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Population, total | 292,948,240.0 | 390,079,731.0 | 577,586,377.0 | 592,175,402.0 | 607,867,476.0 | 624,557,000.0 | 642,186,195.0 | 660,718,366.0 | 679,560,744.0 | 698,215,206.0 | 716,865,783.0 | 736,466,395.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 14,973,680.0 | 14,973,680.0 | 15,028,974.0 | 15,029,027.6 | 15,029,014.9 | 15,029,009.2 | 15,029,015.4 | 15,028,999.2 | 15,028,958.0 | 15,028,958.0 | 15,028,958.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 26.6 | 32.2 | 39.2 | 40.2 | 41.2 | 42.4 | 43.6 | 44.8 | 46.1 | 47.4 | 48.6 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 59.9 | 43.4 | 44.6 | 44.8 | 44.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 115,853,797,219.8 | 100,582,252,508.5 | 402,203,256,713.6 | 401,184,159,927.7 | 396,070,722,319.7 | 395,864,153,403.4 | 411,149,729,786.9 | 438,163,936,712.9 | 438,849,438,613.2 | 467,454,057,112.4 | 510,161,883,261.4 | 555,813,973,039.9 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 395.5 | 257.9 | 696.4 | 677.5 | 651.6 | 633.8 | 640.2 | 663.2 | 645.8 | 669.5 | 711.7 | 754.7 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 213,231,105,305.8 | 357,910,793,274.9 | 952,762,674,816.2 | 1,017,550,213,823.8 | 1,109,980,674,470.4 | 1,165,184,042,193.2 | 1,236,588,205,432.1 | 1,326,255,138,986.3 | 1,361,288,370,045.0 | 1,477,986,962,851.1 | 1,631,460,533,032.2 | 1,741,434,864,720.7 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 727.9 | 917.5 | 1,649.6 | 1,718.3 | 1,826.0 | 1,865.6 | 1,925.6 | 2,007.3 | 2,003.2 | 2,116.8 | 2,275.8 | 2,364.6 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 49.7 | 53.3 | 61.3 | 61.7 | 62.2 | 62.6 | 63.0 | 63.4 | 63.0 | 62.5 | 63.0 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.5 | 6.0 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 132.8 | 129.6 | 105.0 | 103.1 | 101.1 | 99.3 | 98.0 | 96.6 | 95.3 | 94.0 | 92.9 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 15.6 | 21.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 34.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 32.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 65.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 184.4 | 146.3 | 82.6 | 80.1 | 77.4 | 75.1 | 73.0 | 70.6 | 68.3 | 66.5 | 64.5 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 29.2 | 21.7 | 21.2 | 20.7 | 20.3 | 19.8 | 19.4 | 18.9 | 18.5 | 18.1 | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 51.3 | 50.7 | 69.8 | 69.1 | 68.9 | 69.6 | 69.4 | 69.7 | 68.0 | 64.6 | 63.5 | 63.7 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 42.1 | 42.9 | 61.8 | 62.0 | 63.2 | 63.9 | 65.0 | 65.6 | 66.4 | 67.3 | 66.4 | 65.4 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 58.3 | 70.1 | 98.8 | 97.4 | 98.3 | 99.0 | 100.1 | 101.1 | 102.1 | 101.0 | 100.9 | 101.3 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 22.4 | 24.1 | 38.9 | 39.0 | 39.4 | 39.8 | 40.1 | 40.3 | 40.6 | 41.0 | 40.8 | 40.3 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 2.0 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 3,012,473.4 | 3,066,727.7 | 3,114,776.8 | 3,094,616.0 | 3,073,376.2 | 3,052,952.5 | 3,032,941.3 | 3,012,203.7 | 2,991,863.4 | 2,971,258.2 | 2,950,829.7 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 10.7 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.4 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.2 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.2 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 131,926,909,744.4 | 123,884,077,543.3 | 424,194,789,310.3 | 417,756,953,873.8 | 385,206,512,173.9 | 403,454,290,228.2 | 420,211,435,774.8 | 447,114,593,744.2 | 442,702,142,538.4 | 474,823,152,496.4 | 547,199,942,824.1 | 663,529,162,731.7 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -2.7 | 3.2 | 4.4 | -0.7 | 2.0 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 4.3 | 0.3 | 2.2 | 3.7 | 2.2 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 11.9 | 9.9 | 1.8 | 6.5 | 4.3 | 6.4 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 3.9 | 6.6 | 9.2 | 6.1 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 36.8 | 28.4 | 26.2 | 26.3 | 26.4 | 27.0 | 26.2 | 26.5 | 27.6 | 26.6 | 26.3 | 24.8 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 20.4 | 25.8 | 25.5 | 23.7 | 23.2 | 24.9 | 28.9 | 25.4 | 25.4 | 24.9 | 25.0 | 23.1 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | 23.1 | 20.5 | 16.8 | 15.7 | 18.6 | 19.6 | 18.2 | 17.2 | 20.2 | 20.8 | 17.3 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | 26.9 | 34.9 | 31.2 | 31.4 | 32.3 | 34.6 | 32.5 | 30.3 | 33.1 | 34.5 | 28.5 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 23.5 | 22.7 | 23.6 | 24.6 | 24.6 | 25.7 | 24.6 | 24.0 | 23.5 | 20.5 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | 12.0 | 11.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 22.8 | 24.1 | 23.5 | 22.8 | 23.2 | 22.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | 10.2 | 10.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 5.3 | 3.4 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.2 | 50.8 | 52.7 | 50.8 | 50.7 | 51.1 | 52.3 | 54.8 | 58.7 | 61.5 | 62.8 | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | 4.9 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 6.2 | 3.8 | 3.0 | 2.1 | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 22.1 | 32.1 | 40.1 | 35.9 | 33.5 | 36.1 | 39.4 | 35.9 | 35.8 | 39.0 | 37.8 | 30.5 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 85,510,684,686.2 | 98,925,613,156.5 | 139,218,486,921.9 | 149,016,038,101.4 | 155,664,332,832.1 | 170,816,376,567.8 | 180,685,518,484.2 | 190,511,091,451.5 | 208,680,680,561.7 | 223,121,685,993.6 | 223,548,243,388.0 | 231,988,683,760.4 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | 7.0 | 10.0 | 11.0 | 10.1 | 12.0 | 12.7 | 12.8 | 17.5 | 11.9 | 11.4 | |
Net migration | -1,365,591.0 | -1,478,255.0 | -1,954,441.0 | -1,812,831.0 | -357,216.0 | -511,433.0 | 574,321.0 | 264,322.0 | 364,360.0 | -676,817.0 | -275,248.0 | 36,141.0 | |
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