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| Population, total | 519,693,837.0 | 673,630,102.0 | 962,508,256.0 | 985,414,939.0 | 1,008,993,468.0 | 1,033,110,314.0 | 1,058,013,514.0 | 1,083,636,132.0 | 1,109,175,268.0 | 1,134,585,604.0 | 1,160,824,674.0 | 1,187,777,591.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 20,720,451.0 | 20,720,451.0 | 20,774,968.6 | 20,774,955.9 | 20,775,297.2 | 20,774,896.4 | 20,774,880.2 | 20,774,839.0 | 20,774,839.0 | 20,774,839.0 | .. | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 31.3 | 38.0 | 47.3 | 48.4 | 49.6 | 50.7 | 52.0 | 53.2 | 54.5 | 55.7 | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 179,163,604,431.3 | 203,733,338,167.5 | 961,347,372,840.1 | 951,829,034,832.0 | 987,811,517,610.9 | 1,092,893,234,422.4 | 1,179,586,994,969.0 | 1,185,445,164,761.2 | 1,281,556,787,703.7 | 1,417,755,412,643.5 | 1,489,127,471,426.6 | 1,533,487,072,976.1 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 344.7 | 302.4 | 998.8 | 965.9 | 979.0 | 1,057.9 | 1,114.9 | 1,094.0 | 1,155.4 | 1,249.6 | 1,282.8 | 1,291.1 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 479,385,314,864.9 | 835,459,663,950.4 | 2,656,444,752,947.7 | 2,845,550,622,356.6 | 3,022,070,491,232.3 | 3,325,836,851,024.1 | 3,610,132,873,212.2 | 3,769,457,087,171.9 | 4,124,725,861,530.1 | 4,618,516,693,354.9 | 4,952,966,345,594.9 | 5,283,604,576,184.4 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 922.4 | 1,240.2 | 2,759.9 | 2,887.7 | 2,995.1 | 3,219.2 | 3,412.2 | 3,478.5 | 3,718.7 | 4,070.7 | 4,266.8 | 4,448.3 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 51.0 | 55.4 | 63.3 | 63.7 | 64.0 | 64.6 | 65.0 | 64.8 | 64.3 | 65.8 | 66.5 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.0 | 5.2 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 141.3 | 130.7 | 101.3 | 99.7 | 97.5 | 96.1 | 94.9 | 93.9 | 92.4 | 91.3 | 90.6 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 19.2 | 27.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 41.8 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 30.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 64.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 175.5 | 134.1 | 74.5 | 72.3 | 70.8 | 66.6 | 64.9 | 62.2 | 60.8 | 61.2 | 56.9 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 54.4 | 54.8 | 74.3 | 73.6 | 74.2 | 74.4 | 74.3 | 72.8 | 69.4 | 71.0 | 70.8 | 71.1 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 41.1 | 46.7 | 67.6 | 68.6 | 69.6 | 70.8 | 70.9 | 71.5 | 72.2 | 71.0 | 70.4 | 70.3 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 65.8 | 76.8 | 100.0 | 100.4 | 101.0 | 102.0 | 102.8 | 103.3 | 102.4 | 100.3 | 100.3 | 100.7 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 17.8 | 27.4 | 43.5 | 45.1 | 45.3 | 46.3 | 46.6 | 47.1 | 47.2 | 47.1 | 46.8 | 46.9 | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 1.6 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 5,795,562.6 | 5,732,841.0 | 5,517,610.9 | 5,478,249.5 | 5,439,709.6 | 5,401,574.6 | 5,362,717.2 | 5,324,256.7 | 5,285,531.6 | 5,246,982.9 | .. | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 10.1 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.2 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.9 | 11.0 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.4 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.6 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 284.6 | 287.4 | 344.1 | 348.9 | 351.9 | 351.8 | 355.7 | 356.3 | 363.1 | 365.3 | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 64.1 | 80.4 | 203.6 | 219.9 | 230.6 | 242.9 | 251.3 | 249.6 | 263.7 | 276.8 | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 192,676,554,736.4 | 224,563,948,593.2 | 946,044,369,982.6 | 952,622,086,763.4 | 1,044,504,274,790.0 | 1,116,339,519,831.8 | 1,169,366,192,253.7 | 1,179,778,077,659.2 | 1,303,898,952,961.4 | 1,474,237,106,700.9 | 1,459,966,948,607.9 | 1,536,272,727,812.7 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | -0.1 | 4.3 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.9 | -0.1 | 2.9 | 4.8 | 3.0 | 3.9 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 12.0 | 6.4 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 6.1 | 8.1 | 5.4 | 5.7 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 36.4 | 27.1 | 20.9 | 20.4 | 19.9 | 19.2 | 18.9 | 19.9 | 19.2 | 18.9 | 19.9 | 19.9 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | 24.6 | 26.7 | 27.3 | 27.9 | 29.4 | 29.6 | 28.9 | 29.4 | 29.4 | 30.0 | 29.6 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | 20.3 | 20.1 | 18.4 | 19.2 | 20.9 | 20.4 | 18.0 | 20.9 | 22.5 | 21.7 | 21.0 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | 26.8 | 31.4 | 28.1 | 27.8 | 30.3 | 29.1 | 26.4 | 28.6 | 31.2 | 29.4 | 28.7 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | .. | 22.3 | 26.5 | 27.3 | 28.4 | 29.3 | 29.7 | 27.9 | 28.2 | 28.7 | 27.4 | 26.7 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 13.6 | 12.6 | 13.0 | 13.5 | 14.4 | 19.0 | 14.8 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 10.0 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 10.0 | 10.7 | 12.1 | 10.5 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 4.5 | 2.3 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.3 | 66.7 | 66.7 | 67.5 | 75.4 | 73.8 | 75.0 | 77.4 | 78.7 | 82.2 | 83.9 | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 5.4 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 6.3 | 8.8 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 7.6 | 8.0 | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 22.9 | 35.2 | 41.6 | 38.8 | 40.5 | 42.8 | 40.2 | 36.7 | 41.9 | 42.3 | 40.7 | 40.4 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Net migration | -1,705,768.0 | -2,368,123.0 | -2,002,281.0 | -1,391,837.0 | -1,613,378.0 | -1,457,702.0 | -1,229,408.0 | -825,923.0 | -1,805,919.0 | -2,090,340.0 | -1,840,999.0 | -1,748,381.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 4,018,878,526.8 | 6,168,895,024.0 | 42,239,755,306.6 | 40,920,249,170.8 | 43,463,602,840.2 | 50,372,744,963.5 | 53,821,794,749.2 | 57,180,757,026.6 | 59,739,935,869.2 | 63,485,417,857.6 | 67,317,602,775.9 | 72,548,819,645.0 | |
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