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Population, total | 32,637,657.0 | 37,070,774.0 | 42,669,500.0 | 43,131,966.0 | 43,590,368.0 | 44,044,811.0 | 44,494,502.0 | 44,938,712.0 | 45,376,763.0 | 45,808,747.0 | 46,234,830.0 | 46,654,581.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 1.5 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 2,780,400.0 | 2,780,400.0 | 2,780,400.0 | 2,780,400.0 | 2,780,400.0 | 2,780,400.0 | 2,780,400.0 | 2,780,400.0 | 2,780,400.0 | 2,780,400.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 11.9 | 13.5 | 15.6 | 15.8 | 15.9 | 16.1 | 16.3 | 16.4 | 16.6 | 16.7 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 30.3 | 25.7 | 32.0 | 35.5 | 42.0 | 37.3 | 39.2 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 5.0 | 0.6 | .. | 0.7 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.6 | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 104,086,334,464.1 | 275,544,288,842.8 | 526,784,533,342.4 | 543,279,945,585.5 | 532,504,167,159.5 | 578,798,149,500.9 | 553,193,024,104.4 | 504,056,284,870.9 | 408,628,794,998.7 | 457,384,679,384.2 | 535,914,326,285.6 | 584,110,020,477.6 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 3,190.0 | 7,430.0 | 12,350.0 | 12,600.0 | 12,220.0 | 13,140.0 | 12,430.0 | 11,220.0 | 9,010.0 | 9,980.0 | 11,590.0 | 12,520.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 224,188,332,559.1 | 416,594,563,310.3 | 821,243,666,294.3 | 848,959,683,417.3 | 863,207,236,895.5 | 1,009,263,951,777.7 | 1,051,149,861,699.3 | 1,016,089,122,555.9 | 984,724,060,445.3 | 1,170,900,901,138.4 | 1,317,041,518,448.7 | 1,339,423,418,009.9 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 6,870.0 | 11,240.0 | 19,250.0 | 19,680.0 | 19,800.0 | 22,910.0 | 23,620.0 | 22,610.0 | 21,700.0 | 25,560.0 | 28,490.0 | 28,710.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 3.2 | 5.0 | .. | 4.9 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.4 | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 71.8 | 73.9 | 76.8 | 76.8 | 76.3 | 76.8 | 77.0 | 77.3 | 75.9 | 75.4 | 76.1 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.0 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 70.9 | 66.5 | 67.8 | 65.4 | 61.9 | 57.8 | 51.0 | 46.2 | 39.9 | 39.1 | 37.9 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 70.1 | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 96.9 | 99.1 | 99.6 | 99.6 | 98.4 | 93.9 | 99.5 | 99.6 | 98.8 | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 28.8 | 19.4 | 12.2 | 11.8 | 11.4 | 11.0 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 9.4 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 2.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 93.0 | 91.0 | 95.0 | 89.0 | 90.0 | 89.0 | 94.0 | 86.0 | 77.0 | 86.0 | 83.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 99.7 | 105.4 | 106.1 | 106.5 | 101.6 | 100.3 | 100.4 | 103.8 | 105.5 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 107.9 | 117.3 | 114.0 | 113.8 | 112.9 | 111.7 | 111.5 | 111.4 | 110.6 | 110.2 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 72.4 | 96.6 | 106.1 | 107.5 | 109.6 | 110.4 | 109.7 | 110.5 | 112.4 | 116.6 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 352,040.0 | 333,780.0 | 293,204.0 | 290,970.0 | 290,100.0 | 288,990.0 | 287,910.0 | 286,810.0 | 285,730.0 | 284,636.7 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.5 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.6 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 9.7 | 10.4 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 1.9 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 1,411.4 | 1,660.5 | 2,029.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) | 3.1 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 3.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 1,303.2 | 2,077.5 | 3,074.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 141,352,654,305.2 | 284,203,750,000.0 | 526,319,673,731.6 | 594,749,285,413.2 | 557,532,320,663.0 | 643,628,393,281.4 | 524,819,892,360.2 | 447,754,683,615.2 | 385,740,508,437.0 | 487,902,572,164.3 | 631,133,384,439.9 | 640,591,410,663.9 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -2.5 | -0.8 | -2.5 | 2.7 | -2.1 | 2.8 | -2.6 | -2.0 | -9.9 | 10.7 | 5.0 | -1.6 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 2,078.3 | 1.0 | 40.3 | 26.6 | 41.1 | 26.0 | 42.0 | 49.2 | 40.1 | 53.8 | 69.5 | 133.8 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 8.1 | 4.7 | 6.7 | 5.2 | 6.3 | 5.2 | 4.5 | 5.3 | 6.4 | 7.3 | 6.6 | 6.1 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 36.0 | 26.0 | 24.3 | 23.2 | 22.1 | 21.8 | 23.7 | 23.2 | 22.4 | 23.9 | 24.2 | 25.1 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 10.4 | 11.0 | 14.4 | 10.7 | 12.5 | 11.3 | 14.4 | 17.9 | 16.6 | 18.0 | 16.3 | 12.9 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 4.6 | 11.6 | 14.0 | 11.8 | 13.6 | 14.0 | 16.3 | 14.7 | 13.6 | 14.9 | 15.4 | 14.1 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 14.0 | 17.5 | 17.3 | 17.1 | 17.7 | 18.2 | 16.6 | 14.2 | 14.4 | 18.1 | 17.6 | 19.5 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 13.7 | 13.1 | 12.0 | 10.8 | 9.4 | 10.8 | 9.6 | 10.8 | 10.6 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 24.5 | 24.5 | 24.5 | 24.5 | 11.0 | 11.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | 32.4 | 34.5 | 34.4 | 40.4 | 37.9 | 38.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 10.4 | 10.0 | 8.7 | 8.4 | 7.4 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.8 | 8.5 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.5 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.4 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 17.5 | 143.0 | 143.0 | 145.9 | 140.5 | 131.9 | 125.9 | 121.6 | 130.5 | 132.4 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 7.1 | 9.2 | 9.0 | 9.2 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 6.9 | 4.4 | 4.8 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 11.6 | 18.1 | 25.5 | 19.7 | 20.4 | 19.5 | 24.2 | 25.5 | 25.2 | 28.9 | 26.9 | 21.9 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 43.4 | 68.3 | 104.7 | 100.0 | 106.1 | 103.0 | 104.2 | 103.3 | 104.0 | 113.9 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 62,477,601,311.9 | 150,062,928,187.3 | 153,793,761,987.6 | 177,184,603,465.6 | 181,638,508,190.7 | 225,925,335,186.1 | 277,827,089,406.2 | 280,684,783,388.0 | 255,558,142,878.8 | 246,306,711,414.0 | 247,680,809,683.7 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 37.1 | 64.3 | 20.2 | 24.7 | 34.9 | 51.7 | 51.5 | 50.8 | 43.1 | 28.8 | 31.8 | .. | |
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