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Population, total | 519,693,837.0 | 673,630,102.0 | 940,284,138.0 | 962,508,256.0 | 985,414,939.0 | 1,008,993,468.0 | 1,033,110,314.0 | 1,058,013,514.0 | 1,083,636,132.0 | 1,109,175,268.0 | 1,134,585,604.0 | 1,160,824,674.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 20,721,411.0 | 20,721,411.0 | 20,775,875.0 | 20,775,928.6 | 20,775,915.9 | 20,776,257.2 | 20,775,856.4 | 20,775,840.2 | 20,775,799.0 | 20,775,799.0 | 20,775,799.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 31.3 | 38.0 | 46.2 | 47.3 | 48.4 | 49.6 | 50.7 | 52.0 | 53.2 | 54.5 | 55.7 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 179,238,884,937.9 | 203,777,717,941.3 | 934,799,929,071.9 | 938,045,246,028.8 | 935,489,164,583.2 | 976,112,846,279.6 | 1,080,663,331,528.1 | 1,167,962,910,848.8 | 1,174,584,769,671.2 | 1,267,809,665,451.1 | 1,394,307,128,228.4 | 1,472,346,914,112.2 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 344.9 | 302.5 | 994.2 | 974.6 | 949.3 | 967.4 | 1,046.0 | 1,103.9 | 1,083.9 | 1,143.0 | 1,228.9 | 1,268.4 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 472,018,948,535.4 | 825,120,394,402.2 | 2,484,400,851,520.9 | 2,609,155,447,247.1 | 2,798,794,598,022.5 | 2,974,207,328,566.1 | 3,277,628,575,766.3 | 3,565,213,805,818.2 | 3,703,883,580,201.3 | 4,037,166,932,003.3 | 4,515,842,024,570.7 | 4,858,644,794,687.5 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 908.3 | 1,224.9 | 2,642.2 | 2,710.8 | 2,840.2 | 2,947.7 | 3,172.6 | 3,369.7 | 3,418.0 | 3,639.8 | 3,980.2 | 4,185.5 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 50.7 | 55.9 | 63.1 | 63.5 | 64.0 | 64.4 | 64.8 | 65.1 | 64.6 | 64.2 | 64.9 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.0 | 5.2 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.9 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 141.3 | 130.7 | 103.1 | 101.3 | 99.7 | 97.5 | 96.1 | 94.9 | 93.9 | 92.4 | 91.3 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 19.2 | 27.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 40.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | 30.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 64.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 175.5 | 135.3 | 75.6 | 73.2 | 70.7 | 68.5 | 66.4 | 64.4 | 62.5 | 60.7 | 59.0 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 54.4 | 57.2 | 74.7 | 74.1 | 73.3 | 73.9 | 74.1 | 74.0 | 72.4 | 67.8 | 69.1 | 70.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 42.2 | 47.3 | 69.0 | 69.3 | 70.3 | 71.2 | 72.4 | 72.3 | 72.8 | 73.5 | .. | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 66.5 | 77.9 | 103.3 | 102.1 | 102.3 | 102.7 | 103.6 | 104.4 | 104.8 | 103.8 | 103.6 | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 17.9 | 27.6 | 43.7 | 44.4 | 45.8 | 45.8 | 46.6 | 46.6 | 47.0 | 47.0 | 46.6 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 1.5 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 5,796,148.8 | 5,733,424.6 | 5,557,436.1 | 5,518,160.9 | 5,478,793.3 | 5,440,247.2 | 5,402,106.0 | 5,363,242.4 | 5,324,775.7 | 5,286,044.4 | 5,247,489.5 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 12.2 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.9 | 13.0 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.6 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.9 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 293.2 | 298.9 | 363.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 70.4 | 86.6 | 206.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 192,273,239,120.8 | 224,157,176,664.7 | 966,685,213,655.8 | 928,290,888,606.7 | 944,199,366,020.7 | 1,033,373,602,036.7 | 1,100,496,566,937.0 | 1,161,448,671,597.7 | 1,172,274,838,994.2 | 1,279,711,995,341.6 | 1,435,846,906,574.1 | 1,516,309,568,380.5 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 0.0 | 4.4 | 5.6 | 2.6 | 3.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 5.1 | -0.1 | 2.8 | 4.6 | 3.4 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 12.0 | 6.4 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 6.3 | 7.4 | 4.9 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 35.6 | 26.7 | 20.4 | 20.9 | 20.4 | 19.9 | 19.0 | 18.8 | 19.9 | 19.1 | 18.7 | 18.8 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | 23.8 | 28.8 | 26.8 | 27.5 | 28.7 | 30.9 | 30.3 | 29.5 | 29.9 | 30.4 | 29.0 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | 20.4 | 25.8 | 20.5 | 18.3 | 19.7 | 21.2 | 20.5 | 18.1 | 21.3 | 23.1 | 21.0 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | 27.0 | 34.3 | 32.2 | 28.4 | 28.6 | 30.9 | 28.7 | 26.8 | 29.3 | 32.3 | 29.0 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | .. | 22.4 | 27.1 | 27.4 | 27.7 | 28.8 | 29.3 | 30.0 | 29.4 | 29.6 | 30.7 | 28.4 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 16.8 | 14.0 | 12.9 | 13.4 | 13.8 | 14.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 28.4 | 28.8 | 28.3 | 27.8 | 28.0 | 27.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 10.8 | 10.3 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 10.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 4.6 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.3 | 62.3 | 66.7 | 66.7 | 67.5 | 75.4 | 73.8 | 75.9 | 77.8 | 78.9 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | 5.4 | 6.9 | 6.1 | 8.1 | 8.7 | .. | 5.3 | .. | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 23.0 | 35.3 | 46.1 | 42.4 | 39.2 | 41.0 | 43.5 | 40.5 | 36.9 | 42.5 | 43.6 | 38.2 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Net migration | -1,705,768.0 | -2,368,123.0 | -1,793,102.0 | -2,002,281.0 | -1,391,837.0 | -1,613,378.0 | -1,457,702.0 | -1,229,408.0 | -825,923.0 | -1,805,919.0 | -2,090,340.0 | -1,840,999.0 | |
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