 | 20.9 | 21.3 | 20.8 | 20.9 | 22.3 | 21.9 | 22.0 | 21.8 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | .. | 3.6 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 5.5 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.6 | 119.7 | 120.4 | 119.8 | 122.3 | 126.2 | 128.3 | 124.4 | 129.0 | 135.3 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 3.0 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 7.6 | 7.1 | 9.8 | 7.1 | 6.0 | 21.8 | 21.1 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | .. | 61.5 | 51.0 | 44.8 | 48.0 | 55.8 | 59.2 | 59.9 | 56.2 | 60.4 | 72.4 | 86.0 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 83.0 | 96.8 | 100.0 | 104.4 | 111.4 | 110.9 | 113.9 | 119.6 | 108.3 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | 1,018,418,173.9 | 8,555,656,187.0 | 8,831,021,220.8 | 9,855,623,087.1 | 10,228,295,738.5 | 10,725,730,268.9 | 11,884,488,146.3 | 13,061,785,395.5 | 14,039,607,363.2 | 15,931,152,887.6 | 15,838,832,193.4 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | 8.7 | 31.7 | 38.4 | 33.1 | 26.4 | 28.6 | 30.8 | 45.3 | 34.7 | 18.0 | 18.4 | |
Net migration | 2,122.0 | -52,780.0 | -15,745.0 | -15,225.0 | -14,697.0 | -14,180.0 | -13,129.0 | -14,330.0 | -13,046.0 | -19,457.0 | 38,001.0 | 75,000.0 | |
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