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Population, total | 8,440,023.0 | 9,893,316.0 | 11,428,948.0 | 11,557,779.0 | 11,685,667.0 | 11,811,443.0 | 11,933,041.0 | 12,049,314.0 | 12,161,723.0 | 12,262,946.0 | 12,356,117.0 | 12,458,223.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 163,610.0 | 163,610.0 | 163,610.0 | 163,610.0 | 163,610.0 | 163,610.0 | 163,610.0 | 163,610.0 | 163,610.0 | 163,610.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 54.3 | 63.7 | 73.6 | 74.4 | 75.2 | 76.0 | 76.8 | 77.6 | 78.3 | 78.9 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | 25.4 | .. | 15.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 16.6 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | 9.3 | 4.3 | .. | 0.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.3 | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 11,648,341,434.7 | 22,079,088,389.2 | 48,570,398,008.5 | 47,041,033,757.5 | 45,269,780,061.6 | 43,115,970,803.1 | 43,579,974,553.4 | 42,654,666,542.8 | 39,258,016,590.8 | 43,801,584,956.9 | 47,039,301,519.0 | 46,907,404,866.5 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,380.0 | 2,230.0 | 4,250.0 | 4,070.0 | 3,870.0 | 3,650.0 | 3,650.0 | 3,540.0 | 3,230.0 | 3,570.0 | 3,810.0 | 3,770.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 30,561,344,675.6 | 58,760,611,387.0 | 119,235,919,556.8 | 119,776,016,615.6 | 124,009,382,893.0 | 128,424,124,617.9 | 135,938,136,878.1 | 144,509,085,820.2 | 138,016,726,344.3 | 145,187,702,613.0 | 160,186,045,310.3 | 165,847,822,759.8 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 3,620.0 | 5,940.0 | 10,430.0 | 10,360.0 | 10,610.0 | 10,870.0 | 11,390.0 | 11,990.0 | 11,350.0 | 11,840.0 | 12,960.0 | 13,310.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | 5.9 | 6.0 | .. | 7.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.7 | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 70.1 | 73.7 | 75.7 | 75.7 | 75.8 | 75.8 | 76.0 | 76.0 | 75.3 | 73.8 | 74.3 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.5 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 18.6 | 7.7 | 9.3 | 9.6 | 9.0 | 8.2 | 7.5 | 7.1 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 6.6 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 65.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 50.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 89.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 99.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 55.0 | 29.4 | 18.0 | 17.6 | 17.1 | 16.3 | 15.4 | 14.4 | 13.3 | 12.3 | 11.5 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 3.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 93.0 | 95.0 | 98.0 | 98.0 | 96.0 | 98.0 | 96.0 | 98.0 | 98.0 | 95.0 | 95.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 76.1 | 85.7 | 97.0 | 97.3 | 91.2 | 86.9 | .. | .. | 97.7 | 97.2 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 108.7 | 112.4 | 105.9 | 106.1 | 106.2 | 106.6 | 106.2 | .. | 105.3 | 105.0 | 103.9 | 103.5 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 41.4 | 70.9 | 85.8 | 86.8 | 91.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 1.0 | .. | .. | 1.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 6,439.8 | 6,678.5 | 6,935.5 | 6,950.8 | 6,966.1 | 6,981.4 | 6,996.7 | 7,012.0 | 7,027.3 | 7,042.6 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 73.1 | 62.0 | 84.0 | 86.4 | 88.8 | 84.1 | 90.1 | 90.4 | 92.1 | 92.1 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.6 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.3 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 586.1 | 738.5 | 920.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 616.8 | 958.2 | 1,408.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 12,290,568,181.8 | 21,473,528,160.8 | 50,271,812,920.6 | 45,779,494,041.9 | 44,360,072,680.4 | 42,163,530,590.9 | 42,686,580,020.8 | 41,905,540,184.4 | 42,491,816,475.7 | 46,812,290,143.3 | 44,579,761,022.9 | 48,529,595,416.7 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 7.9 | 4.7 | 3.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 1.6 | -8.6 | 4.6 | 2.6 | 0.4 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 4.5 | 3.3 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 7.9 | 7.1 | 6.3 | 4.6 | 3.1 | 8.5 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 15.7 | 10.0 | 8.6 | 9.2 | 8.5 | 9.0 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 10.4 | 10.1 | 10.8 | 9.5 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 29.8 | 26.8 | 27.1 | 24.9 | 24.0 | 23.6 | 23.7 | 23.2 | 21.5 | 23.4 | 24.9 | 23.5 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 43.6 | 39.7 | 42.9 | 38.4 | 38.3 | 41.7 | 45.5 | 46.0 | 38.0 | 42.0 | 51.4 | 51.1 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 50.6 | 42.9 | 53.2 | 48.8 | 48.8 | 54.1 | 58.4 | 56.4 | 46.3 | 52.2 | 65.3 | 58.1 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 27.1 | 25.9 | 23.9 | 21.7 | 20.5 | 21.3 | 23.0 | 19.8 | 12.7 | 15.5 | 16.6 | 13.5 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 26.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | 66.4 | 81.8 | 84.8 | 87.8 | 92.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 20.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.5 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 1.2 | 125.0 | 126.3 | 122.2 | 121.4 | 123.8 | 122.6 | 122.1 | 127.6 | 129.3 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 6.8 | 7.8 | 7.9 | 7.4 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 7.6 | 7.2 | 7.2 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 73.5 | 67.1 | 82.7 | 74.9 | 74.5 | 82.7 | 89.6 | 87.1 | 75.7 | 83.7 | 101.4 | 93.7 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 104.7 | 95.9 | 108.8 | 100.0 | 101.5 | 97.5 | 96.5 | 96.1 | 99.5 | 91.2 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 7,689,870,905.1 | 11,355,178,322.9 | 26,936,706,203.8 | 27,487,161,065.7 | 28,827,589,266.2 | 33,501,134,243.1 | 35,051,946,556.4 | 39,444,820,155.0 | 41,116,676,993.5 | 41,668,314,091.8 | 39,652,035,126.9 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 27.0 | 22.1 | 9.0 | 10.3 | 12.0 | 17.0 | 15.1 | 16.3 | 19.6 | 21.2 | 17.8 | .. | |
Net migration | 7,453.0 | -17,475.0 | -26,591.0 | -25,230.0 | -23,826.0 | -22,368.0 | -21,013.0 | -19,609.0 | -9,189.0 | -9,189.0 | -4,000.0 | -4,000.0 | |
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