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Population, total | 97,120,925.0 | 126,382,494.0 | 185,896,915.0 | 190,671,878.0 | 195,443,700.0 | 200,254,579.0 | 204,938,755.0 | 209,485,641.0 | 213,996,181.0 | 218,529,286.0 | 223,150,896.0 | 227,882,945.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 106.6 | 138.8 | 204.1 | 209.4 | 214.6 | 219.9 | 225.0 | 230.0 | 235.0 | 239.9 | 245.0 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 40.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 32.3 | .. | .. | 30.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | .. | 533,512,166,618.1 | 525,527,997,171.1 | 463,851,771,590.3 | 403,827,850,925.0 | 400,473,681,117.7 | 429,268,510,688.5 | 440,485,380,996.9 | 461,011,629,729.0 | 472,999,373,332.1 | 429,500,770,756.8 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | .. | 2,870.0 | 2,760.0 | 2,370.0 | 2,020.0 | 1,950.0 | 2,050.0 | 2,060.0 | 2,110.0 | 2,120.0 | 1,880.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | .. | .. | 943,774,921,301.3 | 963,979,037,608.0 | 966,395,103,971.0 | 978,425,665,305.6 | 1,013,944,481,505.9 | 1,101,660,228,738.0 | 1,133,036,228,884.0 | 1,176,731,655,094.6 | 1,291,670,211,718.4 | 1,372,031,892,304.3 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | .. | .. | 5,080.0 | 5,060.0 | 4,940.0 | 4,890.0 | 4,950.0 | 5,260.0 | 5,290.0 | 5,380.0 | 5,790.0 | 6,020.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | 7.0 | .. | .. | 7.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 46.0 | 47.2 | 51.8 | 51.8 | 52.0 | 52.3 | 52.6 | 52.9 | 52.9 | 52.7 | 53.6 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.5 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.1 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 143.0 | 133.8 | 123.6 | 114.9 | 106.9 | 100.8 | 96.6 | 92.6 | 89.1 | 88.5 | 87.3 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 6.0 | .. | .. | .. | 22.1 | 13.4 | 16.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 32.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 43.0 | 43.3 | .. | .. | .. | 50.7 | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 209.6 | 182.5 | 127.7 | 126.2 | 124.5 | 122.4 | 119.9 | 116.9 | 113.9 | 110.6 | 107.2 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | 33.1 | .. | 20.6 | 19.5 | 31.5 | .. | 21.8 | .. | 18.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 54.0 | 33.0 | 44.0 | 42.0 | 48.0 | 54.0 | 56.0 | 58.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 83.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 85.5 | 99.2 | 87.4 | 83.7 | 81.9 | 76.5 | 84.7 | 83.3 | 87.4 | 86.7 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 24.6 | 24.7 | 44.5 | 45.6 | 40.9 | .. | 42.2 | .. | 45.9 | 47.2 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 | .. | 0.9 | .. | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 265,260.9 | 248,930.4 | 226,067.6 | 224,434.5 | 222,801.5 | 221,168.5 | 219,535.5 | 217,902.5 | 216,269.5 | 214,636.5 | 213,003.5 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 3.0 | 4.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 5.6 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.5 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 683.9 | 680.8 | 724.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 85.4 | 72.1 | 137.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 54,035,795,387.8 | 69,171,451,627.2 | 574,183,763,411.5 | 493,026,682,800.6 | 404,649,125,252.2 | 375,745,731,053.4 | 421,739,251,509.1 | 474,517,490,844.5 | 432,198,898,467.8 | 440,833,635,873.8 | 477,403,400,101.2 | 363,846,332,834.6 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 11.8 | 5.0 | 6.3 | 2.7 | -1.6 | 0.8 | 1.9 | 2.2 | -1.8 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 2.9 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 6.7 | 22.7 | 4.7 | 2.9 | 9.5 | 11.1 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 7.8 | 10.1 | 11.3 | 12.6 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 21.6 | 21.4 | 20.0 | 20.6 | 21.0 | 20.8 | 21.2 | 21.9 | 24.1 | 23.4 | 23.7 | 22.7 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 35.4 | 33.8 | 24.6 | 20.2 | 18.2 | 22.3 | 25.7 | 27.4 | 28.2 | 31.4 | 30.8 | 32.6 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 30.3 | 30.3 | 24.9 | 18.9 | 10.9 | 7.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.8 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 77.5 | 82.0 | 81.8 | 74.9 | 87.1 | 90.8 | 98.0 | 91.4 | 101.7 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 2.1 | 11.9 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 6.9 | 6.5 | 2.4 | 3.5 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 35.6 | 42.9 | 28.1 | 19.3 | 17.0 | 20.2 | 24.6 | 24.8 | 16.5 | 22.4 | 25.9 | 28.8 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 64.3 | 72.6 | 149.9 | 100.0 | 87.0 | 102.9 | 122.0 | 110.5 | 81.4 | 127.4 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 33,458,483,418.1 | 33,514,256,077.2 | 46,672,476,310.2 | 45,024,833,871.7 | 43,735,939,488.9 | 65,142,821,169.8 | 69,455,080,784.6 | 81,374,890,974.7 | 87,646,822,939.4 | 96,310,283,293.5 | 103,099,972,957.6 | 102,481,701,291.8 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 22.6 | 9.0 | 2.7 | 4.8 | 12.8 | 7.4 | 8.5 | 9.2 | 13.3 | 15.3 | 11.3 | 14.7 | |
Net migration | 135,959.0 | 74,535.0 | -19,376.0 | -116,162.0 | 75,265.0 | 78,685.0 | -76,565.0 | -99,722.0 | -14,497.0 | -86,115.0 | -51,680.0 | -57,936.0 | |
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