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Population, total | 1,710,810,036.0 | 2,125,376,113.5 | 2,721,462,078.5 | 2,763,351,401.5 | 2,804,867,051.5 | 2,846,133,568.5 | 2,886,705,487.5 | 2,926,690,682.0 | 2,966,396,716.5 | 3,004,162,907.0 | 3,041,203,716.5 | 3,079,778,780.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.5 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.3 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 18,501,921.0 | 18,489,911.0 | 18,488,753.0 | 18,493,578.0 | 18,493,579.0 | 18,493,926.0 | 18,493,525.0 | 18,493,585.0 | 18,493,616.0 | 18,493,624.8 | 18,487,595.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 99.9 | 118.9 | 152.2 | 154.6 | 156.9 | 159.2 | 161.5 | 163.7 | 165.9 | 168.0 | 170.2 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | 46.5 | .. | 18.0 | 17.1 | 16.5 | 14.3 | 12.6 | 12.9 | 14.8 | 13.8 | 12.6 | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 780,240,874,606.5 | 1,215,689,546,058.6 | 4,995,859,183,972.1 | 5,131,288,640,332.1 | 5,289,280,190,403.7 | 5,508,073,614,722.2 | 6,001,903,807,019.8 | 6,332,948,758,106.5 | 6,074,665,916,796.5 | 6,752,657,439,266.7 | 7,428,140,985,418.3 | 7,734,639,953,344.4 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 456.1 | 572.0 | 1,835.7 | 1,856.9 | 1,885.8 | 1,935.3 | 2,079.2 | 2,163.9 | 2,047.8 | 2,247.8 | 2,442.5 | 2,511.4 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 2,551,715,444,399.5 | 4,943,633,660,612.5 | 14,333,024,025,009.1 | 15,113,094,216,753.3 | 16,089,543,370,604.4 | 17,238,479,029,345.2 | 18,783,548,985,757.4 | 20,229,030,227,895.8 | 20,367,275,847,563.0 | 22,705,589,693,918.6 | 25,785,451,161,022.2 | 28,285,982,119,483.8 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,491.5 | 2,326.0 | 5,266.7 | 5,469.1 | 5,736.3 | 6,056.8 | 6,506.9 | 6,911.9 | 6,866.0 | 7,558.0 | 8,478.7 | 9,184.4 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 58.6 | 62.0 | 67.2 | 67.6 | 68.0 | 68.3 | 68.5 | 68.7 | 68.2 | 66.5 | 67.2 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.6 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 121.3 | 101.8 | 54.8 | 48.8 | 45.9 | 45.1 | 44.2 | 43.3 | 42.6 | 42.3 | 42.0 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 37.2 | 43.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 55.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 42.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 77.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 123.6 | 96.6 | 56.9 | 55.0 | 53.3 | 51.6 | 50.1 | 48.6 | 47.1 | 45.7 | 44.2 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 30.7 | 21.7 | 21.2 | 20.6 | 20.1 | 19.6 | 19.0 | 18.5 | 18.0 | 17.5 | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 61.2 | 62.5 | 80.1 | 80.9 | 81.9 | 83.1 | 84.9 | 85.8 | 83.3 | 81.3 | 84.8 | 84.8 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 66.9 | 71.7 | 88.3 | 88.8 | 88.8 | 88.7 | 88.7 | 88.3 | 89.2 | 89.6 | 95.9 | 87.3 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 88.2 | 92.6 | 103.3 | 103.3 | 106.0 | 105.0 | 98.7 | 98.5 | 99.3 | 99.5 | 102.4 | 102.8 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 37.1 | 43.7 | 64.5 | 64.9 | 65.7 | 64.9 | 65.9 | 66.3 | 67.5 | 68.8 | 68.9 | 67.9 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 6,034,945.0 | 5,902,574.0 | 5,609,887.4 | 5,587,788.1 | 5,568,018.0 | 5,546,012.5 | 5,524,090.1 | 5,502,086.3 | 5,480,275.9 | 5,458,336.6 | 5,436,381.8 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 11.7 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.9 | 11.5 | 11.9 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 18.4 | 18.5 | 18.6 | 18.9 | 18.8 | 18.5 | 18.6 | 19.6 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.6 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 401.0 | 440.7 | 567.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 288.6 | 373.2 | 682.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 739,096,952,809.7 | 1,185,565,463,800.7 | 5,095,594,685,380.3 | 5,089,665,684,079.0 | 5,304,010,748,630.3 | 5,741,380,409,466.1 | 5,994,118,980,886.4 | 6,298,712,117,939.3 | 6,102,312,002,456.4 | 6,911,861,585,177.3 | 7,371,395,678,679.6 | 7,439,509,140,290.4 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 5.1 | 4.2 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 4.1 | -3.6 | 6.7 | 5.8 | 5.5 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 10.7 | 5.7 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 2.2 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 4.6 | 6.8 | 4.7 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 25.2 | 20.1 | 16.3 | 16.1 | 16.0 | 15.8 | 15.4 | 15.6 | 16.9 | 16.3 | 15.8 | 15.4 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 28.0 | 27.1 | 28.4 | 27.1 | 26.5 | 27.1 | 27.6 | 27.2 | 27.1 | 28.0 | 28.0 | 27.5 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 14.7 | 21.0 | 24.8 | 22.7 | 22.1 | 23.3 | 24.8 | 24.1 | 22.9 | 25.3 | 27.8 | 27.3 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 18.7 | 23.5 | 28.5 | 26.9 | 26.0 | 27.8 | 29.6 | 27.8 | 25.2 | 29.4 | 32.7 | 30.5 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 27.1 | 24.3 | 28.4 | 28.1 | 28.1 | 29.3 | 30.3 | 28.8 | 27.1 | 29.6 | 30.5 | 30.8 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.0 | 13.9 | 14.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 28.8 | 27.8 | 27.0 | 26.2 | 24.6 | 23.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 11.3 | 11.5 | 11.6 | 11.7 | 12.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.2 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 2.0 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.9 | 80.0 | 81.7 | 86.6 | 88.1 | 91.0 | 92.7 | 93.0 | 93.0 | 93.9 | 93.1 | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 11.8 | 11.7 | 12.9 | 17.7 | 18.7 | 19.3 | 21.1 | 19.1 | 20.6 | 15.9 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 27.1 | 36.4 | 44.6 | 39.5 | 37.0 | 39.7 | 42.6 | 40.6 | 36.8 | 43.5 | 47.6 | 43.8 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 393,065,232,266.9 | 470,651,429,683.0 | 1,280,739,743,368.9 | 1,357,658,269,439.5 | 1,408,395,269,739.6 | 1,601,115,320,614.6 | 1,690,053,887,957.1 | 1,827,669,637,487.8 | 1,961,929,010,150.7 | 2,119,197,127,010.2 | 2,170,216,534,958.0 | 2,257,898,304,196.1 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 25.0 | 16.8 | 13.3 | 10.9 | 15.0 | 12.1 | 12.5 | 12.7 | 15.0 | 12.1 | 11.6 | 13.0 | |
Net migration | 258,781.0 | -1,208,159.0 | -3,384,833.0 | -4,773,675.0 | -4,033,801.0 | -4,009,688.0 | -4,244,060.0 | -3,911,745.0 | -1,868,159.0 | -2,261,156.0 | -4,368,948.0 | -4,045,974.0 | |
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