| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Population, total | 3,998,761.0 | 5,140,037.0 | 7,663,195.0 | 7,858,289.0 | 8,057,140.0 | 8,258,778.0 | 8,463,068.0 | 8,669,720.0 | 8,878,379.0 | 9,089,738.0 | 9,304,337.0 | 9,515,236.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | 56,790.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 73.5 | 94.5 | 140.9 | 144.5 | 148.1 | 151.8 | 155.6 | 159.4 | 163.2 | 167.1 | 171.1 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | 55.1 | .. | .. | 45.5 | .. | .. | 43.8 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | 61.5 | .. | .. | 35.1 | .. | .. | 34.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,151,002,890.8 | 2,158,814,138.2 | 6,435,797,134.3 | 6,258,871,779.2 | 6,215,736,778.4 | 6,882,190,464.7 | 7,273,755,338.7 | 7,520,559,186.2 | 8,221,858,541.7 | 9,095,267,856.1 | 9,772,155,724.5 | 10,321,572,226.1 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 540.0 | 420.0 | 840.0 | 800.0 | 770.0 | 830.0 | 860.0 | 870.0 | 930.0 | 1,000.0 | 1,050.0 | 1,080.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 4,376,623,866.7 | 6,664,310,683.7 | 14,756,251,021.1 | 15,298,589,692.7 | 16,010,179,982.2 | 17,118,411,210.8 | 18,802,447,667.3 | 20,787,235,774.5 | 23,479,502,746.4 | 26,712,320,226.6 | 29,379,234,527.1 | 32,119,108,706.9 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,090.0 | 1,300.0 | 1,930.0 | 1,950.0 | 1,990.0 | 2,070.0 | 2,220.0 | 2,400.0 | 2,640.0 | 2,940.0 | 3,160.0 | 3,380.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | 5.1 | .. | .. | 5.8 | .. | .. | 6.8 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 54.6 | 54.6 | 59.2 | 59.7 | 60.1 | 60.6 | 61.1 | 61.1 | 61.3 | 62.3 | 62.7 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.1 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 104.3 | 96.3 | 84.6 | 84.1 | 83.3 | 82.4 | 81.6 | 80.8 | 79.7 | 78.3 | 77.1 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 25.7 | .. | .. | 23.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 35.4 | .. | .. | 69.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 147.2 | 119.6 | 75.6 | 73.2 | 70.9 | 68.6 | 66.3 | 64.3 | 62.2 | 60.2 | 58.3 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 15.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 73.0 | 58.0 | 75.0 | 73.0 | 78.0 | 73.0 | 78.0 | 75.0 | 77.0 | 79.0 | 81.0 | 81.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 34.3 | 64.9 | .. | 93.0 | 90.9 | 87.8 | 84.3 | 84.5 | 85.5 | 85.7 | 87.3 | 91.2 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 88.8 | 110.8 | 125.6 | 121.5 | 119.4 | 117.8 | 117.7 | 119.3 | 117.0 | 118.4 | 116.3 | 114.3 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 19.9 | 31.6 | .. | .. | 60.8 | .. | .. | .. | 63.1 | .. | 63.4 | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.6 | 0.7 | .. | .. | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.9 | 3.7 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.6 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 13,616.6 | 12,684.6 | 12,240.7 | 12,211.1 | 12,181.5 | 12,151.9 | 12,122.3 | 12,092.7 | 12,063.1 | 12,033.5 | 12,003.9 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 21.8 | 21.8 | 21.8 | 21.8 | 21.8 | 22.1 | 22.1 | 22.1 | 22.1 | 22.3 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 0.9 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.4 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 3.5 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 316.0 | 410.7 | 400.7 | 422.8 | 403.9 | 411.0 | 414.0 | 424.6 | 422.5 | 425.4 | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 85.8 | 91.2 | 91.6 | 126.6 | 170.4 | 125.4 | 167.1 | 162.1 | 161.5 | 191.9 | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 2,299,665,505.6 | 2,106,848,752.3 | 5,755,457,836.0 | 6,071,167,584.2 | 6,387,424,239.9 | 7,029,215,766.5 | 6,992,654,019.3 | 7,486,031,561.9 | 8,541,668,141.3 | 8,646,453,099.4 | 9,816,236,302.6 | 10,651,180,146.5 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | -0.2 | -0.8 | 5.5 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 2.2 | 5.1 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.5 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 3.0 | 10.0 | 2.2 | 1.5 | -0.9 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 2.9 | 4.6 | 7.1 | 4.0 | 1.8 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 15.2 | 14.8 | 18.9 | 20.4 | 20.3 | 19.6 | 19.5 | 19.2 | 20.6 | 21.2 | 21.3 | 21.3 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 26.2 | 30.3 | 22.9 | 20.9 | 20.4 | 21.0 | 19.3 | 20.1 | 20.0 | 21.2 | 20.8 | 20.4 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 26.2 | 20.2 | 26.7 | 26.7 | 25.3 | 24.3 | 23.9 | 23.1 | 23.1 | 25.0 | .. | .. | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 33.5 | 28.7 | 42.4 | 39.7 | 32.9 | 33.2 | 32.4 | 32.0 | 33.2 | 36.6 | .. | .. | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 36.1 | 29.5 | 25.2 | 20.2 | 16.8 | 19.1 | 18.6 | 19.8 | 21.5 | 24.5 | .. | .. | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.1 | .. | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 4.1 | 3.0 | 2.0 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 1.0 | 63.4 | 70.1 | 75.3 | 74.4 | 73.7 | 75.2 | 70.4 | 72.2 | 75.8 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.7 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 36.9 | 43.9 | 58.2 | 54.3 | 45.2 | 45.5 | 45.0 | 46.3 | 46.5 | 51.3 | 49.2 | 47.9 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 116.5 | 87.4 | 100.0 | 104.6 | 101.8 | 101.0 | 101.8 | 99.7 | 104.5 | 106.6 | 107.5 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 1,280,414,838.0 | 1,445,960,550.9 | 1,104,695,218.3 | 1,213,797,944.2 | 1,634,591,475.6 | 1,705,711,508.7 | 2,008,722,642.7 | 2,568,770,933.8 | 3,544,978,710.2 | 3,281,657,367.7 | 3,439,839,395.5 | 4,294,139,883.4 | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 12.3 | 6.6 | 3.3 | 4.9 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.4 | 8.9 | 11.7 | 11.1 | 13.8 | |
| Net migration | 44.0 | 4,715.0 | -1,976.0 | -1,979.0 | -1,985.0 | -1,985.0 | -1,985.0 | -986.0 | -986.0 | -1,997.0 | -1,997.0 | -14,014.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 26,874,572.8 | 34,234,286.8 | 363,741,802.8 | 367,166,876.4 | 403,610,143.0 | 450,814,504.6 | 507,962,802.0 | 650,385,610.2 | 600,000,000.0 | 600,000,000.0 | 600,000,000.0 | 600,000,000.0 | |
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