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| Population, total | 8,718,289.0 | 8,170,172.0 | 6,984,225.0 | 6,894,139.0 | 6,803,468.0 | 6,710,798.0 | 6,616,726.0 | 6,550,696.0 | 6,507,301.0 | 6,465,097.0 | 6,446,596.0 | 6,441,421.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | -1.8 | -0.5 | -1.3 | -1.3 | -1.3 | -1.4 | -1.4 | -1.0 | -0.7 | -0.7 | -0.3 | -0.1 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 110,990.0 | 110,990.0 | 111,000.0 | 111,000.0 | 111,000.0 | 111,000.0 | 111,000.0 | 111,000.0 | 111,000.0 | 111,000.0 | 110,996.8 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 78.8 | 73.9 | 64.3 | 63.5 | 62.7 | 61.8 | 60.9 | 60.3 | 59.9 | 59.6 | 59.4 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | 22.9 | 23.4 | 22.0 | 22.6 | 23.8 | 22.1 | 22.9 | 20.6 | 21.7 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | 4.6 | 3.1 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 19,583,467,212.3 | 13,565,906,181.8 | 53,215,970,393.3 | 52,585,518,708.5 | 53,737,955,593.0 | 59,437,914,811.2 | 65,637,675,723.9 | 66,112,875,528.1 | 76,251,963,146.8 | 84,717,135,626.7 | 91,785,495,940.7 | 98,993,568,898.1 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,250.0 | 1,660.0 | 7,620.0 | 7,630.0 | 7,900.0 | 8,860.0 | 9,920.0 | 10,090.0 | 11,720.0 | 13,100.0 | 14,240.0 | 15,370.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 60,547,020,052.5 | 51,194,069,591.0 | 127,719,143,867.9 | 138,252,992,002.5 | 148,110,730,564.0 | 155,205,303,688.8 | 171,593,001,232.0 | 172,695,589,692.7 | 193,415,980,896.8 | 219,012,306,948.2 | 229,498,890,099.0 | 253,923,600,965.5 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 6,940.0 | 6,270.0 | 18,290.0 | 20,050.0 | 21,770.0 | 23,130.0 | 25,930.0 | 26,360.0 | 29,720.0 | 33,880.0 | 35,600.0 | 39,420.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.0 | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 71.6 | 71.7 | 74.6 | 74.8 | 74.8 | 75.0 | 75.1 | 73.4 | 71.2 | 74.2 | 75.7 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 1.8 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 70.0 | 46.8 | 39.1 | 38.1 | 38.2 | 38.9 | 39.2 | 37.5 | 36.4 | 39.4 | 39.1 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 99.1 | 99.8 | 93.4 | 95.1 | 93.9 | 93.0 | 92.3 | 94.6 | 94.5 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 18.3 | 17.5 | 8.2 | 7.7 | 7.3 | 7.0 | 6.7 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.1 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 99.0 | 89.0 | 92.0 | 92.0 | 94.0 | 93.0 | 95.0 | 88.0 | 89.0 | 91.0 | 92.0 | 94.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 95.8 | 99.6 | 98.1 | 98.9 | 97.0 | 97.1 | 97.7 | 94.3 | 95.7 | 94.5 | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | .. | 104.7 | 99.1 | 98.1 | 97.6 | 96.8 | 96.4 | 96.5 | 95.6 | 95.9 | 95.4 | .. | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 79.9 | 103.9 | 103.0 | 103.5 | 104.0 | 102.7 | 101.4 | 98.7 | 96.7 | 95.6 | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 33,270.0 | 33,750.0 | 38,330.0 | 38,410.0 | 38,540.0 | 38,670.0 | 38,800.0 | 38,930.0 | 39,060.0 | 39,190.0 | 39,320.0 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 32.8 | 28.3 | 28.3 | 28.3 | 32.8 | 33.1 | 33.1 | 33.1 | 33.1 | 35.6 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 36.3 | 29.2 | 26.8 | 27.1 | 26.9 | 25.8 | 25.8 | 23.7 | 24.8 | 25.9 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | -2.2 | -0.2 | -1.2 | -1.2 | -1.0 | -1.1 | -1.3 | -1.5 | -0.6 | -0.5 | 0.1 | 0.2 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 3,216.7 | 2,276.9 | 2,637.5 | 2,606.6 | 2,732.2 | 2,764.3 | 2,771.1 | 2,664.6 | 2,918.9 | 2,968.7 | 2,604.2 | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 4,758.7 | 3,673.6 | 4,992.3 | 5,124.6 | 5,388.0 | 5,353.9 | 5,395.4 | 5,304.9 | 5,561.0 | 5,536.5 | 5,360.5 | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 20,632,090,909.1 | 13,245,990,274.5 | 50,765,918,159.1 | 53,929,397,039.2 | 59,167,647,387.6 | 66,097,226,262.2 | 68,507,731,353.9 | 70,486,877,546.5 | 84,374,613,233.4 | 90,506,153,293.7 | 102,199,231,384.5 | 113,343,355,780.0 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | -9.1 | 4.6 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 3.8 | -3.1 | 7.8 | 4.1 | 1.7 | 3.4 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 26.2 | 7.4 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 5.3 | 4.3 | 7.0 | 15.9 | 8.0 | 7.2 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 17.7 | 11.0 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 2.5 | 2.4 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 51.3 | 22.7 | 24.0 | 24.5 | 24.0 | 22.2 | 21.6 | 21.8 | 20.8 | 25.3 | 22.7 | 21.1 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 33.1 | 36.2 | 63.8 | 63.9 | 67.0 | 65.9 | 64.3 | 56.5 | 61.8 | 70.0 | 62.0 | 56.4 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 36.7 | 41.5 | 63.0 | 58.9 | 62.6 | 63.2 | 61.0 | 53.9 | 59.4 | 68.9 | 57.9 | 53.9 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 25.6 | 19.0 | 21.0 | 19.0 | 19.8 | 21.2 | 20.7 | 20.2 | 20.7 | 22.7 | 19.8 | 20.4 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 47.1 | 36.2 | 33.5 | 32.2 | 33.0 | 34.9 | 36.0 | 33.3 | 33.9 | 36.5 | 34.8 | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 23.8 | 20.5 | 20.1 | 20.3 | 20.5 | 20.0 | 20.6 | 20.2 | 20.6 | 21.7 | 20.5 | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.8 | 2.7 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 3.1 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 2.1 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 9.2 | 128.1 | 125.9 | 120.6 | 119.4 | 116.6 | 114.6 | 114.9 | 116.7 | 117.9 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 8.5 | 9.0 | 9.6 | 10.4 | 10.9 | 11.3 | 10.9 | 10.4 | 12.1 | 13.4 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 49.1 | 86.0 | 107.5 | 102.9 | 110.9 | 108.1 | 103.6 | 95.1 | 103.5 | 119.2 | 99.4 | 88.6 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 86.7 | 100.0 | 101.8 | 99.8 | 97.1 | 96.9 | 101.2 | 99.9 | 97.0 | 97.3 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 10,889,618,418.3 | 12,008,623,065.1 | 40,378,595,624.5 | 39,994,027,753.1 | 40,989,144,703.6 | 40,103,456,193.4 | 40,501,402,414.8 | 46,867,045,226.7 | 44,946,801,413.5 | 47,206,483,345.4 | .. | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 19.4 | 17.5 | 28.3 | 22.8 | 21.1 | 15.3 | 12.7 | 12.2 | 10.8 | 14.2 | 10.7 | 11.1 | |
| Net migration | -116,817.0 | -26,211.0 | -4,227.0 | -9,482.0 | -6,109.0 | -3,873.0 | -2,156.0 | 30,167.0 | 11,756.0 | 26,498.0 | 5,173.0 | 524.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | .. | 58,235,451.4 | 1,523,870,000.0 | 1,629,140,000.0 | 2,079,620,000.0 | 2,122,180,000.0 | 2,135,650,000.0 | 1,985,450,000.0 | 2,010,320,000.0 | 2,092,050,000.0 | 2,286,420,000.0 | 2,642,960,000.0 | |
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