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| Population, total | 56,015,628.0 | 65,425,961.0 | 78,218,479.0 | 79,277,962.0 | 80,312,698.0 | 81,407,204.0 | 82,579,440.0 | 83,384,680.0 | 84,147,318.0 | 84,979,913.0 | 85,325,965.0 | 85,518,661.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 1.9 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0.2 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 785,350.0 | 785,350.0 | 785,350.0 | 785,350.0 | 785,350.0 | 785,350.0 | 785,350.0 | 785,350.0 | 785,350.0 | 785,350.0 | 785,350.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 72.8 | 85.0 | 101.6 | 103.0 | 104.4 | 105.8 | 107.3 | 108.3 | 109.3 | 110.4 | 110.9 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | 14.3 | 13.5 | 13.9 | 14.4 | 15.0 | 14.4 | 14.4 | 13.5 | 13.6 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | 1.3 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.5 | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 124,381,709,504.1 | 272,932,598,326.6 | 944,502,208,992.5 | 898,806,316,360.5 | 890,530,367,650.3 | 867,127,759,543.5 | 809,413,523,392.4 | 763,819,836,078.7 | 841,952,871,536.5 | 903,945,921,658.3 | 1,000,633,233,312.5 | 1,124,431,545,042.6 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,220.0 | 4,170.0 | 12,080.0 | 11,340.0 | 11,090.0 | 10,650.0 | 9,800.0 | 9,160.0 | 10,010.0 | 10,640.0 | 11,730.0 | 13,150.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 454,106,450,853.5 | 600,126,727,000.6 | 2,000,276,645,195.6 | 2,094,058,002,898.0 | 2,235,985,927,703.1 | 2,271,023,812,355.6 | 2,313,731,935,404.6 | 2,362,924,481,399.0 | 2,602,653,980,859.1 | 3,290,512,624,407.5 | 3,574,638,680,422.9 | 3,712,212,778,179.2 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 8,110.0 | 9,170.0 | 25,570.0 | 26,410.0 | 27,840.0 | 27,900.0 | 28,020.0 | 28,340.0 | 30,930.0 | 38,720.0 | 41,890.0 | 43,410.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.4 | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 67.8 | 71.9 | 76.5 | 76.6 | 77.0 | 77.5 | 77.7 | 76.5 | 75.7 | 77.6 | 77.2 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.1 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.5 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 65.9 | 53.4 | 25.6 | 24.2 | 22.3 | 19.8 | 17.5 | 15.3 | 13.6 | 12.2 | 12.1 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 69.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | 99.0 | .. | 98.0 | 99.2 | 97.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 73.8 | 37.4 | 13.3 | 12.6 | 12.0 | 11.5 | 11.0 | 10.5 | 10.1 | 9.6 | 12.8 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 78.0 | 87.0 | 97.0 | 98.0 | 96.0 | 96.0 | 97.0 | 95.0 | 96.0 | 95.0 | 95.0 | 95.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | .. | 98.8 | 134.5 | 92.6 | 91.0 | 96.6 | 100.6 | 103.4 | 101.5 | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | .. | 105.3 | 107.3 | 105.3 | 97.5 | 100.9 | 104.0 | 103.3 | 102.6 | 102.5 | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 74.6 | 107.2 | 108.5 | 113.0 | 112.1 | 111.9 | 112.5 | 114.1 | 116.0 | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 197,834.8 | 201,483.5 | 216,303.0 | 216,303.0 | 217,524.6 | 219,083.6 | 220,643.6 | 222,203.6 | 223,763.6 | 225,323.6 | 226,883.6 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 18.5 | 23.7 | 26.3 | 25.9 | 26.9 | 27.5 | 27.4 | 25.7 | 28.4 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 0.8 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 918.3 | 1,166.0 | 1,646.8 | 1,724.5 | 1,828.0 | 1,771.3 | 1,774.2 | 1,762.0 | 1,894.6 | 1,841.6 | 1,849.5 | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 894.9 | 1,597.5 | 2,930.2 | 3,073.7 | 3,262.8 | 3,347.8 | 3,294.2 | 3,318.8 | 3,587.5 | 3,554.2 | 3,581.3 | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 150,655,500,191.6 | 274,294,623,164.0 | 864,313,810,469.0 | 869,682,881,593.0 | 858,988,492,853.7 | 778,972,108,040.6 | 761,005,915,750.9 | 720,338,490,327.2 | 819,865,223,976.1 | 907,118,434,653.5 | 1,118,252,958,513.7 | 1,323,254,808,058.7 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 9.3 | 6.9 | 6.1 | 3.3 | 7.5 | 3.0 | 0.8 | 1.9 | 11.4 | 5.5 | 5.1 | 3.2 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 58.2 | 49.4 | 7.8 | 8.1 | 11.0 | 16.5 | 13.9 | 14.8 | 29.0 | 96.0 | 68.2 | 58.5 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 17.5 | 10.0 | 6.9 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 5.6 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 31.1 | 26.8 | 27.8 | 28.1 | 29.1 | 29.4 | 27.3 | 28.0 | 31.1 | 31.3 | 28.4 | 25.9 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 13.4 | 19.9 | 24.5 | 23.1 | 26.0 | 31.2 | 33.1 | 29.1 | 35.7 | 38.6 | 31.9 | 28.0 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 17.6 | 22.5 | 26.6 | 25.2 | 29.7 | 31.4 | 30.1 | 32.2 | 35.3 | 42.6 | 34.4 | 27.8 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 24.5 | 23.7 | 28.2 | 28.0 | 30.7 | 29.5 | 24.9 | 31.3 | 31.4 | 35.0 | 30.0 | 25.5 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 13.7 | .. | 30.4 | 30.8 | 29.5 | 30.3 | 29.2 | 29.6 | 29.9 | 25.8 | 29.4 | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 77.1 | 80.1 | 80.3 | 82.2 | 82.8 | 100.2 | 95.3 | 74.1 | 66.0 | 59.6 | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 11.6 | .. | 18.2 | 18.3 | 17.7 | 17.3 | 16.5 | 17.7 | 17.9 | 16.1 | 18.5 | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.5 | 3.7 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 1.5 | .. | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.1 | 24.7 | 92.0 | 91.9 | 93.6 | 94.9 | 94.6 | 95.4 | 99.5 | 103.7 | 105.7 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 3.4 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 5.1 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 23.4 | 30.0 | 42.2 | 40.4 | 46.9 | 52.4 | 51.4 | 54.0 | 60.6 | 68.1 | 55.2 | 45.8 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 111.6 | 102.3 | 100.0 | 104.0 | 98.6 | 95.0 | 94.7 | 99.6 | 88.6 | 76.0 | 86.7 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 49,424,152,195.2 | 116,799,280,014.0 | 399,739,340,547.3 | 399,311,907,395.3 | 447,424,576,718.5 | 426,808,135,352.0 | 414,870,032,426.6 | 429,769,826,587.1 | 436,370,123,073.1 | 457,917,129,054.5 | 499,842,484,724.0 | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 33.8 | 38.9 | 25.2 | 36.2 | 37.2 | 33.3 | 33.0 | 40.4 | 24.8 | 19.6 | 20.7 | .. | |
| Net migration | -27,193.0 | -195,996.0 | 1,063,140.0 | 352,063.0 | 659,846.0 | 187,570.0 | -15,690.0 | 37,934.0 | 20,283.0 | -301,544.0 | -318,070.0 | -275,952.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 3,246,000,000.0 | 4,560,000,000.0 | 1,401,000,000.0 | 1,201,000,000.0 | 1,056,000,000.0 | 1,147,000,000.0 | 856,000,000.0 | 816,000,000.0 | 726,000,000.0 | 696,000,000.0 | 1,029,000,000.0 | 982,000,000.0 | |
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