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| Population, total | 3,047,132.0 | 4,027,887.0 | 5,535,002.0 | 5,607,283.0 | 5,612,253.0 | 5,638,676.0 | 5,703,569.0 | 5,685,807.0 | 5,453,566.0 | 5,637,022.0 | 5,917,648.0 | 6,036,860.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 3.9 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 1.1 | -0.3 | -4.2 | 3.3 | 4.9 | 2.0 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 680.0 | 680.0 | 719.0 | 719.0 | 722.0 | 724.0 | 726.0 | 728.0 | 728.0 | 728.0 | 728.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 4,548.0 | 6,011.8 | 7,806.8 | 7,908.7 | 7,882.4 | 7,897.3 | 7,965.9 | 7,919.0 | 7,595.5 | 7,851.0 | 8,241.8 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 34,878,922,596.5 | 95,391,028,847.2 | 294,216,880,670.2 | 299,826,763,586.8 | 309,978,778,943.9 | 317,812,310,263.2 | 333,286,166,554.7 | 317,161,903,207.9 | 354,562,411,056.4 | 377,197,768,442.7 | 413,365,031,125.2 | 451,255,703,972.8 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 11,450.0 | 23,680.0 | 53,160.0 | 53,470.0 | 55,230.0 | 56,360.0 | 58,430.0 | 55,780.0 | 65,010.0 | 66,910.0 | 69,850.0 | 74,750.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 71,838,367,721.6 | 175,268,013,287.6 | 449,493,482,173.0 | 474,207,796,200.8 | 502,239,029,650.8 | 512,433,576,538.3 | 528,048,046,032.3 | 503,191,514,198.4 | 614,624,453,821.8 | 645,035,480,979.9 | 694,362,120,881.1 | 761,799,474,410.3 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 23,580.0 | 43,510.0 | 81,210.0 | 84,570.0 | 89,490.0 | 90,880.0 | 92,580.0 | 88,500.0 | 112,700.0 | 114,430.0 | 117,340.0 | 126,190.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 75.3 | 78.0 | 82.7 | 82.8 | 83.1 | 83.3 | 83.6 | 83.5 | 83.1 | 82.9 | 82.9 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 7.4 | 7.8 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 99.7 | 99.7 | 99.7 | 99.6 | 99.6 | 99.6 | 99.6 | 99.6 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 7.7 | 3.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 3.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 84.0 | 96.0 | 95.0 | 95.0 | 95.0 | 97.0 | 96.0 | 97.0 | 96.0 | 96.0 | 97.0 | 97.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | .. | .. | 99.8 | 99.3 | 99.9 | 98.1 | 101.4 | 100.6 | 99.6 | 96.8 | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | .. | .. | .. | 100.8 | 100.6 | 100.3 | 100.7 | 100.5 | 99.9 | 99.6 | 100.2 | .. | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | .. | .. | 107.7 | 107.5 | 105.7 | 104.6 | 103.1 | 103.0 | 103.0 | 103.1 | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | .. | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 148.3 | 170.1 | 164.7 | 162.9 | 161.1 | 159.3 | 157.5 | 155.7 | 153.9 | 152.1 | 150.3 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.1 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 200.5 | 313.9 | 84.6 | 85.0 | 83.2 | 81.4 | 82.2 | 83.1 | 58.2 | 33.3 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.9 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 1.1 | -0.3 | -4.2 | 3.3 | 4.9 | 2.0 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 3,782.7 | 4,634.8 | 5,242.7 | 5,449.4 | 5,799.4 | 5,692.7 | 5,565.9 | 5,538.1 | 5,966.3 | 5,785.0 | 5,282.8 | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 4,983.0 | 7,575.4 | 8,948.7 | 9,040.0 | 9,218.0 | 9,326.1 | 9,451.8 | 9,306.5 | 10,220.5 | 10,143.5 | 9,750.5 | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 36,144,336,768.7 | 96,076,539,925.7 | 307,998,545,269.4 | 319,646,468,521.5 | 343,673,334,902.3 | 377,123,710,560.6 | 376,161,998,830.0 | 349,165,858,544.6 | 436,591,382,250.5 | 509,017,841,146.6 | 505,439,514,078.0 | 547,386,645,891.8 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 9.8 | 9.0 | 3.0 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 3.5 | 1.3 | -3.8 | 9.8 | 4.1 | 1.8 | 4.4 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 4.7 | 3.9 | 3.1 | 0.5 | 2.9 | 3.6 | -0.4 | -2.4 | 10.9 | 14.9 | -5.0 | 3.2 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 30.9 | 32.5 | 24.3 | 23.2 | 23.5 | 25.4 | 24.1 | 23.2 | 24.6 | 23.8 | 22.1 | 21.4 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 177.2 | 188.4 | 178.4 | 164.6 | 171.7 | 178.2 | 176.9 | 181.8 | 182.7 | 186.1 | 181.6 | 178.8 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 167.1 | 176.0 | 151.1 | 138.3 | 145.1 | 148.4 | 147.5 | 150.3 | 146.5 | 146.2 | 144.1 | 143.6 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 35.7 | 35.2 | 25.4 | 26.4 | 27.3 | 24.8 | 24.5 | 22.8 | 24.0 | 22.2 | 21.2 | 22.2 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 25.4 | 25.7 | 18.0 | 18.4 | 20.2 | 18.2 | 20.9 | 18.1 | 17.1 | 15.9 | 18.2 | 18.6 | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 14.5 | 14.9 | 13.1 | 13.3 | 14.0 | 13.0 | 13.2 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 11.8 | 13.9 | 14.2 | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 4.6 | 4.5 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.8 | 2.8 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 1.7 | 68.1 | 149.0 | 151.7 | 149.6 | 152.1 | 159.3 | 150.3 | 158.0 | 173.0 | 173.2 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 52.2 | 52.2 | 53.1 | 51.6 | 51.8 | 55.3 | 55.0 | 56.8 | 56.1 | 59.4 | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 314.4 | 283.5 | 210.6 | 192.0 | 204.1 | 207.8 | 199.4 | 198.3 | 197.8 | 194.8 | 178.0 | 176.2 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 132.6 | 114.1 | 100.0 | 98.4 | 96.2 | 95.0 | 94.5 | 91.0 | 93.5 | 94.1 | 93.3 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Net migration | 66,950.0 | 55,218.0 | 41,852.0 | 13,737.0 | -8,880.0 | 21,820.0 | 870.0 | -145,556.0 | -44,030.0 | 214,842.0 | 26,996.0 | 20,011.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
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