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Population, total | 95,214,257.0 | 122,851,984.0 | 179,379,016.0 | 183,995,785.0 | 188,666,931.0 | 193,495,907.0 | 198,387,623.0 | 203,304,492.0 | 208,327,405.0 | 213,401,323.0 | 218,541,212.0 | 223,804,632.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | 923,770.0 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 104.5 | 134.9 | 197.0 | 202.0 | 207.2 | 212.5 | 217.8 | 223.2 | 228.7 | 234.3 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 40.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 32.3 | .. | .. | 30.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | .. | 533,512,166,618.1 | 525,527,997,171.1 | 463,851,771,590.3 | 403,827,850,925.0 | 400,473,681,117.7 | 429,268,510,688.5 | 440,485,380,996.9 | 461,013,732,351.0 | 471,251,524,897.3 | 432,496,722,777.5 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | .. | .. | 2,970.0 | 2,860.0 | 2,460.0 | 2,090.0 | 2,020.0 | 2,110.0 | 2,110.0 | 2,160.0 | 2,160.0 | 1,930.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | .. | .. | 943,774,921,301.3 | 963,979,037,608.0 | 966,395,103,971.0 | 978,425,665,305.6 | 1,013,944,481,505.9 | 1,101,660,228,738.0 | 1,133,036,228,884.0 | 1,176,731,939,031.0 | 1,290,242,087,535.6 | 1,386,819,967,340.1 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | .. | .. | 5,260.0 | 5,240.0 | 5,120.0 | 5,060.0 | 5,110.0 | 5,420.0 | 5,440.0 | 5,510.0 | 5,900.0 | 6,200.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | 7.0 | .. | .. | 7.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 46.0 | 47.2 | 51.8 | 51.8 | 52.0 | 52.3 | 52.6 | 52.9 | 52.9 | 52.7 | 53.6 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.5 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.1 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 140.9 | 132.1 | 124.2 | 115.0 | 107.5 | 103.9 | 103.5 | 102.8 | 102.2 | 101.7 | 99.6 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 6.0 | .. | .. | .. | 22.1 | 13.4 | 16.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 32.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 43.0 | 43.3 | .. | .. | .. | 50.7 | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 209.6 | 182.5 | 127.7 | 126.2 | 124.5 | 122.4 | 119.9 | 116.9 | 113.9 | 110.6 | 107.2 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | 33.1 | .. | 20.6 | 19.5 | 31.5 | .. | 21.8 | .. | 18.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 54.0 | 33.0 | 44.0 | 42.0 | 48.0 | 54.0 | 56.0 | 58.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 83.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 85.5 | 99.2 | 87.4 | 83.7 | 81.9 | 76.5 | 84.7 | 83.3 | 87.4 | 86.7 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 24.6 | 24.7 | 44.5 | 45.6 | 40.9 | .. | 42.2 | .. | 45.9 | 47.2 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 | .. | 0.9 | .. | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 265,260.9 | 248,930.4 | 226,067.6 | 224,434.5 | 222,801.5 | 221,168.5 | 219,535.5 | 217,902.5 | 216,269.5 | 214,636.5 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 3.0 | 4.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 5.5 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 697.6 | 700.4 | 751.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 87.1 | 74.1 | 142.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 54,035,795,387.8 | 69,171,451,627.2 | 574,183,763,411.5 | 493,026,682,800.6 | 404,649,125,252.2 | 375,745,731,053.4 | 421,739,251,509.1 | 474,517,490,844.5 | 432,198,898,467.8 | 440,838,992,188.5 | 472,624,596,925.9 | 362,814,951,696.1 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 11.8 | 5.0 | 6.3 | 2.7 | -1.6 | 0.8 | 1.9 | 2.2 | -1.8 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 2.9 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 6.7 | 22.7 | 4.7 | 2.9 | 9.5 | 11.1 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 7.8 | 10.1 | 11.3 | 12.6 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 21.6 | 21.4 | 20.0 | 20.6 | 21.0 | 20.8 | 21.2 | 21.9 | 24.1 | 23.4 | 23.7 | 22.7 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 35.4 | 33.8 | 24.6 | 20.2 | 18.2 | 22.3 | 25.7 | 27.4 | 28.2 | 31.4 | 30.8 | 32.6 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 30.3 | 30.3 | 24.9 | 18.9 | 10.9 | 7.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 0.6 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 77.5 | 82.0 | 81.8 | 74.9 | 87.1 | 90.8 | 98.0 | 91.4 | 101.7 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 2.1 | 11.9 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 6.9 | 6.5 | 2.4 | 3.5 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 35.6 | 42.9 | 28.1 | 19.3 | 17.0 | 20.2 | 24.6 | 24.8 | 16.5 | 22.4 | 26.1 | 28.6 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 64.3 | 72.6 | 149.9 | 100.0 | 87.0 | 102.9 | 122.0 | 110.5 | 81.4 | 127.4 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 33,458,483,418.1 | 33,514,256,077.2 | 41,804,654,310.2 | 41,541,257,871.7 | 41,359,562,488.9 | 62,791,819,169.8 | 66,565,585,784.6 | 77,708,890,974.7 | 82,833,305,939.4 | 90,887,068,293.5 | 98,335,333,957.6 | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 22.6 | 8.8 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 9.6 | 7.0 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 15.3 | 15.0 | 10.6 | .. | |
Net migration | 107,212.0 | 34,146.0 | -49,351.0 | -145,917.0 | -54,315.0 | 15,016.0 | -81,384.0 | -103,989.0 | -4,824.0 | -76,364.0 | -59,996.0 | -59,996.0 | |
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