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Population, total | 1,107,695,519.0 | 1,202,226,474.0 | 1,323,087,907.0 | 1,331,189,869.0 | 1,339,441,048.0 | 1,347,317,014.0 | 1,355,260,023.0 | 1,362,497,757.0 | 1,370,013,876.0 | 1,371,769,252.0 | 1,378,506,989.0 | 1,385,723,403.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 42,973,183.8 | 42,975,921.8 | 43,499,815.8 | 43,499,844.4 | 43,500,685.6 | 43,500,534.8 | 43,500,760.9 | 43,501,197.5 | 43,499,401.5 | 43,493,337.8 | 43,471,305.1 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 31.5 | 33.9 | 37.3 | 37.5 | 37.7 | 37.9 | 38.2 | 38.4 | 38.6 | 38.8 | 39.0 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 18,593,921,267,668.0 | 27,781,712,854,716.9 | 50,917,289,579,460.3 | 49,736,566,724,730.5 | 48,889,510,223,752.8 | 49,420,690,993,508.7 | 52,989,169,314,410.4 | 55,046,549,467,201.1 | 53,176,227,215,193.5 | 58,759,678,458,918.4 | 62,526,289,422,087.5 | 63,966,893,611,076.8 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 16,786.1 | 23,108.6 | 38,483.7 | 37,362.5 | 36,499.9 | 36,680.8 | 39,098.9 | 40,401.2 | 38,814.4 | 42,835.0 | 45,358.0 | 46,161.4 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 18,354,721,687,710.0 | 29,731,355,934,288.3 | 52,523,039,155,323.9 | 54,251,418,283,531.7 | 56,301,845,391,599.7 | 58,891,397,757,451.3 | 61,531,762,572,798.3 | 64,632,285,206,027.8 | 63,459,117,134,725.4 | 70,237,344,022,086.2 | 77,691,886,360,635.7 | 82,087,145,905,487.0 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 16,570.2 | 24,730.2 | 39,697.3 | 40,754.1 | 42,033.8 | 43,710.1 | 45,402.2 | 47,436.6 | 46,320.1 | 51,202.0 | 56,359.4 | 59,237.8 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 74.6 | 76.9 | 79.9 | 79.8 | 79.9 | 79.9 | 80.0 | 80.2 | 78.9 | 78.7 | 79.6 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 39.7 | 35.6 | 26.7 | 24.8 | 23.4 | 22.3 | 21.4 | 20.6 | 19.5 | 18.7 | 18.1 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 68.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 95.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 98.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 21.8 | 13.6 | 8.0 | 7.8 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 7.2 | 7.0 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 6.5 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 82.2 | 91.1 | 94.2 | 94.3 | 94.1 | 91.2 | 94.4 | 90.7 | 93.2 | 94.1 | 92.5 | 90.9 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 96.7 | 98.7 | 100.6 | 100.0 | 102.4 | 99.2 | 98.7 | 99.4 | 99.7 | 100.1 | 98.3 | 98.3 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 105.5 | 104.0 | 103.4 | 102.9 | 102.9 | 102.4 | 102.3 | 102.3 | 101.7 | 101.0 | 100.5 | 100.5 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 85.9 | 94.7 | 104.8 | 105.4 | 105.8 | 106.7 | 106.5 | 106.6 | 106.4 | 106.2 | 105.3 | 105.3 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | .. | .. | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | .. | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 11,348,539.6 | 11,507,404.1 | 11,610,298.9 | 11,622,667.1 | 11,631,555.2 | 11,629,150.3 | 11,630,163.6 | 11,631,274.9 | 11,632,610.7 | 11,633,848.7 | 11,633,752.0 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 18.0 | 19.6 | 19.6 | 20.2 | 20.3 | 18.1 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 8.0 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.9 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 1.3 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 4,130.7 | 4,441.4 | 4,023.6 | 4,133.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 6,499.3 | 7,708.9 | 7,755.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 18,842,951,847,841.0 | 27,681,866,522,254.6 | 50,499,381,482,768.0 | 47,636,457,096,446.7 | 48,559,828,241,457.3 | 50,712,039,895,145.1 | 53,631,765,536,033.4 | 54,179,480,252,802.3 | 53,000,805,354,035.6 | 59,169,601,457,959.2 | 60,691,333,186,116.5 | 64,746,562,052,056.7 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 2.9 | 4.1 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 1.9 | -3.9 | 5.9 | 3.0 | 1.8 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 6.1 | 3.1 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 6.5 | 6.0 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | .. | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | .. | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | 26.0 | 22.6 | 22.1 | 21.8 | 22.1 | 22.2 | 21.8 | 21.3 | 21.6 | .. | .. | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 17.6 | 20.9 | 28.3 | 27.1 | 26.5 | 27.6 | 28.4 | 27.8 | 25.6 | 28.0 | 30.4 | 28.8 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 18.1 | 21.6 | 28.2 | 26.9 | 26.2 | 27.3 | 28.3 | 27.7 | 25.5 | 27.9 | 31.3 | 28.8 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 25.8 | 24.3 | 21.8 | 22.1 | 21.9 | 22.3 | 22.6 | 22.7 | 22.5 | 22.8 | 23.5 | 22.6 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | 23.2 | 26.7 | 26.3 | 26.3 | 26.2 | 26.5 | 25.9 | 25.8 | 26.0 | 26.6 | 27.1 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 11.3 | 10.5 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.0 | 9.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | 14.5 | 16.7 | 15.5 | 15.7 | 15.6 | 16.0 | 15.4 | 15.4 | 15.4 | 16.2 | 16.7 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.3 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.4 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 1.0 | 44.0 | 111.1 | 111.7 | 113.1 | 114.1 | 115.7 | 116.9 | 116.8 | 119.7 | 122.3 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 18.6 | 19.3 | 19.6 | 17.8 | 17.6 | 17.9 | 18.2 | 18.3 | 20.8 | 20.3 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 27.9 | 34.9 | 44.7 | 42.0 | 40.6 | 42.6 | 43.9 | 42.2 | 39.9 | 44.1 | 48.8 | 43.9 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Net migration | 2,405,369.0 | 2,009,988.0 | 4,537,892.0 | 5,501,587.0 | 4,775,975.0 | 5,639,570.0 | 5,388,364.0 | 5,032,997.0 | 2,244,004.0 | 2,662,243.0 | 6,803,692.0 | 3,840,307.0 | |
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