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| Population, total | 5,399,726.0 | 5,943,366.0 | 6,183,676.0 | 6,200,800.0 | 6,213,533.0 | 6,219,807.0 | 6,222,318.0 | 6,234,673.0 | 6,255,782.0 | 6,280,319.0 | 6,309,624.0 | 6,338,193.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 1.9 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 21,040.0 | 21,040.0 | 21,040.0 | 21,040.0 | 21,040.0 | 21,040.0 | 21,040.0 | 21,040.0 | 21,040.0 | 21,040.0 | 21,040.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 260.6 | 286.8 | 298.4 | 299.3 | 299.9 | 300.2 | 300.3 | 300.9 | 301.9 | 303.1 | 304.5 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 26.2 | 24.6 | 26.6 | 27.2 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 18.4 | 5.3 | 5.8 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 3.0 | .. | 5.1 | 5.2 | 4.6 | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 4,739,749,287.3 | 11,209,909,097.8 | 21,764,575,109.2 | 22,295,959,534.2 | 23,009,116,412.2 | 24,503,563,518.9 | 25,696,389,752.3 | 23,674,586,507.5 | 27,385,712,597.1 | 29,588,979,933.5 | 31,247,059,617.9 | 32,452,737,359.2 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 880.0 | 1,890.0 | 3,520.0 | 3,600.0 | 3,700.0 | 3,940.0 | 4,130.0 | 3,800.0 | 4,380.0 | 4,710.0 | 4,950.0 | 5,120.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 15,014,418,593.7 | 25,719,714,814.0 | 46,774,257,454.8 | 49,730,228,036.6 | 52,611,174,848.2 | 54,011,440,208.0 | 57,680,812,239.9 | 55,323,724,880.6 | 63,692,919,937.3 | 70,027,629,768.2 | 74,948,565,618.7 | 78,706,381,868.4 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 2,780.0 | 4,330.0 | 7,560.0 | 8,020.0 | 8,470.0 | 8,680.0 | 9,270.0 | 8,870.0 | 10,180.0 | 11,150.0 | 11,880.0 | 12,420.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 3.2 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.3 | .. | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 62.0 | 67.7 | 71.0 | 70.9 | 71.0 | 71.4 | 71.7 | 70.2 | 69.9 | 72.0 | 72.1 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.0 | 3.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 122.9 | 103.7 | 69.3 | 65.1 | 61.1 | 57.9 | 57.7 | 56.9 | 56.1 | 54.9 | 54.2 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 53.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 59.4 | 32.3 | 14.5 | 13.9 | 13.3 | 12.7 | 12.2 | 11.7 | 11.2 | 10.8 | 10.4 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 98.0 | 97.0 | 97.0 | 98.0 | 89.0 | 87.0 | 96.0 | 84.0 | 97.0 | 80.0 | 99.0 | 96.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 86.1 | 93.3 | 92.5 | 91.9 | 89.7 | .. | 82.4 | 83.8 | 79.7 | 80.8 | 82.6 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | .. | 107.4 | 104.1 | 101.8 | 98.3 | 96.8 | 91.6 | 90.7 | 89.1 | 89.1 | 90.9 | 89.9 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 54.8 | 70.7 | 68.3 | 66.1 | 66.9 | 64.8 | 65.2 | 65.0 | 65.2 | 65.6 | 62.1 | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 7,188.8 | 6,738.8 | 6,063.8 | 6,018.8 | 5,973.8 | 5,928.8 | 5,883.8 | 5,838.8 | 5,793.8 | 5,748.8 | 5,703.8 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 8.8 | 12.9 | 12.8 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 12.6 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.4 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.2 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 457.2 | 537.1 | 674.4 | 687.0 | 674.7 | 694.6 | 734.8 | 669.9 | 722.1 | 768.7 | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 343.9 | 609.3 | 1,019.1 | 1,007.9 | 1,016.8 | 1,017.7 | 1,057.8 | 989.5 | 1,070.7 | 1,110.0 | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 4,817,542,204.0 | 11,784,927,700.0 | 23,438,240,000.0 | 24,191,430,000.0 | 24,979,190,000.0 | 26,020,850,000.0 | 26,881,140,000.0 | 24,921,190,000.0 | 29,043,140,000.0 | 31,870,120,000.0 | 33,853,940,000.0 | 35,364,960,000.0 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 4.8 | 1.1 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.4 | -7.9 | 11.9 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 2.6 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 5.1 | 3.3 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 4.1 | 6.6 | 2.6 | 1.8 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 16.0 | 7.2 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.4 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 23.3 | 26.9 | 25.3 | 24.8 | 25.2 | 25.1 | 25.3 | 23.7 | 24.1 | 23.7 | 23.2 | 22.4 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 18.5 | 26.8 | 29.5 | 28.5 | 29.0 | 28.9 | 30.0 | 24.5 | 28.8 | 32.4 | 31.4 | 32.8 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 31.1 | 41.9 | 47.1 | 44.4 | 45.3 | 46.7 | 46.1 | 41.9 | 53.1 | 56.3 | 50.3 | 51.9 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 13.8 | 17.7 | 16.0 | 16.0 | 16.7 | 18.4 | 18.3 | 17.2 | 23.4 | 24.5 | 20.7 | 20.3 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | 15.5 | 20.8 | 23.7 | 25.1 | 24.9 | 24.1 | 23.6 | 28.6 | 28.2 | 26.1 | 26.9 | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 90.4 | 92.3 | 94.4 | 97.4 | 100.5 | 115.8 | 108.1 | 108.9 | 110.3 | 111.4 | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | 10.6 | 16.8 | 17.4 | 17.8 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 18.4 | 19.7 | 21.2 | 20.7 | 21.5 | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.4 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 12.5 | 150.9 | 155.4 | 152.5 | 151.7 | 167.1 | 159.6 | 177.0 | 183.2 | 179.7 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 5.0 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 5.1 | 6.4 | 7.2 | 7.9 | 6.4 | 5.5 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 38.3 | 66.9 | 67.4 | 63.0 | 65.4 | 66.8 | 65.1 | 59.0 | 72.3 | 76.0 | 65.4 | 63.4 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 89.0 | 105.7 | 100.0 | 104.1 | 101.4 | 97.4 | 99.0 | 103.3 | 94.5 | 91.6 | 97.0 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 2,232,089,054.6 | 4,535,064,825.0 | 15,604,154,313.2 | 16,582,870,003.6 | 17,192,280,768.2 | 16,686,606,483.9 | 17,368,634,891.6 | 18,485,326,634.2 | 20,341,989,714.6 | 21,188,282,065.6 | 22,861,743,174.6 | 24,961,880,871.3 | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 21.7 | 14.2 | 18.6 | 20.1 | 51.6 | 45.5 | 67.8 | 82.0 | 67.9 | 32.2 | 83.1 | 96.2 | |
| Net migration | -39,689.0 | -94,861.0 | -51,278.0 | -47,491.0 | -50,608.0 | -54,163.0 | -55,144.0 | -25,213.0 | -27,343.0 | -23,255.0 | -23,253.0 | -23,102.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 366,278,900.1 | 1,764,200,000.0 | 4,274,620,676.0 | 4,561,580,071.0 | 4,996,353,544.7 | 5,391,738,702.0 | 5,656,754,219.2 | 5,931,312,888.6 | 7,622,444,558.2 | 7,851,002,206.4 | 8,286,893,910.8 | 8,488,402,967.3 | |
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