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Population, total | 516,629,688.0 | 671,212,486.0 | 981,506,608.0 | 1,008,698,799.0 | 1,036,155,989.0 | 1,063,885,274.0 | 1,092,403,973.0 | 1,121,549,049.0 | 1,151,302,081.0 | 1,181,163,013.0 | 1,211,190,002.0 | 1,241,897,817.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 24,273,011.0 | 24,273,011.0 | 24,328,272.0 | 24,328,325.5 | 24,328,312.9 | 24,328,307.3 | 24,328,313.4 | 24,328,307.1 | 24,328,265.9 | 24,328,265.9 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 21.9 | 28.4 | 41.1 | 42.2 | 43.4 | 44.5 | 45.7 | 46.9 | 48.2 | 49.4 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | 54.6 | 56.0 | 38.1 | 38.2 | 38.0 | 37.5 | 36.9 | 36.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | 450,483,069,997.6 | 1,800,754,226,207.1 | 1,746,351,306,954.6 | 1,615,716,830,628.1 | 1,554,168,477,618.6 | 1,651,002,933,976.3 | 1,767,142,856,917.0 | 1,746,704,101,302.3 | 1,868,148,015,819.9 | 1,993,435,658,426.5 | 2,039,533,222,857.3 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | 671.1 | 1,834.7 | 1,731.3 | 1,559.3 | 1,460.8 | 1,511.3 | 1,575.6 | 1,517.2 | 1,581.6 | 1,645.8 | 1,642.3 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 909,589,878,945.7 | 1,394,429,677,669.7 | 3,556,803,701,978.2 | 3,673,795,167,306.9 | 3,829,202,957,530.4 | 3,965,117,779,255.9 | 4,161,488,100,965.6 | 4,445,824,910,599.5 | 4,511,120,837,834.8 | 4,921,525,462,678.7 | 5,455,068,994,323.9 | 5,853,856,112,493.8 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,760.6 | 2,077.5 | 3,623.8 | 3,642.1 | 3,695.6 | 3,727.0 | 3,809.5 | 3,964.0 | 3,918.3 | 4,166.7 | 4,503.9 | 4,713.6 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 49.8 | 51.3 | 59.1 | 59.6 | 60.1 | 60.5 | 60.9 | 61.2 | 60.8 | 60.2 | 60.8 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.3 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.5 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 138.3 | 128.0 | 113.5 | 110.3 | 107.3 | 104.9 | 103.7 | 103.0 | 101.5 | 100.4 | 98.7 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 15.4 | 22.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 32.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 41.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 64.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 178.9 | 150.8 | 88.8 | 86.4 | 84.0 | 81.8 | 79.5 | 77.2 | 75.0 | 72.8 | 70.7 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 24.8 | 18.8 | 18.4 | 18.1 | 17.7 | 17.3 | 17.0 | 16.6 | 16.3 | 15.9 | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 56.7 | 52.3 | 69.0 | 68.2 | 68.3 | 69.9 | 70.1 | 71.0 | 70.0 | 68.3 | 68.6 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 54.3 | 53.6 | 67.6 | 67.8 | 68.2 | 68.6 | 69.4 | 69.8 | 70.5 | 71.3 | 70.3 | 69.9 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 71.7 | 80.3 | 98.3 | 96.7 | 96.7 | 97.1 | 97.7 | 98.4 | 99.0 | 98.1 | 98.0 | 98.3 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 23.0 | 25.6 | 43.0 | 43.5 | 43.0 | 43.2 | 43.3 | 44.0 | 44.5 | 45.0 | 44.8 | 44.8 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 2.9 | 5.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 3.8 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 7,339,644.5 | 7,012,357.0 | 6,510,132.4 | 6,470,986.5 | 6,430,836.9 | 6,391,509.3 | 6,352,213.4 | 6,311,896.3 | 6,271,975.7 | 6,231,790.8 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 14.2 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.8 | 14.6 | 14.7 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.9 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 688.1 | 654.0 | 679.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 521.2 | 510.2 | 481.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 373,699,392,898.2 | 428,346,156,748.0 | 1,874,275,100,667.0 | 1,668,662,993,704.7 | 1,522,011,045,162.8 | 1,625,855,640,496.8 | 1,780,908,927,291.3 | 1,830,460,925,279.6 | 1,716,220,805,506.5 | 1,932,765,211,586.7 | 2,061,102,939,319.2 | 2,032,749,202,553.1 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 2.4 | 3.5 | 4.9 | 2.9 | 1.2 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 2.7 | -2.0 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 3.0 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 10.6 | 8.5 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 4.6 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 2.7 | 3.5 | 5.3 | 8.5 | 6.5 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 19.4 | 15.3 | 15.4 | 16.3 | 16.4 | 15.9 | 15.6 | 16.2 | 18.2 | 17.0 | 17.3 | 17.2 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 29.6 | 28.5 | 27.2 | 24.2 | 23.4 | 25.2 | 27.3 | 26.9 | 26.2 | 27.5 | 28.3 | 27.4 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 23.5 | 28.1 | 24.6 | 21.5 | 21.6 | 23.5 | 24.6 | 23.0 | 21.1 | 24.9 | 26.9 | 25.8 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 21.6 | 26.4 | 26.5 | 25.9 | 25.1 | 25.3 | 25.6 | 23.9 | 22.3 | 24.4 | 27.4 | 27.4 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 23.2 | 22.8 | 24.1 | 24.4 | 23.7 | 24.0 | 23.3 | 22.8 | 22.2 | 22.8 | 23.7 | 24.5 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 29.1 | 28.9 | 28.2 | 24.1 | 23.2 | 21.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.2 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 1.7 | 69.4 | 73.3 | 71.5 | 70.8 | 74.4 | 77.4 | 81.0 | 82.9 | 87.6 | 89.2 | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 5.7 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 6.5 | 6.4 | 5.6 | 4.7 | 5.9 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 32.9 | 41.9 | 46.1 | 40.8 | 39.2 | 40.0 | 41.9 | 39.6 | 35.7 | 41.2 | 44.8 | 42.2 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Net migration | -506,599.0 | -587,161.0 | -480,026.0 | 34,532.0 | -1,031,994.0 | -543,898.0 | -621,993.0 | -515,962.0 | -148,716.0 | -444,246.0 | -460,391.0 | -455,082.0 | |
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